Miao Wushu events
To practice Miao boxing, we should have key songs and boxing scores.
The main point of the song dynasty is to tell people the problems that should be paid attention to when practicing, such as: "the eye is the detective, the heart is the command, and the skill is the pursuit", "the head is as strong as the sky, and the hand reaches the chest; Shoulders must hang down, and the waist is like a column; The height must be measured, and the elbow should be between your fingers. When you knock on your knee, you must lean inward and your sword will stick out. Inhale through the nose and mouth and expose the abdomen under the breath. " Another example is to practice duet tactics: "Elbows are like lightning, you should lean back, knees flash to both sides, and stretch out to compete with apes." Then enter the body to be biased and look down "; Take the lead and follow your feet, stand in the center at the speed of walking, grab four positions with your feet in the middle door, and it is difficult for your elbows to get together. " Plan your hand, choose a few hands, and don't mess around unless you play the cards. "Another example is defensive tactics:" Knives avoid the blade, sticks avoid the front, forks avoid the three points, and shovels avoid the bow. "
When practicing boxing, you have a boxing score, so you can sing and fight at the same time. For example, the boxing spectrum of the small four gates of the Shishi in Jinniu Village is like this: "King Kong pounded the cymbals, left and right paws, rushed the bow, the beauty combed her hair, Yuanyang legs, egrets stretched her legs, fists stepped forward, left and right paws rushed the bow, chopped her hands left and right, the beauty combed her hair, shook her feet, and squatted before fists.
There is a kind of pliers in Xiangxi, which is called "boxing to divide fruit" in Miao language. Originated from Shijia, Jinniu Village, the fist moves primitive and the posture is fierce. There are four types of hands in boxing:
The phrase "grasping the cangue vertebra" is translated into Chinese as "pliers hand". This hand is like a crab's front paw. Its hand shape is to put the index finger, middle finger, ring finger and little finger on it together, with the thumb down and the second and third knuckles hooked. If this hand is practiced well, whoever grasps the main part of the pulse is most likely to hurt someone. How to use it is: "pliers hold half a hand, which is a danger on the inch scale." Catch people shaking hands and shaking meat, pulse injury and blood blocking the body, cold and hot. "
The second one is "crossing Mo Dou", which is translated as "hook sickle hand". It is named because the hand looks like a sickle. First stretch the palm, then straighten the four fingers, then fold the four fingers into the palm side by side, forming a 1200 with the palm, and press the second and third finger fractures with the thumb. The usage formula is: "fist palm attacks chest, hook sickle wrings wrist." Hook your hand sideways and wipe the beads on your back. "
Three characters: "Guo Zhuan", translated as "Pig's Foot Hammer" in Chinese, are deformed by hooked hands, that is, the index finger, middle finger, ring finger and little finger are all curled into a fist shape, and the fingers are directly pressed against the bends of the second and third phalanges of the index finger, and the fingertips are slightly tilted, flush with the index finger and protruding from the lower phalanx.
4. The "old between countries" is translated into Chinese as "nail hammer". The fist shape is that the four fingers are curled together to the palm, and then the thumb is pressed against the third bone of the index finger and the middle finger, and the ring finger and the little finger are extended. The tips of the ring finger and the little finger are close to the heart of the fist.
The above two techniques are mainly used to deal with the opponent's qigong, and it is impossible to defeat the opponent's gas defense with flat boxing. Therefore, we should act according to circumstances immediately and quickly turn our fists into pig's hooves to fight kung fu, so as to achieve the goal of winning each other. Its usage formula is: "The opponent's qigong practice has roots, and his hand and fist can't hurt his body. It is most effective to hammer with pig's trotters according to points. Pain will be vented and strength will be weak. "
In Huayuan area, besides Chiyou Boxing, there is also a kind of cut-off boxing with tailor scissors and iron ruler as weapons.
The basic action of cut-to-length boxing is to hold scissors in the right hand, which can hook, box, hold, cut, point and poke. The left-handed latte ruler can split, pick, poke, etc. , boxing spectrum is as follows:
First, the vertical ruler cuts, the swallow wears the beam, cuts Mount Tai, and the crow bites the wrist; Cut the snake naked, measure Huashan with your feet, and Chun Yan cut the willow with your feet to subdue the demon.
Second, whirlwind waves, thunder and lightning, beheading and twisting the princess, weaving girl waving a pestle, breaking the ground, borrowing soldiers from Chiyou, Kuafu chasing the sun, Nezha moving, hot wheels moving; Shuanglong twisted column, silver needle explored the sea; Golden roosters peck at pearls, and the sun and the moon are bright.
Three, the monkey jumped into the stream, turned over the seal, kicked Huashan, Qinglong came out of the hole, Shuang'er grabbed the milk and banged the bell. Lion dance is one of the most popular and favorite traditional sports in Miao area. If the Chinese New Year is celebrated in the first month, on April 8th, catching up with autumn, climbing the knife ladder and thorn cattle, the descendants of all villages will take part in the lion dance. With the simple and lively idea of gongs and drums, the majestic lions with colorful patterns glared at each other, or flashed or jumped, suddenly raised their hooves and hissed, suddenly gritted their teeth and cracked their mouths, and rushed from all directions to the place where it was hot to go out (Miao language called mass cultural and sports activities).
The lion dance of Miao nationality has a long history. It is said that the Miao people lived in deep mountains and forests in ancient times, and hunting was their very important production activity. Once, an old hunter led a young hunter to hunt in the mountains. In the dense forest, he met a group of tigers that pounced on the hunters fiercely. After the arrow was shot, the powder was exhausted, so he had to fight the tiger with a short knife or with his bare hands. At this critical juncture, a pair of lions suddenly jumped out of the forest, and several of them jumped up and down, singing like thunder. Some tigers were killed and some escaped injured. The lion saved Camus hunter without giving him a lion's skin, and told him to learn to jump and roar like tigers and demons in the future, so that he could avoid disaster. Since then, Miao people regard lions as sacred objects. Usually on holidays, those strong young people put on their own lion skins, learn to do somersaults, scream and roar, and walk from house to house to show that they can exorcise evil spirits, congratulate the happy holidays and make the Miao family happy.
Now the lion dance is tied by the Miao people themselves. The lion's head is shaped with lime slurry, and the nose and eyes are painted with colored pens. The lower lip can move up and down. The fur on the lion is made of colorful cloth and dyed ramie woven by Miao people themselves. When dancing the lion, one person dances the lion's head, one person dances the lion's body, and one person wants to "treasure", which requires the cooperation of dozens or even hundreds of people. In front of them, ten pairs, eight pairs or even twenty or thirty pairs of Miao people were "armed to the teeth". Armed with sticks, knives, sticks, guns and other equipment, they opened the way in front and performed various moves of Miao Wushu while walking, with uniform and magnificent movements. Followed by the "treasure" warriors, they stretch their graceful movements and hold up the "treasure" to attract lions out of the mountain. Behind the lion is a "Lohan" wearing a mask and holding a big cattail leaf fan. He does some funny actions from time to time, which is very pleasing. Finally, there are teams of gongs, drums, cymbals and suona, which are played all the way. The lively symphony can go around the mountain for miles. In Huayuan Miao family, no matter adults or children, as long as they hear familiar music, they will know: "The lion is coming." This is different from the Han and Miao nationalities in other places.
The routine of lion dance varies from venue to venue. Generally speaking, there are lions coming out of the forest, lions rolling the ball, lions worshiping heaven and earth, lions worshiping the Five Dragons, lions going to Wo Longge and lions retiring from the hall. The steps are: forward three, backward three, rotation, jumping and so on. The lion dance pays the most attention to the coordination of movements and tacit cooperation, so that the lion dance will be lifelike.
The highlight of the lion dance is the lion contest and the lion turning over the table. These two projects are generally held in the central venue. The home team intends to set up a competition ring and invite the visiting team to perform for the audience. Sometimes lions from other villages are invited to visit the village, but they cannot be invited explicitly. It has to be achieved through a very interesting program "catching lions".
"Grab the lion" should be carried out in public, while the visiting team is unprepared, grab the lion's head, body or gongs and drums. Experienced home teams often take the form of one pass and pass it down immediately after grabbing it. The action of "catching the lion" is very fierce. You fight with me, rock climbing and hurdles, which is better than foreign football. The pure and strong friendship of Miao people actually lies in this "unfriendly" "struggle".
After the invitation is successful, there will be a "contest" between the visiting team and the home team. The host has several hurdles, such as drilling a circle of fire, crossing a trench and jumping off a table.
"Jumping on the table" (Miao language means "paddling a few swings") is an activity that is more skill than courage. There are three types: "paddling in the middle", "along the corner" and "along the middle". Winning the bid means putting three or even five big dining tables on the lawn. When jumping, it's like vaulting horse. After the run-up and take-off, hold down the table with both hands and jump over, but don't move your hands on the table. The other is that the hand can move. In this way of jumping, the whole body is almost upside down after the feet are airborne. With the impact of body weight, hands quickly cross forward. Some experts in this jumping method can jump over seven large dining tables.
Another way to jump is to follow the corner. Along the corner is to grab a corner of the big dining table with both hands and use the support of both hands to jump off the corner. Along the middle is the midpoint of the table edge with both hands. After the jump, you have to cross the edge of the table at 1800, which is more difficult than following the corner. Generally, people jump from right to left along the corner. Skilled people can also jump backwards, that is, jump from left to right.
Jumping on the table is risky, and occasionally the feet are not coordinated and bruised, but the Miao family doesn't care anymore. They wipe the wound with saliva, and then jump those higher and more difficult movements.
In table jumping, if the visiting team can jump over anything that the home team jumps over, then the visiting team wins. They can waltz from the table amid people's cheers. If the visiting team's art is poor, they will climb under the table. Such "candidly admit defeat" often wins a burst of warm applause.
"Lion Climbing" is the last challenge of the home team to the visiting team, and it is also the climax of the Miao lion dance. When the visiting team broke through the war, the home team used more than 20 large dining tables, of which 37 were piled up into a "table mountain" and six or eight were piled up in a pagoda shape. The top one fell on its feet, and the height exceeded 15 meters. Under the guidance of the "Treasure" player, the visiting lion got out from the bottom of the table, climbed over the table, and climbed up in an S shape.
"Treasure" soldiers and lions climbed to the highest point of Table Mountain. After performing, the samurai stood up and turned over, fell from the table 15 meters high and stood firmly on the ground. The lion who has climbed to the top of the table will step on the four feet of the top table to turn around, turn around, stretch forward, lean back, stand, watch the sun, shake his hair, scratch, jump and worship. It is dangerous and exciting, attracting the exclamation of thousands of viewers. Finally, the lion jumped lightly from the table, rolled twice after landing and jumped to the ground. The lion dancer unveiled the "lion skin" and raised his hand to greet the audience. Their bodybuilding figure and superb technology ushered in bursts of applause and cheers.
After the lion dance comes to an end, the host will set off firecrackers to welcome guests to dinner, and he will take out mellow "Bao Gu Shao", white glutinous rice cake and delicious sour fish for warm reception.
Except for some large-scale activities, Miao families do not have the custom of dancing lions for the New Year. When the new year lion comes, the host will set off firecrackers and prepare red strips of cloth and gifts, usually cigarettes and cakes. When the lion enters the room, he will congratulate his master and then perform a program. After the performance, the lion wants to get a gift from his master. These gifts are usually hung high, some on pillows and some on trees in the yard. However, no matter how high it is, it will not be difficult for these young Miao people. Most people can take a ladder. If it is too high, they will take their heads off or tie their feet. Tie the sticks used in martial arts into a cross, connect the sticks up according to the required height, let people hold the cross-shaped sticks, and then build a ladder, so that the lion can climb up from the shoulders of people. Gifts tied to six or seven meters high are readily available to them. "Dragon Dance" is called "Dance Ring" by Miao people. According to legend, Pujie, the ancestor of Miao nationality, is a dragon, so Miao people think they are descendants of the dragon. At present, the worship and respect of dragons by the Miao people in Huayuan is still a universal concept, so they regard dragons as auspicious and rich gods. On festive days, dragons should always be chosen, and Tommy Tam, roof beams and bridge columns in Long Mai should be chosen to build houses and graves, all of which are carved with dragons and painted with phoenix. Dragon dancing is also a favorite sport of Miao people in Huayuan.
"Dragon Dance" is usually held from the third day to the fifteenth day of the first month, and sometimes large-scale festivals also hold "Dragon Dance" activities. The faucet is made of bamboo, pasted with colored paper, painted with longan and made with dragon whiskers. Dragon is a thin cylinder, a long dragon body woven by Miao family, with dragon forest painted on the cloth. The Miao dragon is divided into three colors: yellow, white and flower, with 339 knots at the beginning and 3927 knots at the longest.
In order to organize forty or fifty people for the Miao dragon dance, three or four pairs of lanterns must be arranged first, followed by fish, shrimp, mussels and butterflies, symbolizing that the dragon leaves the palace and is accompanied by fish. The dragon first passes through a big red ball to clear the way. In the sound of gongs and drums, the dragon shook its head and wagged its tail, crossed mountains and forests, walked from village to village, and firecrackers rang everywhere.
"Dragon Dance" is a sport with a lot of exercise. It is really difficult for people with weak physical strength to shoulder the heavy responsibility of dancing dragons. As soon as the faucet is swung, a dozen or even dozens of people in the dragon will change their formations according to the routine of "Dragon coming out of the hole", "Dragon watching", "Dragon turning around", "Dragon holding the column", "Dragon grabbing the treasure", "Dragon playing in the water" and "Dragon returning to the sea". You chase me, sometimes turn over and sometimes take off. After a dragon dance, the descendants of the Miao family often sweat profusely.
"Dragon Dance" is about "burning dragons" from the 13th to 15th of the first month. On this day, hundreds of spectators prepared fireworks and homemade gunpowder in advance, and put the gunpowder into three or four feet long bamboo tubes. When the dragon paddock danced, it began to light the fuse, and fireworks and firecrackers sprayed directly at the dragon. In order to show off their physique, skills and brave spirit, some warriors who want dragons take off their coats and face the burning fireworks and gunpowder with bare arms, swinging and tossing with the faucet according to the setting of their feet. At this time, the "dragon juggler" should also light the gun tube prepared in advance at the dragon's head and tail. The dragon sprays fireworks in the somersault dance, and the whole scene is full of sparks. When the dragon rolled, the youth gate of "playing with the dragon" gave out shouts. Amid the laughter and laughter on and off the court, the Miao family enthusiastically "sent the dragon back to the sea", ending the annual "Playing the Year Dragon" activity. The most famous in Mu Tong Village of Lianghe Township is the Miao Qigong Team.
This martial arts team was born in Daoniu Village, which is located on the mountainside of Motianling, more than1200m. The terrain is very important. Thirty or forty families living here are all surnamed Ma.
Ma Shengzhen, the master of Qigong in this village, practiced the ancestral Qigong stunt, and his apprentice was Ma Xingsi, who practiced Qigong most seriously and had excellent kung fu. He once took the Qigong team to perform in the border region of Hunan, Sichuan and Guizhou, and also performed in the provincial capital and Shenzhen with the county stunt group, which was well received.
They performed the following procedures:
"Broken Stone": Four brand-new blue bricks are firmly pressed on the performer's chin, and the other four firebricks are also firmly pressed on his head. A young man, a bit like a tiger, waved a sledgehammer weighing eight catties with his hands, stared at his round eyes, held his breath, and clung to a brick. The time stopped, and a pile of bricks fell one after another, leaving the performer's head and chin intact.
"Barely lying steel nails": There are many sharp nails nailed to two big wooden boards. The performer lay naked on one of them and pressed the other on it. Four big men carried a big stone of 200-300 Jin and put it on the board above. One by one, the big guys waved sledgehammers and repeatedly smashed stones until the big stones fell to the ground, but the performers caught in the middle by nails were very calm.
"Cut the stone by hand": The performer picks up a powerful green stone with the thickness of the bowl mouth and holds it tightly in his left hand. After the qigong of his right hand was started, the stone was cut off with an instant "hi".
Finger-to-finger: The performer puts a shiny black blue brick on the ground with his hands, and his fingers are lucky enough to plunge into the blue brick. After a wisp of smoke, there is a big hole in the brick, even with a steel drill, it is definitely not so fast.
"Gas-cut steel wire": Choose two strong men, holding chopsticks-sized steel wire and tightly winding the performer's whole body. The performer was calm and relaxed, and exerted all his strength. Only when he hears the sound of "hmm" will the steel wire fall to the ground.
If you are light-skinned: performers should have good flying skills. Fix both ends of a piece of tissue paper on a wooden frame. After delivering enough air, 100 kg Miao people stood on the paper with their feet, and the paper was intact. Four eggs or four pieces of white tofu are placed on the four corners of the table, and the performer walks back and forth on the eggs or tofu as if walking back and forth.
In addition to the above programs, there are cars passing by, belly cutting vegetables, belly cutting firewood, spear stabbing throat and steel fork lying naked. The Miao people call it "Guo", which means a knife with a hook. This is an instrument that combines martial arts. The knife is about 2.5 feet long, with hook and handle, and the handle is 8 feet long. Generally, green steel wood is used, which is as heavy as iron. This kind of knife is often polished and found to be cold on the shoulder.
Usually, this kind of knife can be used to cut small bamboo strips and wooden strips. You can cut a piece with one knife and reach it with your hands, especially without hurting your hands. Before liberation, Miao people used to take hooks and knives as self-defense weapons when they went out for a walk. In case of wolves, tigers and leopards, it can be used to fight wild animals and bad people. The hook knife can cut, hook, lift, block, knock and poke, which is very convenient. Bamboo dart Miao language is called "shooting music", which was created by Miao uprising leaders during the reign of Ganjia. This kind of bamboo dart is made by dividing an old bamboo in the mountains with a length of 10 feet and 78 feet into long strips thinner than chopsticks, coating it with 12 or 16 strips of soil paint, tying it into a handful, winding it with hemp rope, coating it with a layer of soil paint, and mounting the spear head, thus becoming a "bamboo dart".
Bamboo darts have many characteristics. A Qing writer Yan Ruyu has a saying: "The old bamboo in the forest is dense and firm, soft and healthy. Thieves and bandits (slanders to Miao people) cut down and made spears, 10 feet long. When you refuse to resist, a thousand spears will stab you, and a short knife will cut you, making you soft and not dominated by the blade. " It can be seen that bamboo darts are strong and flexible, and swords are not easy to cut. Although it is 10 feet long, it can be rolled into a circle when not in use. When in use, it will bounce straight when released, and the hands can be twisted and stabbed far. Miao language is called "how to shoot" (meaning to twist the rod); You can also apply a flower dart with one hand. Miao people call it "ancient village" (meaning dart). Yan said, "The former spear, the latter has arrived. If the thief is weak, pull it out and abandon the rod. He will flee to other places and cut bamboo as a pole. " Darts are like arrows, which are extremely difficult to prevent and powerful. Moreover, bamboo is everywhere in Miao areas, and bamboo darts can be made everywhere. Strict records prove that the bamboo darts used in Ganjiamiao uprising have been put into practice, and the Qing soldiers have suffered a lot for it. Jiuzi Whip is a soft weapon, which is popular in Masuchang town. It combines the characteristics of single and double stars and rope whip, and was used by Miao people in Ganjia Uprising.
Jiuzi Whip consists of a whip head, a whip tail and nine two-foot-long steel chains with bamboo tubes. When in use, the movable bamboo tube is held in the right hand and the whip tail is held in the left hand, swinging around the figure of eight, and winding, winding, sweeping, shaking, rolling, pulling, pulling and other actions are carried out. With the help of the shaking force of the right wrist and the coordination of all joints in the body, Jiuzi flew like a thunder bee: "Jiuzi flies, and the enemy is hard to prevent." From the perspective of martial arts, bypassing the eight characters includes advancing and retreating, attacking and defending, and blocking. As a retreat, it desperately blocked its own front. As long as the enemy attacks from the front, it can hit the enemy's head, other doors, chest and hands, and can also be used to force the other party to change their posture and regard the other party as taking advantage of the change. The whipping tactics are: "Make a straight line, whip the head to the chest, spin the hand to split Huashan, and the yellow dragon wraps around the waist." The main strokes are: ancient tree packing, dragon wind rolling dust, python winding around the waist, fairy rope covering the neck, fairy scattering flowers, tree trunk pulling, nine planets covering the top and so on. Octagonal Gull is a portable soft musical instrument. Miao language is the name of a poisonous snake. It is a one-meter-long hemp rope composed of eight or twelve strands of small hemp rope, which is strung into a snake-shaped soft object with thumb-long iron pipes. Don't wear it on the waistband at ordinary times. When you use it, take it off the waistband, put the grommet on the little finger of your right hand, and go out from the tiger's mouth with the rope in your palm. When dancing, there are twists, splits, points and sweeps.