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Introduction to Qiupu River

Qiupu River

The original name is Qiupu River. Also known as Yunxi River. There are two upper sources: one source comes out of Xianyu Mountain, and flows down to Guniu River from Kaokeng, Zhuxi, Liyuan, Pengxi, Mubeikeng, Xiangyuan, Xiaoshanxi, Zhuangmenkeng and other waters on the north slope, and flows into Gongxin River. , flows in the northeast direction, passes through Ketian, Zhanda, and Dayan, and flows into the Qiupu River near Xiangkou Village; the second source leaves Dahongling in Qimen, passes through Languan in Shitai County, and enters the Hongling River in Nalian River and Guanxi. It joins the Gongxin River near Xiangkou and is called Qiupu River. Then it passes through Qili, Jitan, Gaotan, Guankou, Yinhui, and enters the Yangtze River from Chikou. It is 150 kilometers long, 100-250 meters wide, and has a drainage area of ​​2,235 square kilometers, of which 80% is mountainous. The ratio is 1:3700, and the flood discharge capacity is 1000 cubic meters per second. The annual runoff in normal years is 2.434 billion cubic meters, with the peak reaching 3.643 billion cubic meters (1954). The historical maximum flow in Gaotan Town is 2,710 cubic meters per second (July 4, 1957), the highest water level in history. The water level was 26.87 meters (July 13, 1970), and the lowest water level in history was 19.58 meters (September 28, 1966). The water volume in the driest year was 1.713 billion cubic meters (1978). Severe soil erosion in the upper reaches of the Qiupu River has left the riverbed rich in yellow sand. Since 1984, more than one million tons have been exported every year.

Qiupu River, formerly known as Qiupu River, is a first-level tributary of the Yangtze River. The main stream is 149 kilometers long, of which 46 kilometers are within the county. The river channel is 80-200 meters wide. The height difference between the upstream and downstream riverbeds is 90 meters. The average ratio is 1/300. There are two sources: one originates from Xianyu Mountain, collects the ancient Niujiang Mountains, Nankeng and Zhuxi rivers and flows into Gongxin River, passes through Zhanda and Tangcun, and flows into Qiupu at Shuanghekou; the other originates from Qimen Dahongling Mountains. Entering Languan Township of this county, it merges with Lianxi and Guanxi to form Hongling River. After crossing Diaoyutai, it becomes Qiupu River, and then passes through Xiangkou, Chuzhu, Qili, Yangkeng, Jitan, and Gouting at Qiaowan to enter Guizhou. In Chi County, it flows into the Yangtze River from Chikou. The total drainage area of ​​the Qiupu River system within the territory is 881.6 square kilometers, accounting for 62.8% of the total area of ​​the county. Hongling River, also known as Hongling Creek, originates from Dahongling in Qimen County and runs northward through Leihu and Chengan in Qimen County to Langtian, where it is called Langtian River. It enters Dachetian in this county and reaches Xiaohekou (formerly known as Honglingkou) where it joins Lian River. When it reaches the port, it joins Guan River. After crossing Diaoyutai, it becomes Qiupu River. The county is 17.5 kilometers long, and the river width is generally 30-100 meters. Lianxi is located in Languan Township. It has two sources. One comes from Lion Rock in Dayukeng, and the other comes from Shimenling. The two streams merge into Lianxi in Lianxi Village. It flows for 2.5 kilometers to the mouth of the small river and joins Hongling River. Guanxi originates from Chiling in Qimen County and enters the county via Chilingkou and Guloudun in the north. It joins Hongling River at the port. The total length of the county is 5 kilometers. Li River originates from Hengshan Mountain at the junction of Hengdu Village and Liba Village, and flows westward into Qiupu River through Guangping. The total length is 9 kilometers. Liuxi originates from Shimaling, Aiguo Village, Hengdu Township, and runs southwest through Pancun until it crosses into the Qiupu River. The total length is 9.5 kilometers. The Gongxin River originates from the ancient Niujiang-Xianyu Mountains, and flows northeast through Ketian, Zhanda, and Dayan. Along the way, it passes through Nakaokeng, Zhuxi, Liyuan, Pengxi, Keng, Xiangyuan, Dashanxi, and Xiaoyan. The rivers and Shenxi (Zhuangmenkeng) waters pass through Tangcun and flow into the Qiupu River. The total length of the main stream is 43 kilometers, and the general river width is 30-150 meters. Dayankeng, also known as Dayankeng and Yanxi River, has two sources in Dayan Township: one source comes from Dali Mountain in the ancient Niujiang Mountains; the other source comes from the main peak of the ancient Niujiang Mountains and goes north through Xinnong and Xinghuo. It enters the Gongxin River near Gaotian Village, with a total length of 14 kilometers. According to Lu Yanling's "Guichi County Chronicles", Daman River originates from Hengshan Mountain, where there are Jinchatan, Snow Spring, and ancient snow mountain people fishing for rocks. The source of the Gongxi River flows out of Shanshan and Qijingshan, with Qijingshan as its main source. It flows southwest through Dongfeng, Shangwan and Ducun in Gongxi Township, and enters the Qiupu River under the rocks of Langshang Village in Qili Township. The total length is 28 kilometers. Yuankeng is also known as Yuankeng and Yankeng. It originates from the southwest slope of Shanshan Mountain, runs southward through Yuankeng Village, Qili Township, and enters the Qiupu River at the entrance of Kengkou. The total length is 7 kilometers. Qili Keng is located in Qili Township. It originates from Douwen Mountain and runs south to the mouth of Xiaohe River and enters Qiupu River. 4 kilometers long. Xingxi has two sources in Qili Township: one source comes from Yulong Cave in Xingxi Village, and the other comes from Longtoushan. It meets at the outhouse of Yongfeng Village and flows northward through Song Village into Qiupu River. 8 kilometers long.

Meixi originates from Ziling, runs northeast through Sanzeng Village in Qili Township and Gaole Village in Jitan Township, and enters the Qiupu River at Yangkengkou. 8 kilometers long. The ancient name of Takeng is Dakeng, located in Jitan Township. It originates from Huangbai Mountain, flows eastward through Takeng and Hongdun villages, and enters the Qiupu River at its mouth. 7 kilometers long. Within the territory of Chongkengjitan Township. It originates from Guanyinjian, goes northwest through Li, Zhong and Wai Chongyang, and enters the Qiupu River at the entrance of Chongyang Keng. The total length is 8 kilometers. A tributary of Qiupu River in Goutingkeng, within the territory of Jitan Township. It originates from Huanghualing, goes southwest to Qiaowan and enters Qiupu River. The total length is 6 kilometers.

The original name of Qiupu River is Qiupu River, which covers the three counties of Qimen, Shitai and Guichi. The upper reaches of the Hongling River originate from Dahongling in the Qimen Mountains, with an altitude of 1,126 meters. It passes from south to north through Leihu, Cheng'an and other places in Qimen County, enters Shitai County, crosses Xiangkou Street, flows north, and passes through Shitai. The county seat enters Guichi County at Jitan, winds and turns to the northeast through Gaotan, Yinjiahui and other places, and goes around the southern part of Qiujiangwei, passes through Duwu, and enters the river at Chikou. The total length of the main stream is 149 kilometers (59 kilometers within the county). In the Han Dynasty, the area below Yinhui Town was a swampland where branches of the Yangtze River flowed, called Qiupu. The river basin covers an area of ​​2235.2 square kilometers, of which Guichi County accounts for 1172.2 square kilometers, accounting for 52.4%. The width of the main river bottom is 150 to 250 meters below the high level. The ratio of the main river channel from Qili to Niwan is 1/1500, and from Niwan to Niwan. Yinhui is 1/3400, and Yinhui to Chikou is 1/5700. The Gaotan hydrological station was established in 1952. By 1988, there were 37 years of measured flow data. The measured maximum flow was 2170 cubic seconds (July 4, 1957). The minimum flow rate is zero (July 5, 1958), which is estimated to occur once in 20 years. The maximum flow rate in Yinjiahui is 3860 cubic meters per second. The current flood discharge capacity of the Yinhui Bridge is 1500 cubic meters per second. Within the river basin, the county has 12 townships with a population of 230,000 and 273,000 acres of cultivated land. The population accounts for 45% of the county and the cultivated land accounts for 58% of the county. It is rich in underground mineral resources. The downstream polder area is one of the main producing areas of grain and cotton in the county. Characteristics of the Qiupu River: The mountainous area is large, accounting for 78.5% of the total area. The upper reaches have serious water and soil erosion, the lower reaches are curved, and the floods are large and fierce. In the 40 years since the founding of the People's Republic of China, Yinhui Town has been flooded nine times and the Qiujiang Fair has been breached twice. In normal years, the river flows back to Yinjiahui. The main tributaries of Qiupu River include Gongxin River, Pailou River, Longshu River and Shuangxi River, among which Gongxin River and Longshu River are the largest. Gongxin River, also known as Gongjun River, originates from Li, flows through Zhanpo, Xiangyuan, Tangcun, etc. and enters the main stream at Shuanghekou, with a total length of 30 kilometers in Shitai County. The Pailou River originates from the Zimujianma Rock in Shitai County. It flows from south to north through the Pailou Township of this county and enters the Qiupu River at Langshan Rock. It has a total length of 22 kilometers and a drainage area of ​​103 square kilometers. The Longshu River originates from the Kejia Mountains in the Jiuhua Mountains, and flows from the Pingtian River at the southern foot. It flows from east to west through Tangxi Township in Liutian, where it meets the Huamiao River from Qijing Mountain in Shitai County. After merging, it ends at the Huixiaokeng River in Meicun Village. , passes through Wushi and enters the main stream of Qiupu River at Wangjiafan. The basin area is 475.9 square kilometers and the main river channel is 74 kilometers long. Shuangxi River is in Shuangqiao Township of this county. It has two sources: one flows from Jiaoding Mountain and flows through Daye Village; the other flows from Tanhuangyan in the high mountain. The two rivers merge at Shuanghekou and join the main stream of Qiupu River at Yinjia. The basin area is 58.5 square kilometers, and the main river channel is 17 kilometers long.

The Baizhang Cliff Scenic Area integrates green mountains, green water, strange rocks, waterfalls and deep valleys. The total length of the canyon is 3 kilometers. There are more than 30 waterfalls in Baizhang Cliff (11 photos) in Anhui Province, and numerous green pools, flanked by Covered by virgin forest, the ecological environment is excellent. The Baizhang Cliff Waterfall at the bottom of the scenic valley is about 100 meters high and 20 meters wide. Its continuous flow of water all year round is unparalleled in the world.

It is located in the western Huangshan Mountains in southern Anhui, ten kilometers away from Shitai County. It has secluded valleys, deep springs, and beautiful scenery. There are tall waterfalls, deep pools, and canyon terrain. The Baizhang waterfall with a vertical drop of more than 100 meters is particularly spectacular. There are also outdoor adventure projects in the scenic area, including rock climbing, zip lining, rafting, walking through waterfalls and waves, flying trapeze, crossing the Lover's Bridge, tightrope walking, etc. When traveling here, you must overcome many difficulties, encourage each other, and help each other to reach the Baizhang Cliff Waterfall through more than 20 adventure projects.

Baiyang River, formerly known as Qingxi River, is located in the middle of the county. It originates from the Kejia Mountains in the Jiuhua Mountains. It flows from south to north through Liujie, Taopo and other places to Baiyang Town and connects people from all over the country. The Baiyu River (formerly known as Nanmo River) meets at the peak, flows through Jiangzutan and reaches Shangqing River.

Before the reclamation of Southeast Lake, Baiyang River crossed Shangqing River and then entered Southeast Lake. It passed through the south gate and east gate of the county and met the Baisha River (called Henghe in the old records) from Taipu Mountain near Baiya Mountain, and ended at the mouth of Xiajiang River. Enter the river. After the reclamation of Southeast Lake, the new river channel merges with the Qiupu River in Chuanxingcun in the west of Southeast Lake and flows into the Yangtze River. The river basin covers an area of ​​438.4 square kilometers, the main stream is 63 kilometers long, and the river channel is 50 to 70 meters wide. It is estimated that the maximum flood flow in Xinghua Village once in 20 years is 1,200 cubic meters per second, the current flood discharge capacity of the river is 400 cubic meters per second, and the minimum flow river is cut off. (1958, 1978), the slope of the river from Shangqing River to the mouth of the river is 1/2250. There are 5 townships and one town in the basin, with a population of 125,000 and 74,000 acres of cultivated land. The mountainous area of ​​the river accounts for 56.7%, and floods are frequent along the river.

In 1959, the Provincial Department of Water Resources built Niwan Reservoir in Gaotan, the middle reaches of the river, with a controlled area of ​​1,113 square kilometers, accounting for 49.7% of the basin area. The designed dam height is 75 meters, the dam type is a reinforced concrete core sand shell dam, with a total storage capacity of 1.915 billion cubic meters, an installed power generation capacity of 40,000 kilowatts, and an earthwork volume of 4 million cubic meters. It is a large reservoir mainly for flood control, combined with power generation and irrigation. The relocated population is 40,100 people, with a total investment of 24 million yuan. The construction took one year to complete the diversion tunnel and the reinforced concrete core wall of the dam foundation, which cost 15 million yuan. In 1961, due to financial difficulties, the livelihood of the construction workers could not be guaranteed, so the project was stopped midway. In 1977, the County Water Conservancy Bureau, with the help of the Chizhou District Water and Power Bureau, formulated a flood control and snail extermination project plan for the lower reaches of the Qiupu River. The Water and Electricity Bureau of the Anhui Provincial Revolutionary Committee approved the "expanded preliminary design of the flood control and snail extermination project in the lower reaches of the Qiupu River in Guichi County" in accordance with the approval requirements of the Provincial Planning Commission. "The total investment in the project is approved to be 7.45 million yuan. It will be used on a lump sum basis and no overspending is allowed." The project includes main river diversion, Nanshan rock dam, flood ditch, Yinhui Highway Bridge, Duhu Gate Station, etc. Total earthwork is 16 million cubic meters, concrete and reinforced concrete is 13,100 cubic meters, and mortar stone is 10,600 cubic meters. meters, 22,000 cubic meters of masonry, 5,231 tons of cement, 310 tons of steel, and 1,110 cubic meters of wood. In October 1977, the first phase of the Baosaiqigang project started. Wusha area mobilized 5,000 migrant workers and completed 1 million cubic meters of earthwork in six months, accounting for 6.2% of the total earthwork, and spent 687,600 yuan. Construction was suspended in 1978. The main reasons for the postponement were: (1) The county's financial difficulties were too large (8 million yuan) to solve the financial difficulties; (2) Policy changes made the burden on the people in the beneficiary areas too heavy and unbearable.