What did the ancients think of astronomical phenomena? What conclusion can you draw?
When I was a child watching TV, I always yearned for the so-called "watching the sky at night". Some learned people can predict many things just by observing the stars in the sky without any special equipment. Because of this, I became interested in astronomy and wanted to know what they were watching.
As we all know, most of the stars we see are stars, which constitute the main body of the starry sky. The positions of all stars are relatively fixed, and the law of motion is very simple. Therefore, the content of star observation is relatively small and mysterious, focusing on two aspects, one is timing, and the other is providing position reference for other celestial bodies. There are four words about the weather, bucket handle and Beidou: "bucket handle refers to the east, and the world is spring; Bucket handle guide, the world is summer; Bucket handle refers to the west, and the world is autumn; Bucket handle refers to the north, and it is winter in the world. "
Bucket handle of the Big Dipper is like a giant pointer, turning in the sky, marking the current date at any time. For experienced observers, we can roughly judge the current solar terms just by observing the direction of bucket handle. This seems insignificant to people nowadays, but in ancient times, the calendar system was not so developed and accurate, so it is useful to look at the time of the stars. More content observation comes from the so-called "five stars and seven strategies". Five stars are five planets visible to the naked eye: Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter and Saturn. The "seven strategies" are to add the sun and the moon on the basis of the "five stars".
The observation of them is inseparable from the description of their location. This is the second part of star observation. We have all heard of the so-called "twenty-eight stars". The so-called "lodge" means that the planets, the sun and the moon temporarily "lodge" here. Because the relative positions of the stars are fixed, a map of the sky is formed, which can be used to describe the place where the "Seven Houses" run.
These 28 lodgings are divided into four areas: seven lodgings in East Qinglong, seven lodgings in West Baihu, seven lodgings in South Suzaku and seven lodgings in North Xuanwu. In addition, each star corresponds to a different geographical position on the earth. Twenty-eight nights is the constellation of the ecliptic, which roughly corresponds to the twelve constellations of the ecliptic in western astronomy. The five stars and seven houses are basically in it, but the planets sometimes have large opening angles, so they will also meet other constellations (called star officials in ancient times). ?
The moon is the most conspicuous celestial body at night, and the change of the moon phase directly corresponds to the date of the lunar calendar. The observation of the moon also has two meanings. One is to predict the weather to some extent, and the other is to predict the solar eclipse. It seems reasonable to predict the weather from the moon. For example, there is an old saying that "the moon is dizzy and the wind blows, and the foundation is moist and silent." If there is a halo around the moon, it means that there is a great possibility of strong wind the next day. I wonder if Zhuge Liang has any signs of "moon halo" on the night of the east wind.
This can still be reminiscent of some reasons, such as halo, which may mean that the water vapor content in the air is relatively high, which may be related to temperature and may have wind and rain. However, some of them seem more mysterious. For example, "Shang Shu Hong Fan" mentioned: "The stars are windy, the stars are rainy, and the moon comes from the stars, so it is stormy."
This point is also confirmed in the Book of Songs Xiaoya: "The moon leaves the end point and makes it run." It is said that when the moon moves to the position of Soapy (a part of Taurus according to the modern constellation), there will be heavy rain. Is this the case? Interested friends can verify it.