Cultivation of Peony in Luoyang
Choose sandy loam with dry sun, deep soil layer, good drainage and no continuous cropping for 4 ~ 5 years; Newly reclaimed land is often ploughed to a depth of about 60 cm, completely weathered, and 45,000 to 60,000 kilograms of organic fertilizer is applied per hectare. When preparing the soil, the ridge with the width of1.5m should be prepared, which is turtle-backed, and the drainage of the ditch must be smooth. Saline-alkali land, clay land or plots with high groundwater level are not suitable for planting. ? breeding method
Seed propagation and ramet propagation are adopted.
(1) The seed propagation coefficient is large, but it takes a long time to grow seedlings, so it can't keep the excellent characters of parents.
① Peony seedlings can be treated with 1% gibberellin for 48 hours, or the hypocotyl dormancy can be released at a low temperature of about 5℃, and they will be unearthed in the spring of the following year after sowing. According to the row spacing of 20 cm, the spacing between plants is 6 cm, the soil is about 3 cm, and the boundary is covered with grass.
(2) After transplanting and sowing for two years, it is necessary to remove seedlings and resolutely remove sick, disabled and thin plants, especially those with root-knot nematodes. Select seedlings in two levels according to the size, each seedling requires 3-4 branches, and the excessively long roots should be cut to the depth of the hole, and planted at a row spacing of 30 cm, with 65,438+0-2 plants per hole, and the roots should be stretched. Cover the terminal bud with about 3 cm of soil.
③ Direct seeding production generally adopts sowing and transplanting. In recent years, direct seeding has been used in some places, and the row spacing between plants is the same as when seedlings are transplanted. The advantage of direct seeding is that the rhizome is long and straight, so it can also obtain better yield.
(2) Breeding by ramets Choose healthy mother plants of four to five years old, dig up the whole plant when harvesting, cut off large and medium roots for medicine, cut off 2-4 plants from places where plants are easy to be ramed, and transplant them at 9- 1 1 month, and it is better to plant them early. Before planting, dig the soil 60 cm deep, apply 90,000 Jin of base fertilizer per hectare, furrow and divide ridges, plant spacing 25 cm× 35 cm, plant obliquely in each hole 1 plant, and cover the soil 3 ~ 4 cm.
(3) Grafting can keep the excellent characters of the mother plant, but the propagation coefficient is small. In autumn, select 5-6-year-old rootstocks with a length of 15cm and a diameter of 2-3cm, dig out the rootstocks, put them in the shade for 2-3 days, and use them after softening. The scion should be full-grown, smooth branches with short internodes, with 1 ~ 2 full buds. After the rootstock and scion cambium are closely combined, they are bound with hemp skin and other things. ? Tiantuan management
(1) After weeding in spring, intertillage combined with weeding for many times can prevent root damage and cultivate soil in winter, which is beneficial to root growth.
(2) Apply sufficient manure or manure when fertilizing and transplanting, especially in autumn. Generally, 6000 kg of human manure and rapeseed cake fertilizer 1500 kg are applied per hectare to prevent leaf fouling.
(3) Picking flowers Every spring, after the buds appear, they should be picked. Except for special purposes such as seed storage and flower sales.
(4)? Plastic pruning includes fixing the stem, removing soil buds and picking buds. ? Precautions Peony is cold-resistant and heat-resistant. In East China and Central China, you can spend the winter in the open air. When the temperature reaches 4℃, the bud begins to expand gradually. Suitable temperature: 16~20℃, no flowering below 16℃. When the weather is hot in summer, plants are in a semi-dormant state. ?