Is there really Feng Shui?
The word "geomantic omen" comes from the cloud in Guo Pu's Funeral Scripture that "Qi rides the wind to disperse, but the boundary water stops, and the ancients gathered to make it long, so it is called" geomantic omen ",that is," Qi "related to the ground vein and topography.
The Modern Chinese Dictionary defines Feng Shui as: "Feng Shui refers to the geographical situation of residential bases and cemeteries, such as the direction of mountains and rivers. Superstitious people think that the quality of Feng Shui can affect the rise and fall of families and descendants. "
Ci Hai is defined as follows: "Feng Shui is a superstition in old China. It is believed that the geomantic conditions around residential bases or cemeteries can lead to the fate of residents or buried families. "
The difference between Yijing and Feng Shui;
Feng Shui refers to the geographical situation of residential bases and cemeteries, such as the direction of mountains and rivers, and the magic of ancient China. The Book of Changes is an ancient philosophy. The two should not be confused. The following content is the general content of China's Yi-ology history, not the history of Feng Shui.
Ancient and pre-Qin periods
The tribal leader and ancestor of mankind in Fuxi ancient myths and legends, surnamed Feng, has its capital in Chen (now Kaifeng East, Henan Province). Under the Book of Changes: "The ancients worshipped the king of the world, looked up at the sky, looked down at the ground, watched the articles of birds and beasts, adapted to the earth, approached all the bodies, and far away from all the things, so they started gossip to understand the virtues of the gods and the feelings of all things." People think that gossip was painted by Fuxi.
Shennong is also known as Lianshan and Shanshi Lie. Yan Di, the legendary inventor of agriculture and medicine. According to legend, Jiang Yong (now Sui County, Hubei Province) was born. According to legend, in the19th century, Yi made by Fu reached the hands of Shennong. Shennong expanded the application of imagery, and laid the foundation of traditional Chinese medicine with the image of the rise and fall of yin and yang and rational mathematics. According to legend, it re-enacted the Eight Diagrams and became sixty-four hexagrams, which made it "even Yi Shan".
In the ancient history of the Yellow Emperor, it is said that his real name is Gongsun. Because he lived in Jishui, he changed his surname to Xuanyuan, Xiong and Guizang. According to legend, all ethnic groups in the Central Plains have the same ancestor. After the reign of Shennong, the change of Fuxi reached the Yellow Emperor through eight biographies. It is easy to govern, widely used and profound, and its documents are still similar. Invented writing, temperament, dry branches, five elements, astronomy, calendars, boats, palaces, coffins and clothes, established a ritual system according to Yi Yi, prospered rites and music to govern officials, helped the people, and opened up Chinese culture. He served as an eight-product military commander. The Yellow Emperor's Book of Changes, headed by Kun, thinks that Kun and soil belong to the same soil, and everything on the ground grows in spring and grows in summer, and the autumn harvest survives in winter, so it is called "returning to Tibet".
Tribal leader in the late Shang and Zhou Dynasties, Ji surname, Mingchang. When the Shang and Zhou Dynasties were Xibo, it was also called Bochang. King Wu, the father of Zhou Wuwang, won the world and respected him as King Wen, so he was also called Wenchang. According to legend, when he was in prison, he ruled the world by hanging down his clothes (clothes like dry clothes, clothes like Kun), played the theory of easy poverty and learning from heaven and man, played Fuxi gossip as sixty-four hexagrams, and made hexagrams.
Jiang Shang Jiang Shang, whose name is Jiang Ziya. His ancestors originally lived in the East and made great contributions to water control together with Yu. For Lu, he took Lu as his surname. Because Zhou Wenwang was named a military commander, he was also called a "teacher". Legend has it that Jiang Shang was poor in his early years. Although he was very talented, he didn't meet his own talent. Later, he heard that Wen Wang was looking for a wise man and went fishing in a tributary of Weishui, which was appreciated by Wen Wang. King Wen was reused after he was released from prison, participated in the planning of cutting down the merchants, and later helped to destroy the merchants and sealed them in the State of Qi. People often call him Jiang Taigong. It is said that he wrote the ancient art book Tamia Liu.
Duke Zhou was an outstanding politician in the Western Zhou Dynasty. Last name is Ji, first name is Dan, also known as Gong Dan and Shu Dan. Because the fief was in Zhou (now Qishan, Shaanxi), it was called Duke of Zhou in history. Son of King Wen, brother of Wu. According to legend, he is not only proficient in easy learning, but also can gossip. His remarks can be found in some articles in Shangshu, such as Da Shu Jian, Kang Shu Jian, Tudor, Wuyi and Li Zheng.
Laozi was a famous thinker and founder of Taoism in the late Spring and Autumn Period. The surname is old and the name is brave. He said his surname was Li, his first name was Er, and his word was Bo Yang and posthumous title Yong. Go to Renli, Kuyi and Chu (now Lu Yidong, Henan). He used to be a Tibetan caretaker in the Zhou Dynasty. Laozi's learning belongs to the system of the Yellow Emperor's "Righteousness of Returning to Tibet", which emphasizes kunrou. His thoughts of keeping quiet, valuing softness, respecting yin and doing nothing, as well as the cosmology and numerical inference method of "Tao gives birth to one, one, two, two, three and three things" are considered to be inspired by the divination process in Zhouyi and the two instruments, four images and eight diagrams in Zhouyi. He is the author of Laozi (also known as Tao Te Ching) with more than 5,000 words.
Confucius (55 BC1-479) was a thinker, politician, educator and founder of Confucianism in the late Spring and Autumn Period. Zhong Ni was born in Shandong (now southeast of Qufu, Shandong). Confucius, as a famous scholar and thinker, has profound research and unique views on Zhouyi. Emphasize the significance of divination to moral cultivation. At the same time, it is believed that people who are good at learning the Book of Changes should not perform divination, and that the use of the Book of Changes is to improve people's moral realm, not to predict good or bad luck. This understanding of Zhouyi had a great influence on the later interpretation of Zhouyi by Confucian scholars. Later, Confucianism explained Yi and paid attention to the educational significance of hexagrams rather than divination. As Xunzi said: "Those who are good and easy will not take it." The Book of Changes fully embodies the tendency of Confucius to emphasize the significance of humanitarian education in the management of the Book of Changes. The Book of Changes completed the transformation from a divination book to a philosophical work. The traditional view that Yi Zhuan was written by Confucius has been controversial since Ouyang Xiu's Yi Tong Zi Wen Zhuan was questioned in the Song Dynasty.
Shang Bo (former 507-? ) Confucianism and politicians in the late Spring and Autumn Period. Famous businessmen, word summer, line and word. Confucius is a proud student. According to legend, Xia Zi Yi Zhuan has eleven volumes, which are regarded as false trust by later generations.
Xunzi (former 3 13? -238 BC) An outstanding thinker and master of Confucianism at the end of the Warring States Period. Influenced by the theory of Yin and Yang in the Warring States Period or its explanation of Yi, he took Yin and Yang as a philosophical category to explain the development of things. He also cited the hexagrams in Zhouyi to prove his point of view.
Zou Yan (top 305- top 240? ) A philosopher at the end of the Warring States Period, a representative of the Yin and Yang families, was born in Linzi, Qi (now northeast of Zibo, Shandong). With the concept of yin and yang as the core, the school of yin and yang and five elements was founded. His theory has a certain influence on the study of mathematical school. The theory of "five virtues begin at the end" later became the cornerstone of divination theory in the Western Han Dynasty.
Cai Ze was a debater in the Warring States Period. Yanren. After a close reading of Zhouyi, its Yi theory is influenced by Taoism and Yin and Yang, and the meanings in Zhouyi are explained by Yin and Yang news.
Guiguzi is said to be the ancestor of Chu people and military strategists in the Warring States period. There are different legends about the name. It is called Ghost Valley because it lives in Ghost Valley, and later generations are called Mr. Ghost Valley. He is good at self-cultivation and is listed as the teacher of Su Qin and Zhang Yi in Historical Records. His knowledge originated from the Book of Changes, based on Huang Lao's "mind skills", emphasizing internal and external gains and losses. Later, it evolved into the art of "reaction" and "thinking", which was dominated by strategists. Created all kinds of "magic" and "occultism" and passed them on to future generations. Today, the book Guiguzi has been handed down, which is a false trust to future generations.
Han Dynasty
Sima Yi was a great master of the Western Han Dynasty. Chu people. He studied in Chang 'an (now Xi, Shaanxi). He is proficient in divination and familiar with Zhouyi. He believes that divination is of great benefit, not only to the country, but also to the ministers to be loyal and filial, to save lives and bring them back to life. There are historical records and biographies of Japan.
Dong Zhongshu (179- 104) was a master of Confucian classics in the Western Han Dynasty and the founder of Neo-Confucianism in the Han Dynasty. His philosophy is the product of the combination of the theory of destiny and the theory of Yin-Yang and Five Elements.
Sean (? -the former 186) ovary. It was passed down as the father of the city (now southeast of Bozhou, Anhui). Liu Hou was founded in the Han Dynasty, and he, together with Xiao He, Han Xin and Chen Ping, was called four outstanding men in the early Han Dynasty. He loved the Book of Changes, was proficient in gossip and developed Taoism, and was praised by later generations as one of the great prophets who could pinch and calculate. It is said that he annotated Jiang Taigong's "Qian Kun Yu Ge".
Dong Fangshuo (154—— former 93) was a writer and master of literature in the Western Han Dynasty. There are many legends and they are regarded as "immortals". It is said that he once wrote Shu Shu Shu Jing in two volumes.
Kong Anguo, a scholar of the Western Han Dynasty. The gossip was written by Fuxi, who said, "The river map was written by Fu, and the dragon and horse went out of the river, so they wrote it to draw gossip. The people who wrote Luo Shu listed negative words at the back of Yu's flood control, ranging from a few to nine, so Yu was the first to succeed. " Shang Shu Hong Fan Chuan
Sima Tan:-Former 100) Historian and thinker of the Western Han Dynasty. Xia yang (now south of Hancheng, Shaanxi) was born. Father of Sima Qian. People think that gossip was written by Fuxi and hexagrams were written by King Wen. It is said that the Book of Changes does not make hexagrams wrong, nor does it stick to hexagrams. Wen You (on six key points).
Sima Qian: (former 145 or former 135-? Historians, thinkers and writers of the Western Han Dynasty. In the third year of Yuanfeng (before 108), his stepfather was appointed as Taishiling and began to record the history. He was convicted and imprisoned for defending Li Ling who surrendered to Xiongnu in court, and was punished for corruption. After he got out of prison, he worked as a secretary. It is an indignant work, Historical Records, which finally completed China's first biographical history book. There is also the study of Zhouyi, which advocates that "Fuxi is honest and easy to gossip" (Preface to Historical Records Taishigong), and that when King Wen was imprisoned, he emphasized hexagrams instead of sixty-four hexagrams.
Jiao Yanshou was a Yi scholar in the Western Han Dynasty. Specializing in Yi-ology, he once studied from Yi-ology, claiming to be an expert, and later taught Yi-ology and. He is good at explaining changes with catastrophes, paying attention to the later images, and it is easy to find out that there are others occupying the waiting school, which was there from the beginning. Lin Yi was written in sixteen volumes, but according to Yu Jiaxi's textual research, it was not written by Jiao Yanshou, but by Cui Zhuan, a Yi-ology scholar in the Eastern Han Dynasty.
Confucian scholars in the Western Han Dynasty were the pioneers of "Mencius" in the history of Confucian classics. Explaining the Book of Changes with the theory of Yin and Yang, so as to infer the change of climate and judge the quality of personnel, is an advocate of the theory of divination and qi in Hanshu. His "Zhang Yi Sentence" has been lost, but some of its easy-to-understand contents are preserved in the "Guayi" written by Tang Priest and his party. The characteristic of Yi-ology is to use the hexagrams in Zhouyi to explain the changes of solar terms in a year, that is, to use sixty-four hexagrams to match the four seasons, December, twenty-four solar terms and seventy-two seasons. This is the so-called "divination".
Fei Zhi, the pioneer of "Fei Xue" in the study of ancient Chinese in the Western Han Dynasty. Its Yi-ology first spread among the people and became the representative of the folk Yi-ology in ancient China.
Fang Jing (77- 37 BC) was the pioneer and legalist of Confucian Classics in the Western Han Dynasty. Jiao Yanshou, a disciple of Meng Ximen, once learned to talk about change and disaster. He regarded the Book of Changes as an ancient book for calculating good and bad luck, which created many styles of calculation and was famous for telling the art of calculation and waiting. In the explanation of accounting style, it further developed Meng Xi's theory of divinatory symbols and absorbed the theory of Yin-Yang and Five Elements at that time. Today, the Jing family has three volumes of the Book of Changes, and the rest have been lost.
Yang Xiong (53- 18) was a famous scholar and writer in the Western Han Dynasty. One is Yang Xiong. Influenced by Meng Qian and Jing Fang's Yi-ology, he once wrote Taixuan after the structure of Zhouyi. Taking "Xuan" as the foundation of all things in the universe, combining with the theory of Yin and Yang of Confucianism and Taoism, and using the knowledge of astronomical calendar at that time, this paper describes a world schema, and puts forward the views that "one husband and one author value its obedience to nature" and "quality cares about nature, and flowers care about personnel". People believe that there are nine stages in the development of everything, and even everything is hardened by nine stages. It is believed that there are "nine places" in the sky, "nine products" in people and "nine genera" in families. Another Analects of Confucius is Fa Yan, followed by Cang Xie Pian as Xun Bian, local dialect as Dialect, and Sima Xiangru's Zixu and Shanglin as Changyang Fu.
Fan Ying was a master of Yi-ology and mathematics in the Eastern Han Dynasty. Long-term seclusion, accepting lectures from disciples. Xi Shi Jing is easy to learn, familiar with the Five Classics, and good at wind angle, star calculation, seven latitudes of Heluo and pushing disasters. The book Zhang Yi Sentences will not be circulated today. It is also said that he made notes on Iraq, Wei Ji, Lan Tu and Iraq.
Zhang Heng (78- 139) was a writer and scientist in the Eastern Han Dynasty. There is a deep study of the Book of Changes, and it is believed that the Yi Wei was formed between Emperor Ai of Han Dynasty and Emperor Ping, which has been affirmed. It is also considered that Jiugong and Guaqi proposed in Yi Gan Wei Chiyu and Gankun Chiyu belong to the same category, which is a form of Guaqi and one of the occupation techniques. He also produced an astronomical work Lingxian in the image of Zhouyi. It correctly explained the cause of solar eclipse for the first time, and realized that the speed of planetary motion is related to the distance from the earth. The first relatively complete star map of China was drawn with 2,500 stars, and the world's earliest armillary sphere was made by using seismographs that rotate hydraulically and measure earthquakes.
Ma Rong (79- 166) was a scholar of the Eastern Han Dynasty. He has annotated Zhouyi, Shangshu, Shi Mao, Li San, The Analects of Confucius, The Book of Filial Piety, Laozi and Huainanzi many times. Absorbed the Qi theory of Meng and Jing Bagua, and explained the classics and biographies of Zhouyi. When we note Tai Chi, we can explain the number of big swallows with the theory of divinatory symbols. One of them is Tai Chi, which is not used. The Polaris is used to explain Tai Chi, and the climate change throughout the year explains its use in eighty-nine cases.
Wang Fu (85? -162) philosopher of the Eastern Han Dynasty. Cynicism, lifelong incompetence, seclusion, writing books, and high evaluation of current politics. He once combined Yi with Lao, and put forward the theory that Tao is the root of Qi. He explained the Tao in Laozi with the Taiji vitality in the Book of Changes, and thought that vitality was the root of everything in the world. It also includes activities such as divination, witchcraft, fortune telling and fortune telling.
Lang E, a Confucian scholar and scholar in the Eastern Han Dynasty, is one of the important figures to explain the disasters of Yin and Yang. I am familiar with Jing Fang Yi-ology, good at wind angle star calculation, and proficient in group classics. Shundi collected it and took advantage of the disaster. He quoted the Book of Changes to state seven cheap things and gave them to a doctor, who was later killed by Sun Li.
Zheng Xuan (27-200) was a master of Confucian classics at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, and he could easily learn from others. His writings are mainly based on China's ancient classic theory, and at the same time, he adopts China's modern classic theory, and integrates it into a master of Confucian classics in Han Dynasty, known as "Zheng Xue" in the world. He wrote Yi Lun and Yi Zan, etc., and annotated Zhouyi, Zhouyi Dry Chisel Degree (also known as Yi Wei Dry Chisel Degree and Dry Chisel Degree), Zhouyi Gankun Chisel Degree (also known as Gankun Chisel Degree) and Dry Elephant Calendar.
Xun Shuang (128- 190) was a Confucian scholar in the Eastern Han Dynasty. With Zheng Xuan, Yu Fan and other Ben Fuxi's "Ten Words Teaching", it is called the three schools of Yi Studies. Influenced by Mencius and Beijing School's Yi-ology, he used Eight Palaces and Flying Talent to solve Yi-ology. Although he dominated the theory of divinatory symbols, he did not use the theory of divinatory symbols to talk about the cataclysm of Yin and Yang. His interpretation of Yi belongs to his original creation and is a theory of dry voice. Xun Shuang not only explained the hexagrams and the two biographies of Xun and Xiang with the theory of ascending and descending, but also explained the basic principles of Zhouyi. It has become one of the contents of image mathematics in Chinese and Yi languages.
Zhong Song was a famous scholar in the Eastern Han Dynasty. Proficient in Zhouyi, Yi's interpretation takes the theory of intertextuality. In addition to Jieyi, he was also famous for annotating Yang Xiong's Taixuan at that time. He and Liu Biao * * * made five chapters and sentences. His works include nine volumes of Yi Zhu.
Liu Biao (142-208) was an official in the late Eastern Han Dynasty. When Han Xian was Emperor, he served as the secretariat of Jingzhou and advocated Confucian classics. I am also proficient in Zhouyi, and its easy learning is close to the cost. In the annotation of Yi, Yi has a close relationship with Zheng Xuan, and occasionally there are followers of Jing. His works include five volumes of Zhang Yi's sentences.
Xu is one of the authors of Zhouyi Shentongqi. People in the Eastern Han Dynasty lived in the middle of the second century. Tang and Liu Zhigu quoted "The Xuan Book of the Sun and Moon": "Mr. Xuanguang said: Xu is engaged in imitating dragon and tiger astronomy, writing the first half of the magical power to convey Wei Jun, and Wei Jun writes a novella to communicate with the book of Spring Rain, and the book shows the way of three talents in the second half." The preface to Rong Zi's lost article says: "The spirit sheep turned to the mountain Xu in Kongtong, and Xu turned to the spring" ... The third volume was written by Chun, and the first two volumes were reinterpreted, and the suspicion was turned to Wei Jun ".In the name of Yin Changsheng's annotation, the preface said," The person who covered the appointment was the ancient Dragon and Tiger Classic. This, Xu Zhenren, engaged in Qingzhou, is also a native of Beihai (now Changle, Shandong). Later, due to Wei Boyang's invasion, Wu Xianglei was founded to solve the previous chapter and changed to Shen Tong Qi. There is even an uncle Yu Chun. Make up for it ... relatives Xu Junshu, learn this. "
Chunyu Shu Tong is one of the authors of Zhouyi Shentongqi. Liang Tao Hongjing's book "Zhen Hao Ji Shen Shu" says: "There is a law enforcement officer in Dinglu House, who is sincere, and his uncle is obvious. The examiner has a proper way. Hey, I will collect Shangyu people. During the reign of Emperor Huan of the Han Dynasty (147- 167), Xuzhou County made an order ... Later, he went to Wumushan to live in seclusion. When you meet a fairy car, you will get a single crystal of Hongjing and practice the Tao. " (Original Note): "Yi Shen") Cloud: During the reign of Emperor Huan, Uncle Chunyu of Shangyu was engaged in surgery in Qingzhou Xu, looking up at the dry elephant to cope with the disaster and effectively verifying the number of people.