Where is Lijiashan Village located?
Lijiashan Village, Tukou Town, Linxian County, Shanxi Province - one of the three major discoveries in the life of the famous painter Wu Guanzhong. Located 3 kilometers south of Tukou Ancient Town, hidden deep in the mountains, it is ethereal and elegant. When the famous painter Wu Guanzhong visited Lijiashan in October 1989, he exclaimed that it looked like a "Han tomb." He said: From the outside, it looks like a desolate Han tomb. Isolated paradise.
The "Li Family Genealogy Book" records: "The ancestor Li Duan moved from Shangxipo Village in Linxian County to Sanjia Lijiashan Village in Linxian County during the Chenghua Period of the Ming Dynasty (1465-1487)."
The Li family multiplied for generations and became a large family by the middle of the Qing Dynasty. At that time, Qikou Shangfu was prosperous, and the Li family was also involved in business. According to (genealogy) and word-of-mouth information, there were two rich people in Lijiashan at that time. The east rich man Li Dengxiang, known as the Xiang rich man, opened "Dehe shop" and "Wanshengyong" in Qikou; the west rich man Li Defeng opened in Qikou Open "Three Harmonies". These two families are prosperous and make money every day. In Qikou, they can be as rich as the Chen family in Xiwan Village.
Once we had money, we gradually began to carry out major construction projects. They invited a Feng Shui master to take a look and saw that there were two small ditches flowing south in Lijiashan Village, which met in the south of the village and flowed into the Yellow River. The hills between the two ditches were shaped like a phoenix head, and the two mountains on the left and right were like wind wings. This terrain is surrounded by mountains. The Feng Shui master repeatedly said: "This village is in the direction of Genlong Geng. The moon rises from the east mountain at the Zhongge Point. Those who don't wind up are afraid that the ugly Yin Qi will enter. The rich and noble dragon should be here." (Genealogy) )
The rich man's house in the east was built on Feng's body, and the rich man's house in the west was built on the right side of Feng. The left side of Feng's left side is still the old village. The wealthy people from the east and west seem to be secretly competing. They are carefully designed and constructed on a high hillside of a few hundred meters with an angle of about 40 degrees. They are built according to the situation of the mountain and are stacked high and low. From the ditch to the top, there are as many as nine floors. Their shapes are different and their styles are special. different.
The buildings in Lijiashan Village are all built with water-milled bricks, and bricks, wood, stone carvings and exquisite plaques abound. Most of the architectural forms are brick vaults (cave dwellings), bright pillars, eaves, and courtyards, with buildings built against the mountains. The side rooms and stables are mostly tile-roofed houses with one splashing water or double splashing water and hard roofs. The streets are high and low, with stone ribs and block stones for paving. The waterway layout is reasonable, with holes in the center of ditches, leading to the outside of the village.
At present, Lijiashan Village has more than 100 courtyards and more than 400 dwellings, housing more than 220 families and more than 760 people. To the west, most of the Qing Dynasty buildings were inhabited by people named Li. Although some of them are in tatters, they are basically well preserved. Feng Zui Zuigou is still called an old village or a small village. There are two families named Chen and Cui. They say that before the Li family moved here, it was called Chenjiawan.
Compared with the big villages, the architectural styles of small villages are completely different. There are still people in the small village living in "Yizhuxiang" mud cave dwellings with a single door and a window. Some people say that they still live a primitive cave dwelling life. As far as housing is concerned, this is not an exaggeration at all. In addition, the villages mostly use earthen kiln interfaces, stone arch cave dwellings, and brick and tile buildings are rare.
There are more than eight types of residences in Lijia Mountain Village. Whether they are luxurious Qing Dynasty buildings or earthen cave dwellings where cave dwellers live, they are all attached to the soul of the Chinese nation. They are indeed national things. As experts say, the natural scenery and human and cultural landscape here complement each other, and it contains loess folk customs and rich Yellow River culture.
Lijiashan Village, Qikou Town, Linxian County, is a representative ancient village among the Qikou ancient villages.
Lijiashan was originally called Chenjiawan. Later, it was renamed because the Li family moved in and gradually became prosperous. According to the "Li Family Genealogy Book": "The ancestor Li Duan moved from Shangxipo Village in Linxian County to Lijiashan Village in Sanjia, Linxian County during the Chenghua Period of the Ming Dynasty." The Li family has multiplied for generations, and by the middle of the Qing Dynasty it had matured Big house. At that time, business in Qikou was prosperous, and the Li family got involved in business and prospered.
Today, Lijiashan Village has more than 100 large and small courtyards and more than 400 dwellings, housing more than 220 families and more than 760 people. Lijiashan Village faces south and faces north, located on the slopes of Phoenix Mountain. The entire village looks like a phoenix spreading its wings. Generally speaking, its terrain is "two ravines and four slopes". Two small ravines extend southward, join a mountain stream perpendicular to them and then flow westward into the Yellow River. The hill between the two ditches is the Phoenix Head, and the outside of the two ditches is the Phoenix Wings.
According to expert research, there are more than eight types of residential buildings in Lijiashan, ranging from simple cave dwellings to luxurious Qing Dynasty buildings. There are two rich people in Lijiashan: the West Rich Man and the East Rich Man.
Li Dengxiang, a rich man from the east, opened "Dehe Store" and "Wanshengyong" in Qikou; Li Defeng, a rich man from the west, opened "Sanhehou". The two families were prosperous and made a lot of money every day, so they built a lot of construction projects in this loess mountain village. So the rich man in the east built his house on the phoenix, and the rich man in the west built a monastery on the wing of the phoenix. The two wealthy men competed and built exquisite brick kilns and houses with up to nine floors on a hillside of several hundred meters, overlapping each other, creating the loess mountain village that fascinates today's people.
The most representative courtyards in Lijiashan include "Dongcaizhu Courtyard", "Hudi Courtyard", "Xinyao Courtyard", "Guilanxuan" and so on. Dongcaizhuyuan is a two-story kiln courtyard built by "Dongcaizhu" Li Dengxiang. The main kiln in the kiln courtyard on the first floor is located east to west and has five holes in the stone kiln, three bright and two dark. On the west side of the two-hole stone kiln in the south wing is a gate with a ridge on the hard mountain. The gate faces south. On it is a plaque with the words "Tang Structure Increases the Splendor" and a couplet on the gate: The book is the cause of heroes in the world, and good is the root of wealth in the world. The brick carving "Qilin presenting auspiciousness" on the head of the gate is exquisite and lifelike. On the north side of the courtyard, stone steps were built next to the three-hole stone kiln leading to the wing room on the second floor. The two-story main kiln is a five-hole stone kiln with no eaves and a small door in the south of the front porch leading directly to the outside of the courtyard. The entire courtyard is exquisitely designed. The back courtyard is also called "Xiangting Tower" and was built by "Western Rich Man" Li Defeng. It is located on the west hillside, facing east from the west. Xiangting Tower consists of a main courtyard and two small courtyards. The main building of the main courtyard has a seven-hole stone kiln on the first floor and a seven-hole brick kiln on the second floor. The north wing has a three-hole stone kiln on the first floor and five brick houses with front porches on the second floor. The entire kiln courtyard is spacious and grand, which is rare in Lijiashan Village, a village with many ravines, which shows that the Li family has strong financial resources.
The perfect combination of high loess slopes and residential buildings in Lijiashan Village, rich folk customs and Yellow River culture have gradually attracted more and more people. Today's Lijiashan Village is full of painters and photographers who flock to the winding paths.
Near Lijiashan Village there are tourist attractions such as Qikou Scenic Area, Qikou Ancient Building Group, Linxian Central Post Office Site, Shanxi-Shaanxi Yellow River Grand Canyon, Linxian Black Dragon Temple, and Linxian Kaiyang. Jujubes, Linxian red dates, hoe cakes, Linxian tofu, Yellow River catfish and other specialties.