Dangyang weather in Yichang
Jingzhou? This name comes from Xia Shuyu's tribute in Shangshu, which was written in the fifth century BC, that is, the word Jingzhou first appeared in Confucian classics in the early Spring and Autumn Period, and the scope of Jingzhou was determined.
First, the origin of Jingzhou
Jingzhou comes from Jingshan Mountain, because the south of Jingshan Mountain is called Jingzhou. Jingshan Mountain is a mountain with a long history in Hubei Province, which is located in Shennongjia East, Xiangyang West, Wudang Mountain South and Yichang City North. There is a widely circulated story. It is said that a man named Bian He found a piece of rough jade in Jingshan. He gave it to the king of Chu twice, but no one knew the goods. King Chu also cut off Bian He's foot.
Jingzhou city
The origin of the name of Jingzhou is named after Jingshan, which is the scenery of Jingshan. Jingzhou was an administrative region in ancient times. According to legend, Dayu divided the world into Kyushu, namely: Jizhou, Yanzhou, Qingzhou, Xuzhou, Yangzhou, Yuzhou, Liangzhou, Yongzhou and Jingzhou. Jingzhou is one of the ancient Kyushu, which is the earliest record about Jingzhou.
Second, the scope of Jingzhou, one of the ancient Kyushu.
In Shangshu, the general geographical scope of Jingzhou is defined. It must be noted that Jingzhou mentioned in Shangshu is a first-class administrative region, which is equivalent to today's province. Shangshu also said: South of Jingshan Mountain and Hengshan Mountain is Jingzhou, and Hengshan Mountain is one of the five mountains, which is located in Hengyang City, Hunan Province. In this way, Jingzhou, one of the ancient Kyushu, almost covers all of Hubei Province and Hunan Province today.
Shangshu also recorded the landforms and specialties of ancient Jingzhou:
Ancient Kyushu
The Yangtze River and Hanshui River rushed to the ocean like the prince facing the emperor, and the water system of Dongting Lake was thus settled. After hydrophobic diving, Yunmengze area can be cultivated. The soil here is wet mud, the field here is grade eight, and Fu is grade three. Tributes here include feathers, oxtail, ivory, rhinoceros skin, gold, silver, copper, Toona sinensis, Zheshu, juniper, cypress, coarse grindstone, fine grindstone, arrowhead stone, cinnabar, fine bamboo wood and cedar.
It can be seen from here that the Yangtze River and Hanshui River are the main rivers in ancient Jingzhou, including Dongting Lake, Tuoshui and diving. Dongting Lake is the origin of the boundary line and name between Hubei Province and Hunan Province today. It is impossible to know which river it is by holding water and diving. Yunmengze is a general term that refers to a large area with many rivers, lakes, swamps, mountains and plains. It starts from Dabie Mountain in the east of Wuhan. West to Yichang City, Hubei Province, north to Zhongxiang City and jingshan county City, Hubei Province, south to the south of the Yangtze River. It can be seen that Yunmengze has covered the whole Jianghan Plain.
The Status of Jingzhou in Hubei Province
Hubei province is known as the province of thousands of lakes, and Yunmengze is the core. In this geographical area, there are thousands of different lakes, large and small. Such abundant water resources have created a lot of cultivated land, so Hubei is also one of the main rice producing areas. At the same time, because of its abundant water resources, the soil here is moist.
Judging from the tributes, there are at least three kinds of animals mainly produced in ancient Jingzhou: yak (a kind of yak), elephant and rhinoceros. If nothing else, let's talk about elephants. Elephants are tropical animals, which shows that the weather in ancient Jingzhou was hot and suitable for elephants to survive, which is very different from the climate in Hubei Province today. Today, Hubei Province has four distinct seasons. It snows in winter and is very hot in summer, and it is located at the junction of north and south.
Third, the Chu culture in Jingzhou.
Jingzhou is one of the cradles of Chu culture. It is said that Chu originated in Danyang, which is one of the reasons for Zhechuan County in Henan Province today. This place is at the junction of Hubei Province, Henan Province and Shaanxi Province. Xiong Yi, the king of Chu, was sealed in Danyang by Zhou Chengwang. The time is about 1030 BC. At the beginning of the founding of Chu, it was only 50 miles, when it was still a wilderness.
Centigrade thermal unit
Until 689 BC, King Wen of Chu moved the capital to Ying (now Jinan, Jingzhou). After that, Jingzhou, Hubei Province was called Ying Capital for more than 400 years. The 400-year history of Chu as the capital of Ying is a rapid expansion, from 50 miles to 5,000 miles. As the capital of Chu State, Yingdu played an important role.
Chu culture is actually the product of the combination of Central Plains culture and barbarian culture. The early Chu State was called Chu People by Zhou people, on the one hand, because it was remote and far from the Central Plains, and on the other hand, because there were a large number of barbarians and Sanmiao tribes around Chu State. If Chu wants to expand outward, it must fight against barbarians, so it is necessary to defeat them, assimilate them and become the territory of Chu. In its heyday, the territory of Chu expanded to today's 1 1 province.
Chu culture is a very tolerant culture. Chu was not divided into Jin by three clans like Jin, nor was it replaced by Tianqi like Qi. Instead, it has been developing steadily. From the initial viscount country, it developed into a powerful country with the largest land area and the largest population during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, second only to Qin State. The territory of Chu State has expanded 100 times, which is amazing, relying on the spirit of continuous progress and inclusiveness.
Why did Chu choose Ying Capital as its capital?
Jingzhou city
This is determined by Chu's development plan. Danyang was sealed at the beginning of Chu, and the northern part was Jin, Qin and other big countries. Due to the limitation of terrain, it can only develop southward. The Yangtze River basin is the most vast in the south, and Jianghan Plain is the most fertile in the Yangtze River basin. The core of Jiang Hanping's presence is Jingzhou City, Hubei Province, where the capital is located. It is a land of fish and rice, which can carry a large population and has development prospects.
Jingzhou has been the core area of Chu for a long time, so a word named Jingchu was formed, which means that Chu lived in Jingzhou and formed a special term containing culture and geography. This word was not invented at the earliest, and it was recorded in the ancient book Yanwu in the pre-Qin period: Jingchu, a Uighur woman, lived in the south of the country. It means: you, a remote place in Jingchu, have lived in Jiangnan for a long time. Now Jingchu refers to Hubei Province, and has formed a unique Jingchu culture. Yangchun Baixue and Xialiba people represent the literature and art of Chu culture.
Fourth, Jingzhou's Three Kingdoms culture.
Jingzhou was more famous during the Three Kingdoms period. As one of the thirteen states in the world at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Jingzhou at that time included southern Henan Province, all of Hubei Province, all of Hunan Province, western Jiangxi Province, Guangdong Province and northern Guangxi. Its territory is quite large and it is a first-class administrative region. At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Jingzhou originally belonged to Hanshou County, Hunan Province. After Liu Biao took charge of Jingzhou, he moved to Xiangyang City, Hubei Province.
Three kingdoms Jingzhou
Jingzhou, located in the world during the Three Kingdoms period, became the focus of the struggle between the three countries in the middle and late period and the foundation of the three pillars. Two of the three major battles of the Three Kingdoms took place in Jingzhou, namely, the battle between Battle of Red Cliffs and Yiling, Battle of Red Cliffs in chibi city, Hubei Province, and Yiling in Yichang, Hubei Province. These two battles determine the three pillars.
At the same time, a lot of stories have happened in Jingzhou, such as the battle of Changbanpo, when Zhang Fei broke Dangyang Bridge, borrowed Jingzhou and crossed the river in white, and lost Jingzhou and Maicheng. You know, Jiangling City in the Three Kingdoms period is Jingzhou City in Hubei Province today, and it was the base camp of Guan Yu at that time. The so-called borrowing Jingzhou and accidentally losing Jingzhou does not refer to Jingzhou in the Three Kingdoms period, nor does it refer to Jingzhou City today, but refers to Jingzhou City at that time.
Now there are many cultures of the Three Kingdoms and Guandi Temple in Jingzhou, Hubei Province. People in Jingzhou worship Guan Yu very much. Guandi Temple holds large-scale temple fairs in the first month of each year and on 13 of the fifth lunar month, as well as related activities such as playing dragon lanterns, rowing lotus boats, riding horses and archery. It is said that it has been passed down for more than a thousand years.
Today's Jingzhou Ancient City Wall
5. Jingzhou City, Hubei Province today
Since King Wen of Chu moved his capital to Du Ying in 689 BC, Jingzhou, Hubei Province has a history of more than 2,700 years. Jingzhou's cultural heritage is very profound, and the splendid Jingchu culture and the profound Three Kingdoms culture have been passed down to this day. In addition, Jingzhou has completely preserved the ancient city walls and moats built during the Shunzhi period of the Qing Dynasty, ranking second among the seven ancient city walls in China.
Sites in Jingzhou, such as Guanmiao Mountain in Zhijiang, Maojiashan Mountain in Jiangling, Guihua Tree in Songzi and Wangjiagang in Gongan, all belong to Daxi Site. This culture was formed from 4400 BC to 3300 BC with a history of more than 5000 years. A large number of tombs of princes and nobles of Chu are buried near Jingzhou, and countless historical relics have been unearthed.
Today, Jingzhou, Hubei Province, as a prefecture-level city, has jurisdiction over Jingzhou and Shashi, Jiangling, Gongan and Jianli counties, Songzi, Shishou and Honghu, as well as Jingzhou Economic Development Zone, Jingzhou High-tech Zone and Jinan Tourist Area, with a total population of about 6.47 million. Jingzhou is a famous historical and cultural city in China, an excellent tourist city in China, a national garden city, an important port city in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, an important industrial base and a major light industry town in Central and South China.