Why is there a three-year gap between the second and third five-year plans? It should be connected!

Since the founding of the People's Republic of China, * * * has implemented eleven five-year plans (the eleventh five-year plan is being implemented). In the nearly half-century history of New China, apart from implementing the five-year plan, only two three-year periods have been devoted to the recovery and adjustment of the national economy. One is the period of national economic recovery before the first five-year plan 1950- 1952. While waging a massive war to resist US aggression and aid Korea,

The party and the government have adopted the policy of "strike, stabilize and build". After three years of hard work, they quickly healed the war wounds of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression for eight years and civil war for three years, and the national economy recovered and surpassed the highest level before the founding of the People's Republic of China 1936, creating a miracle in the world economic history. One is 1963- 1965. In the first three years of the second five-year plan (1958- 1962), the Great Leap Forward was vigorously promoted. In the last two years, it was forced to adjust, and the continuous formulation of the five-year plan had to be suspended. The adjustment lasted for three years.

Reason: The Great Leap Forward caused serious consequences, and it took five years (6 1-65 years) to rectify it.

On August 28th, 1958, the enlarged meeting of Beidaihe, the Political Bureau of the Central Committee discussed and adopted the Opinions on the Second Five-Year Plan. According to this opinion, the basic goal of the second five-year plan is to complete the socialist transformation, build China into a socialist country with modern industry, modern agriculture and modern science and culture ahead of schedule, and create conditions for the high development of economy, technology and culture during the third five-year plan period, and begin the transition to * * * productism.

By 1962, a strong and independent industrial system will be built nationwide, and a relatively complete industrial system with different levels and characteristics will be built in each cooperation zone; The national output of steel and other important products can be close to that of the United States; We can catch up with the advanced world level in major science and technology. According to this goal and requirement, many specific indicators are 1-8 times higher than the original "Twelfth Five-Year Plan". Because the plan is seriously divorced from reality, the index is too high, natural disasters and the former Soviet Union tore up the contract, the national economy is seriously out of balance and in trouble.

1August, 960, during the Beidaihe Central Working Conference, according to the unbalanced economic development, the problem of rectifying and adjusting the economy was put forward; In the middle and late August, when the State Planning Commission was discussing the compilation of 196 1 economic planning control figures, Li Fuchun proposed that "consolidation, consolidation and improvement should be the main task, supplemented by increasing new production capacity; Focus on solving problems such as matching, filling vacancies, before and after, variety quality, etc., in order to master the initiative. " At the end of August, when the State Planning Commission reported the economic plan of 196 1 to the State Council, it raised the issue of "adjustment, consolidation and improvement". After listening to the report, Zhou Enlai,

The word "enrichment" was added to improve it, forming the eight-character policy of "adjustment, consolidation, enrichment and improvement"; On September 30th, the State Planning Commission reported on the national economic plan control figure 196 1 approved by the central government, and put forward the "eight-character policy" of adjusting the national economy, vigorously restoring agriculture, reducing capital construction and heavy industry production, and streamlining workers and urban population. It was not until 1962 that the national economy began to improve. However, compared with the proposal in 1956,

Except raw coal, petroleum and power generation, the output of many important industrial and agricultural products, such as steel, cement, grain and cotton, is far below the prescribed indicators.

1961From late August to mid-September, the Central Committee held a working meeting in Lushan and decided to continue to implement the policy of "adjustment, consolidation, enrichment and improvement" for another three years (1963- 1965).

The five-year plan, later renamed as the five-year plan, is called the outline of the five-year plan for People's Republic of China (PRC)'s national economic and social development. It is an important part of China's national economic plan and belongs to a long-term plan. It is mainly to plan the major national construction projects, the distribution of productive forces and the important proportional relationship of the national economy, and set goals and directions for the long-term development of the national economy.

China formulated the first "Five-Year Plan" from 65438 to 0953. Starting from the eleventh five-year plan, the "five-year plan" was changed to "five-year plan". (except June 1949 to the end of June 1952 is the period of China's national economic recovery, and June 1963 to June 1965 is the period of national economic adjustment).

Looking back on the history of the five-year plan, we can not only describe the general context of economic development since the founding of the People's Republic of China, but also explore the laws of economic development in China. By comparing and examining the past, we can gain valuable experience from historical development, thus guiding future economic development.

China is implementing the 13th Five-Year Plan (20 16-2020).