Top Ten Astronomical Wonders in 2023
There will be many spectacular astronomical wonders in the night sky in 2023, which can be called the gospel of astronomy lovers. The following are the top ten astronomical wonders I collected in 2023 for your reference. Come and have a look!
Top Ten Astronomical Wonders in 2023
The new moon is close to Jupiter and Venus.
February 22(nd)
That night, after the sun sets below the southwest horizon, people will see a crescent moon approaching Jupiter, and the bright Venus will be in a slightly lower position.
Jupiter-Venus rendezvous
March 1
On the night of March 1 year, the two super bright planets will be closest to each other-even with the smallest backyard telescope, they can clearly see their coincidence in the same field of view.
The moon covered Venus.
March 24
Venus is the brightest celestial body in the solar system except the sun and the moon, and the eclipse of Venus is of great ornamental value in the phenomenon of "occultation". When the moon covers Venus, it means that the moon runs between the earth and Venus, and the three are in a straight line. By then, the moon will "pass by" in front of Venus. Because the apparent diameter of the moon is much larger than that of Venus, Venus will be completely blocked when passing by, and Venus will "disappear" completely in a short time and reappear later.
On the evening of March 24th, 2023, there will be an eclipse of Venus in the sky. This Venus eclipse can be seen in southern Africa, the Indian Ocean and southern Asia. In southern China, we can see the phenomenon that the moon covers Venus in the western night sky, and the moon covers the bright Venus. At that time, the brightness of Venus was -3.9, and the moon phase was moth-eyebrow moon. As time went on, the moon slowly covered Venus, making the bright Pleiades disappear behind the moon.
It is reported that if we miss this opportunity, we may have to wait until 2063 to see it again in our country.
Venus meets the Pleiades.
April 1 1
One hour after sunset, Venus will meet the Pleiades. In a dark and empty place without light pollution, people should be able to see this dazzling cluster with the naked eye-it actually contains about 3000 stars. At this time, Venus is only 6,543.8 billion miles away from the Earth, while the Pleiades is about 2.6 trillion miles away from the Earth.
solar eclipse
April 20th 65438+1October 65438+May
The total solar eclipse on April 20 is the most noteworthy, which is a rare annular eclipse+total solar eclipse, also known as compound annular eclipse. The total solar eclipse belt starts from the South Indian Ocean, passes through exmouth, Southeast Timor, Maluku and Papua Province, and ends in the Western Pacific.
In China, only the southernmost part of Zhejiang, the southeastern part of Fujian, the southeastern part of Guangdong, the southeastern part of Hainan and Taiwan Province Province can see the partial solar eclipse with a small food fraction, and the partial solar eclipse with a food fraction of 0.2~0.5 can be seen in the South China Sea islands.
The annular solar eclipse on June10/5 is invisible in China. The annular eclipse belt starts in the northeast Pacific Ocean, passes through the United States, Mexico, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama, Colombia and Brazil, and ends in the Atlantic Ocean in eastern Brazil.
lunar eclipse
May 5, 65438+10/October 29.
Although both eclipses can be seen in China in terms of time, they are not "beautiful".
The penumbral eclipse on May 5 lasted from 23: 12 to 03: 34 on May 6, but the penumbral eclipse was invisible to the naked eye, and the change of the moon brightness could only be recognized by taking pictures.
65438+ partial eclipse of the sun and the moon occurred in the early morning, from 03: 34 (initial loss) to 04: 53 (last contact), and the eclipse was only 0. 127, which was of little ornamental value.
The moon, Mars, Venus and Samsung meet.
May 22(nd)
As soon as the sun sets on May 22nd, we can see the amazing meeting between the three brightest planets-the moon, Mars and Venus. The glittering "trio" will be arranged in an arc and hung in the western sky at close range. On May 23rd, the new moon will "slide" between Venus and Mars.
Two full moons in January
August
There are 12 full moons in most years, once a month. But there will be 13 times in 2023, two of which will be in August. The second full moon in a month is called "blue moon". The blue moon refers to a special phenomenon in the astronomical calendar, rather than the moon with blue hue visible to the naked eye. Usually, the full moon appears about every 29 days, but most months in our calendar are 30 or 3 1 day, which leads to the appearance of the "blue moon" about every 2.5 years.
Professionals say that two full moons in August can also be regarded as super moons. Some astronomers say that when the moon is within 90% of perigee, the phenomenon of super moon will appear.
Moon mask antares
September 2 1 day
Antares is the alpha star of Scorpio, also called "fire" in ancient China, and it is also one of the bright stars of 2/kloc-0 all day. However, this day happened at 16 pm, and it was not dark yet, so it was difficult to observe.
meteor shower
All year round.
There are more than 100 meteor showers throughout the year, but only a handful of them are specially recommended to the public. According to the forecast of International Meteor Organization (imo), there are 7 meteor showers with zhr≥20, 4 with zhr≥50 and 3 with zhr≥ 100 this year. It is worth mentioning that the three major meteor showers in the northern sky (quadrant meteor shower, Perseid meteor shower and Gemini meteor shower) will all encounter the "perfect moon phase", and the observation will hardly be disturbed by moonlight, so 2023 can be called the "meteor shower year"!
What is "the new moon embraces the old moon"
On February 22nd and 23rd, if the weather is fine, strange astronomical phenomena such as "New Moon Embracing the Old Moon" can be seen all over China.
"The new moon embraces the old moon" means that the whole surface of the moon is faintly visible in the arms of the curved crescent. According to experts, this phenomenon is caused by the surface of the earth reflecting sunlight to the dark side of the moon. On a clear day, during the waning moon and the moth-eyebrow moon, almost all the bright whole moon surfaces can be seen with the naked eye.
According to experts, the crescent on February 22 (the third day of the second lunar month) will present a tiny crescent, and the public will see the circular area of the moon illuminated by sunlight, accounting for only about one tenth of the circular area of the moon. For two consecutive nights (the third and fourth day of the lunar calendar), the attentive public can watch the rare astronomical phenomenon of "the new moon holding the old moon". It is best to observe the meniscus with binoculars.
On February 22nd, after nightfall, the public can also watch the rare astronomical phenomena of "Double Stars Accompanied by the Moon". At that time, the curved crescent moon will meet the bright Venus and Jupiter at low altitude in the west. If the weather is clear, it can be seen in all parts of China and even in most parts of the world (except the Antarctic and Arctic), and the horizon of the "double-star moon companion" in the northern hemisphere is higher than that in the southern hemisphere, and the viewing time is longer.
It is reported that at 6 o'clock on February 23, there will be a special astronomical phenomenon that the moon will cover Jupiter. In some parts of South America, we can witness the scene that the moon "devours" Jupiter.
On February 23rd, after sunset in the west, Venus, Jupiter and Crescent Moon lined up in an approximate straight line with almost equal distance from west to east, showing a strange astronomical phenomenon of "three stars in one line" and "three stars in one row".
Experts say that it is best to watch these celestial phenomena for 30 minutes after sunset and observe them continuously for more than 30 minutes. In Guangzhou, the sunset time on February 22nd is 18: 26, that is, 18: 56 can be put into observation in Guangzhou.
Various factors affecting astronomical observation results
1. The air around the earth is always moving. This movement and rotation of the atmosphere will cause bad images, especially at high magnification. Maybe in a few nights, the observation will improve.
2. The hot air on the earth's surface will also cause air fluctuations, distort images, and deformation will cause poor observation.
3. The observation angle formed by telescope, star and horizon has great influence on the observation effect. If the measured star is near the horizon, the target will be blurred.
4. Light pollution: Try not to use your telescope around the light (for example, under street lamps, indoor lights, etc.). ) High-powered telescopes are very sensitive to light. Near the city, the influence of light is more obvious. It seems that many stars will disappear on the horizontal plane near the city.
Moonlight may also be another factor that affects observation. A dazzling full moon or bright moonlight will blur nearby stars or planets, and the moon itself is the best observation state of night and dawn.
6. Try to avoid observing from the open window (let alone through the closed window), especially in the cold season, when the temperature difference between indoor and outdoor is large, the observation quality will be the worst.
7. Clouds accumulated in the sky cannot penetrate observation, but fortunately, these clouds will move frequently.
8. The stars flash quickly because of the convection between cold air and hot air, which will cause bad observation, so try to observe when the stars are stable at night.
9. Under heavy fog, it will also cause unfavorable situation. Under the fog, the atmosphere is usually relatively stable and may be observed.
10, starlight is always as big as a needle, and at such a long distance, you can't tell the difference in size by observing it at low or high magnification with a telescope.