How to give first aid after scalding and burning in summer?

In summer, because of the hot weather, people often wear less clothes, and there are many places where their skin is exposed, and the chances of burns and scalds in daily life also increase accordingly. When burns and scalds happen carelessly, the severity of burns and scalds can be greatly reduced if correct self-rescue measures can be taken in time. Then, how to take self-help measures in time to minimize the degree of injury? After years of clinical practice and summary, it is pointed out that there are four elements in emergency treatment: one removal, two cooling, three covering and four delivery.

Take off: Take off clothes that are on fire or soaked in boiling liquid as soon as possible, especially chemical fiber clothes. The purpose of this is to prevent the hydrothermal solution on the burning clothes or clothes from continuing to act, which will enlarge and deepen the wound. But if the close-fitting clothes stick to the wound, don't tear them off forcibly, so as not to aggravate the wound. You can cut it with scissors first, then take off your clothes.

Cold therapy: cold therapy is the most effective and economical first aid method for early burn. Cold therapy in time after burns and scalds can prevent heat from continuously acting on the wound surface to deepen it, and can relieve pain and reduce exudation and edema. Do it as soon as possible after injury, and the earlier the effect, the better. The method is to wash the burn wound with tap water or soak it in water (the water temperature is subject to what the injured person can bear, generally 15 ~ 20℃, and some ice cubes can be added to the water in hot days), or apply it to the wound with towels and gauze soaked in cold (ice) water. Cold therapy has no definite time limit. Generally, it takes 0.5 ~ 1 hour after cold therapy to stop the acute pain. Cold therapy is generally suitable for small and medium-sized burns, especially burns of limbs; If the burn or scald area is large, it is not necessary to soak for too long to avoid hypothermia or delay the treatment opportunity.

Covering: that is, protect the wound and try not to break the blisters. Cover the injured area with clean sheets, cloth strips and gauze. Be careful not to smear sesame oil, soy sauce, toothpaste, soap, grass ash, etc. In the injured part, it is not only ineffective, but also easy to cause infection.

At the same time, do not apply some colored drugs such as methyl violet and mercuric chloride, so as not to affect the judgment and treatment of the depth of the wound by medical staff.

Send: Send to a regular hospital for treatment immediately. Except for minor superficial burns and scalds, it is best to send them to a nearby hospital for further wound treatment as soon as possible. If they are seriously injured and need hospitalization, it is best to send them to a well-equipped and experienced burn specialist hospital for treatment. On the way to the hospital, if the injured person is thirsty, he can give a small amount of light salt water to drink for many times, and it is forbidden to simply drink boiled water or sugar water.

Summer is the season with high incidence of burns and scalds. In addition to strengthening safety awareness in peacetime, we should also strengthen self-help awareness and timely handling ability to minimize injuries as much as possible.