What is the history of Heyuan Longchuan?
Longchuan County is located in the northeast of Guangdong Province, upstream of Dongjiang River and Hanjiang River, bordering Meizhou, Shantou and Shaoguan in the east, Jiangxi in the north and the Pearl River Delta in the south. The county covers an area of 3,089 square kilometers, governs 25 towns, has a population of 900,000, and has a long history of 330,000 overseas Chinese and compatriots from Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan. Longchuan county was established in 2 14 BC.
Hakka Yuanyuan
The so-called Hakka refers to the Han nationality in the Central Plains, originally from Henan, who moved south during the Eastern Jin War and began to become a resident group with a "special identity". In the subsequent migration, they gradually formed today's unique Hakka family.
Hakka clan is a branch of Han nationality in China.
The most obvious feature of Hakka people is that they can speak Hakka dialect, which is one of the eight major dialects of the Han nationality.
In history, the Hakkas have moved south five times, with time delay 1500 years.
The first great migration was in AD 3 17-879, when Emperor Huaidi of the Eastern Jin Dynasty came to power. Because the northwest minorities invaded the Central Plains, the situation of "Five Wild China" which had a far-reaching influence on the Han nationality was formed, and many officials and people in the Central Plains also crossed the Yellow River to the south.
In order to avoid confusion with the original household registration, these new household registration are called "guests".
This is the first time that the word "guest" has appeared in China Citizen Travel Service.
The second great migration was from 880 to 1 126.
At the end of the Tang Dynasty, Huang Chao sent troops for an uprising, and the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms caused chaos in the world. Hakka ancestors moved from Anhui and Jiangxi to southern Jiangnan, northwestern Fujian and northern Guangdong.
The third great migration was in the period of 1 127- 1644. Jin and Yuan invaded one after another and crossed the river to the south. During this process, many Hakkas were lucky enough to participate in the Wang Qin War to defend the Song Dynasty and resist the Yuan soldiers.
After the death of the Song Dynasty, they had to retreat to more remote eastern and northern Guangdong.
The fourth great migration was from 1645- 1843. In order to win the hearts and minds of the south, Emperor Kangxi gave 8 taels of silver to every man and 4 taels to women and children, and encouraged Hakkas to move to Sichuan, Guangxi and Taiwan Province provinces.
Comrade Zhu De's ancestors, who have always been proud of Hakkas, moved from Shaoguan to Sichuan in this migration.
The fifth great migration took place after 1866, at the end of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom Movement.
Hong Xiuquan, leader of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, is a Hakka. After the failure of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, many Hakkas moved to the remote south and even overseas areas such as Southeast Asia under the pressure of the Qing Dynasty.
At present, there are about 45 million Hakkas in the world.
There are 40 million people in China and about 5 million people abroad.
Overseas Hakkas are widely distributed, especially in Southeast Asia. Singapore's Lee Kuan Yew and internationally renowned writer Han are both Hakkas.
There are 17 provinces and 185 cities and counties in China where Hakkas live in concentrated communities. Among them, there are 50 pure Hakka counties where Hakkas account for more than 95%, and the most concentrated places are Gannan, Minnan and northern Guangdong.
There are more than 20 million Hakkas in Guangdong, accounting for nearly 30% of the province's total population, including Chunke County 15.
Heyuan, as a pure Hakka area in Dongjiang River Basin, the earliest Hakka ancestors can be traced back to the Qin Dynasty.
In 2 14 BC, after Qin Shihuang pacified South Vietnam, in order to further develop Lingnan, Tusui, Ren Tao and Zhao Tuo were sent to station 500,000 troops, and hundreds of thousands of "sinners" were also ordered to be sent to Lingnan.
Zhao Tuo was the county magistrate of Longchuan and then the king of South Vietnam.
The residents of Longchuan, whose surnames are Zhao, Wei, Guan and Ren, are the first people from the Central Plains to enter Longchuan and live together with local aborigines.
However, as the time when the Hakkas migrated to Heyuan on a large scale, it should be pushed back to the third migration period of Hakkas, that is, 1 127- 1644.
In the long historical process, Heyuan people have been inheriting the excellent traditional virtues and humanistic spirit of Hakka people.
The folk song culture in Meixian County, Guangdong Province is unique.
Dongjiang Hakka dishes in Heyuan are more distinctive.