Malanyu introduces Malanyu
During the Daoguang period, Yang Lan Academy, also known as Yang Lan, was built. In Mongolia, it is called Malai and later Malanyu. At the foot of Fujun Mountain, 23 kilometers northwest of the city, outside the Feng Shui wall in the east of the Qing Dongling. Tangquan, a famous scenic spot in the east, is an important town in the northwest of zunhua city, facing Nanxincheng, one of the three towns of Lingqu, facing the Qing Dongling in the west and Malanguan, the pass of the Great Wall in the north.
The establishment of the ancient town is untested. "Zunhua National Records" records: "Zunhua Great Wall, Yanzhu in Warring States, Qin Fuxiu. There have been overlapping generations. " Based on this reasoning, since Malankou was established, this place has been the place where military strategists have been stationed, and it has been around 2000 years. Its city was built in the Hongwu period in the early Ming Dynasty. Originally guarding Malan Pass, it was named "Malan Valley Camp". In the middle period, Qi Jiguang, a famous anti-Japanese, changed the original stone wall into brick, and the top of the wall was built into a crib, with doorways and watchtowers. In the Qing dynasty, the watchtower on the south gate cave was expanded into a two-story Ming-style building, in which statues of emperors were molded, and turrets were built in the southeast corner and southwest corner, which was both defensive and spectacular. The restored mountain city is located at the southern foot of Fujun Mountain, with a terrain high in the north and low in the south, a circumference of 338 feet and a wall height of 0.8 feet. Because it is a garrison camp, there is still no north gate. Jade plaques are engraved on the upper floors of all city gates: the words "Changtai" are written on the east gate, and a city gate building is built at 100 meters outside the city gate, with the words "Dong Fan" written on it; The south gate is engraved with "Malan Valley Camp".
In the eighteenth year of Shunzhi (166 1), Xiaoling was founded and became the seat of an important organ to manage the mausoleum area. In the second year of Kangxi (1663), Xiaoling Barracks was built in the southeast corner of the city. In the fifty-fourth year of Kangxi (17 15), an imperial book pavilion was built in the town, dedicated to the imperial poems presented by Emperor Kangxi when he was stationed in Yema Lanyu, and inscribed the poem "Malanyu" written by Emperor Kangxi after visiting Xiaoling Mausoleum in the fifty-third year of Kangxi (17 14): Visiting the Mountain Mausoleum with tears. The pine forest turns green, and it is also appropriate to be tired and injured.
Fingers have been longing for closeness for years, and the gradual scene is late. Zhu's temple is still worshipping, and his worries are still far away. In the fifty-seventh year of Kangxi (17 18), the Xiaodongling Military Camp and Neifu Circle were built in the east, also known as the "East New Town". Later, the Little Dongling Military Camp was divided into two parts, and the inner government part was also called the Eastern Circle. The Eight Banners and Xiaoling Barracks are still called Malanyu.
In the first year of Yongzheng (1723), Yin Zhen sent the 14th brother of Emperor Yunchan as the minister to protect the mausoleum. There are four guards in Gan Qing Palace, commanding four guards and 40 guards, so we built a palace in the east of the city, two public houses, a house of 170 (later called Dongfu, now Malanyu Hospital), and 48 guard cities in the south of Wang Fu. Later, because the minister of protecting the mausoleum was reduced from a prince to a viscount, the manpower was also reduced. All the vassal state houses were moved to the city, renamed as the East and West Houses, and the Dongling Business Office was established as the highest authority to handle mausoleum affairs on behalf of the royal family. In this way, it is not only the barracks of the two tombs, but also the residence of imperial clan personnel. It is also the hub of communication between the mausoleum and the imperial court and the center of ruling the mausoleum.
During the Anti-Japanese War, Malanyu became a "three-legged place" with three organizations. Dongling Office: Its predecessor was the Internal Affairs Office of the General Manager of Dongling, which was established after the demise of the Qing Dynasty to treat the royal family well. Pu Yi's cousin, Pu Xian, has always been in charge, and his address is in the family hospital of Malanyu National Hospital, which was originally called "Dongfu" in the south of Hengjie Road. Dongling District Management Office: It is an institution of Puyi in the Puppet Manchukuo, and was sent by Jehol Province to take care of the Qing Dongling. It is actually led by the Japanese, and its address is north of Dongguan Road. Xinglong Office: Established after the Great Wall's Anti-Japanese War, it governs 32 villages in Xinglong County and Malanyu Special Zone outside the Great Wall, and belongs to the traitor Yin Rugeng's "Jidong Anti-Japanese Autonomous Government". The address is Qingye Gongfu in Xiguan. In addition, there is a Japanese consulate in Malanyu, which is an organ dedicated to serving the Japanese aggressors. The address is at the South Pawnshop Courtyard (now Supply and Marketing Cooperative Hotel) outside the East Gate. There are nearly a thousand guards, secret service teams, police stations, Manchuria teams, armed mine police and so on. In addition, there are flour shops, brothels and so on.
As a place where Manchu people live, it has always been valued by the Qing Dynasty and Japanese devils. In the 11th year of Daoguang (183 1), in March, the company commander of Jingying Company arrived at his post and told the emperor that he founded the "Yanglan Academy". Later, many voluntary schools were built one after another, so that the children of the Eight Banners and the children of green camp soldiers could enter school to read and write in time. Immediately after the Japanese invaders set foot here, they set up Dongling College in Nanda Village in the circle to enslave the people of China and serve their aggression. The roads in the town extend in all directions and the traffic is very convenient. In the south, there is Shima Highway (Shimen-Malanyu) connected with the provincial highway Jingzun Highway. Dongbao Road (Baozidian-Dongling) crosses it in the east; There is a direct highway (Malanyu-Shangguan) in the north. There are direct buses to Beijing, Tianjin, Tangshan and Chengde every day. There are modern Netcom, Mobile and Unicom office buildings in the town, and the communication is fast and smooth.