Where is Shi Naian from?
Shi Naian
Shi Naian (about 1296-about 1370) was a native of Xinghua, Jiangsu Province. He was born in Baijuchang, Xinghua (now Dafeng District, Yancheng City, Jiangsu Province). ), whose original name is Yan Duan, whose courtesy name is Zhao Rui, Hao Zian, and nicknamed Naian. Representative works include "Water Margin".
Chinese name: Shi Naian
Foreign name: ShiNaian
Alias: Shi Yanduan
Nationality: Han
Birthplace: Baiju Town (now Dafeng District, Yancheng City)
Date of Birth: The second year of Yuanzhen (1296)
Date of Death: The third year of Hongwu (1370)
Occupation: Novelist
Belief: Taoism
Main achievements: Author of one of the four famous works "Water Margin"
Representative works ："Water Margin"
Dynasty: late Yuan and early Ming dynasty
Biography of characters
"Shi Family Genealogy Preface" and other relevant information records
The "Preface to the Genealogy of the Shi Family" written by Chen Guangde (alias Maoting) in the fourth year of Xianfeng (1854) says:
"The clans in Wuxing were mostly moved to Suzhou, and the Shi clan in Baijuchang was in Nai'an. He was born in Xinghua from Suzhou in the early Hongwu period of the Ming Dynasty, and moved to Baijuchang from Xinghua. Mr. Yang Yihe, the second generation of Shijun, once wrote an epitaph for Shi's family from Shijiaqiao, Suzhou. After the move, the Tianlu was renamed Shijiaqiao in the fourth year of Xianfeng's reign in the Qing Dynasty. On the second day after the Jiayin Office was established, Chen Guangde, who was a Jinshi and was granted the rank of Fengzhi doctor, the head of the household department, was given the first rank. "
In the fifth year of Xianfeng, Shi Junfeng, the fourteenth generation grandson of Shi Naian, also wrote in the "Record of the Establishment of Shi's Ancestral Hall": "Gong Nai'an, the founder of our clan, moved from Suzhou in the early Ming Dynasty, and later moved to Baiji "Komach."
Shi Naian lived in seclusion in Xinghua to write "Water Margin" to avoid the war.
Shi Naian moved here to avoid the war and wrote "Water Margin". According to folklore, Zhang Shicheng rebelled against the Yuan Dynasty, proclaimed himself the King of Wu in Pingjiang (Suzhou), and hired Shi Naian as military advisor. Later Zhang Shicheng demoted the Yuan Dynasty, but Shi Naian repeatedly refused to obey, so he abandoned his official position and went to Donglin Nunnery in Zhutang, Jiangyin. . Zhu Yuanzhang sent troops to besiege Pingjiang, and the war spread to Jiangyin. Shi Naian remembered that his friend Gu Ti, who had served as Tongzhi of Songjiang and Tongzhi of Jiaxing Road, was from Xinghua. The place is remote, surrounded by water, and has inconvenient transportation. It has always been said that "Zhaoyang (also known as Xinghua) has been easy to avoid soldiers since ancient times", so someone specially sent a letter to Gu Ti and attached a poem:
Wandering around the world during the desolate years, I found a good home in Yangshan (referring to Zhaoyang, improvised).
I wish to cultivate grass and cultivate more trees, but do not teach plums to bear fruit like melons. (A folk song at that time: "Li grows cucumbers, and all the people are homeless")
After seeing the letter, Gu Ti immediately wrote back to Shi Naian, welcoming him to come to Xinghua for refuge. The letter also included a poem in reply:
You came from the south of the Yangtze River to ask about me, and I wanted to send you a smile as an old colleague.
This is not the land of Taoyuan. Where can we avoid the Qin Dynasty?
The one hundred and eight generals of Liangshan (Thirty-six Tiangang, Seventy-two Disha) are vividly portrayed.
After receiving the letter, Shi Naian left his eldest brother Yanming in his hometown of Suzhou, took his second wife Shen, his second brother Yancai and his disciple Luo Guanzhong. Braving the smoke of war, he crossed the river and headed north, first in Xing. Shi Naian lived temporarily in Gu Ti's home, and then with Gu Ti's help, he purchased land and real estate in Baijuchang, a sparsely populated seaside area east of Xinghua. Here he lived in seclusion in the "Water Margin". Shi Naian got to know many farmers and salt people, and they lived Many of the stories in the novel became the material for his creation. After re-creation, with amazing artistic talent, Liangshan 108, headed by Song Jiang, vividly portrayed the image of the hero.
Remaining materials: There are very few materials about Shi Naian's life and deeds, and some of the records collected are also quite contradictory. Since the 1920s, some materials related to Shi Naian have been discovered in Xinghua, Dafeng, Yandu and other places in present-day Jiangsu Province, including the "Shi Family Genealogy", "Shi Family Genealogy", etc., and others The addendum to volume 13 of "Xinghua County Chronicles" contains one "Biography of Shi Naian", and the addendum to volume 14 contains one "Epitaph of Shi Naian" written by Wang Daosheng in the early Ming Dynasty.
According to the analysis of these materials:
Shi Naian is a descendant of Shi Zhichang, one of the seventy-two disciples of Confucius. The descendants of Shi Zhichang made their home in Suzhou in the late Tang Dynasty. His father's name was Yuande, who was a boat operator, and his mother was the Bian family (descendants of the Bian family also moved to Dafeng City, Jiangsu Province).
The prototype of Wu Song fighting tigers
During the Hongwu period of the early Ming Dynasty, Xu Qi, the ninth generation of the Xu family of Wucheng (the great ancestor of Xu Xiake), went to Sichuan in civilian clothes and accepted the imperial edict. He successfully resigned and returned to his hometown. , became famous for a while.
Xu Qi invited Shi Naian, a hermit from Suzhou (some say it is Qiantang or Hangzhou) to be his private tutor at his home. Shi Naian lived in a large house with beautiful environment in Zhutang Town, teaching and writing "Water Margin". The locals respectfully called him "Gong Naian".
There are many stories about Shi Naian. It is said that many place names in Shi Naian's "Water Margin" were taken from the vicinity of Zhutang. For example, "Three Attacks on Zhujiazhuang" is the highlight of the book. In fact, Zhujiazhuang is Zhutang Town. In the novel, Wu Song fights tigers at Jingyanggang, which is vividly written. It is said that Shi Naian was just walking in Houyanggang behind Dazhaili Village at that time. He saw a yellow dog sleeping under a pine tree. A villager named Wu'er beat the yellow dog away. When Shi Naian returned home, he used this as a prototype to create his creations. He changed Houyanggang into Jingyanggang, the yellow dog became a striking white-fronted insect (tiger), and Wu A'er became Wu Song.
It is said that when Shi Naian was teaching in the mansion, he often taught his students how to draw. He is strict and only teaches one figure painting at a time, and then teaches another one after the students have finished the painting. He taught his students to draw 108 paintings successively. These paintings have different faces, different movements, different expressions, and different personalities. The 108 characters he portrayed are said to be the 108 generals in "Water Margin". Mr. Liu Bowen once published two books and wrote in front of Emperor Hongwu: "Shi Naian is ten times more capable than his ministers. If you teach him to be an official, he will definitely have good political achievements." Emperor Hongwu accurately read the report and issued an edict to summon him to Jiangyin. I was summoned several times by Jing, but he just refused the imperial edict by saying that he was ill. He has extraordinary abilities. In addition to making articles, he can also heal diseases, fortune telling, fortune telling, Feng Shui, boxing and so on.
Anecdotes
Records in "Shi Naian's Epitaph" written by Wang Daosheng in the early Ming Dynasty
There are very few materials about Shi Naian's life and deeds. Some records are also quite contradictory. It is said that he was originally from Suzhou and later moved to Huai'an. He was not a Jinshi until Shunxin. He served as an official in Qiantang for two years. He abandoned his official position and returned home because he was not suitable for the powerful people, and wrote behind closed doors.
A descendant of Shi Zhichang, he was talented and righteous since childhood
According to the analysis of these materials:
Shi Naian is one of the seventy-two disciples of Confucius Give to your descendants.
Shi Naian was smart, studious, talented, filial and righteous since he was a child.
Became a Jinshi in the same ranking as Liu Bowen. After serving as an official for three years, he gave up his official position and returned to his hometown
When he was 19 years old, he was a scholar. When he was 28, he was a scholar. When he was 36, he was in the same ranking as Liu Bowen. .
He served as an official in Qiantang (now Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province) for three years. Dissatisfied with the darkness of the officialdom and unwilling to cater to the powerful, he abandoned his official position and returned to his hometown. When Zhang Shicheng rebelled against the Yuan Dynasty, Shi Naian participated in his military activities. After Zhang took control of Su, Shi Naian participated in planning under him and had a close relationship with his general Bian Yuanheng. Later, because Zhang was greedy for leisure and did not accept honest advice, Shi Naian, Lu Yuan, Liu Liang, and Chen became good at poetry and music, but they rarely spread. There are few records in history books. Even though some materials are clearly recorded, the authenticity and credibility of the materials themselves have not yet been recognized. We believe that he was probably from Hangzhou, and at least he lived in Hangzhou for a long time. Some people speculate that he may be a calligrapher who specializes in writing storybooks for storytellers, or he may be a storyteller with proficient writing and superb skills. He lived in the late Yuan and early Ming dynasties. His ancestral home, Guguan, went into seclusion and wrote behind closed doors. Some people say that he had a good relationship with Bian Xiang, Zhang Shicheng, the leader of the peasant uprising in the late Yuan Dynasty. Bian Xiang and Zhang Tui pointed out in "Shaoshi Shanfang Bi Cong": "The Water Margin edited by Shi in Wulin is particularly popular." Today's people agree that Shi Shi Naian is the author of "Water Margin". Some people also think that it was co-authored with his apprentice Luo Guanzhong or continued by Luo Guanzhong.
To avoid disaster, Shi Naian moved his family to Huai'an
According to the available historical data, Shi Naian still exists, but there are few historical records about his life and deeds. record. At the beginning of the Ming Dynasty, Zhu Yuanzhang also issued an edict asking him to recommend Shi Naian as his staff, but Shi still refused to apply after many requests. It is said that Zhang Shicheng even visited him personally and saw him writing "Jianghu" in his study. The book "The Legend of the Hao Ke" is also called "Water Margin". Later, Zhang Shicheng was defeated, and Shi Naian moved his family to Huai'an to avoid disaster. In addition to "Farewell on the Qiujiang River", he continued to write poems by Gu Ti and poems presented to Liu Liang. In order to avoid being drafted by the Ming Dynasty, Shi Naian moved his ancestor Naian's bones to Baiju Xiluo Lake (today's Shijiaqiao Village, Xinduo Town, Xinghua City, Jiangsu Province) due to the prosperous family history of Qian Wenyu (Shu Yuan Dynasty). He also asked Wang Daosheng to write "Shi Naian's Epitaph".
He lived in seclusion and wrote "Water Margin" and died of illness a few years after finishing it
When Zhang Shicheng revolted against the Yuan Dynasty, Shi Naian participated in his military activities.
After Zhang took control of Su, Shi participated in planning under him and had a close relationship with his general Bian Yuanheng. Later, because Zhang was greedy for leisure and did not accept honest advice, Shi Naian, Lu Yuan, Liu Liang, Chen Ji and others were greatly disappointed and left one after another. When Shi was bidding farewell to Lu and Liu, he composed the suite "Farewell to the Autumn River by the New Water" to express his generous and sorrowful feelings. Soon, Zhang Shicheng died and the country was destroyed. Shi wandered around the world, roaming in Shandong, Henan and other places. He was friendly with Liu Shanben, the teacher of Yuncheng County, Shandong, and later lived in Xu Shichu, Jiangyin, where he served as his tutor. Afterwards, he returned to the old Baiju and lived in seclusion. Feeling the decline of the current political situation, he wrote "Water Margin" to express his feelings. He also wrote "The Romance of the Three Kingdoms" and "The Legend of Sansui Pingyao" with his apprentice Luo Guanzhong. He was also good at poetry and music, but very few of his works were circulated. In addition to the suite "Farewell on the Autumn River", there are also poems by Gu Ti and poems by Liu Liang that have been handed down to the world. In order to avoid being drafted by the Ming Dynasty, Shi Naian lived in Huai'an, fell ill and died, and was buried on the spot at the age of 75. Decades after Naian's death, his grandson Wenyu (Shu Yuan)'s family flourished. Gao Ru's "Baichuan Shuzhi" records: "100 volumes of "Water Margin of Loyalty and Righteousness". The edition of Shi Naian in Qiantang. Edited by Luo Guanzhong." In the 45th year of Jiajing, Lang Ying said in "Seven Revised Drafts": "This book It is the "original version of Shi Naian in Qiantang". Shi Naian died of illness a few years after writing "Water Margin". The book is still passed down from generation to generation!
Punch the Bully
One day in the early Ming Dynasty, Shi Naian was visiting a tea mountain and encountered a bully who was robbing a farmer of his tea garden. But afterward, after the bully found out where the visitor lived, he hired a group of thugs to surround Shi Naian's residence. Seeing this, Shi Naian just sneered and walked out calmly. When the thugs saw that he was bare-handed, they rushed forward. One of them, a big man with a black face, held up an iron rod and struck it on Shi Naian's head. After passing the edge of the stick, he grabbed the iron rod with both hands, and at the same time, he flew up with his right foot and kicked the big man in the abdomen. The guy rolled out more than ten feet away. Shi Naian danced with the iron rod in a whirlwind. The gang was frightened and fled in all directions.
Beat the scoundrels
One year during the Lantern Festival, Shi Naian went to the street to watch the lanterns and suddenly saw a bad boy at the end of the street. Insulting a woman. He became angry, picked up the guy with his right hand, and threw him to the ground like a dead dog. The evil young man was so frightened that he kowtowed for mercy, and then Shi Naian spared him. God, that guy gathered seven or eight scoundrels to come for revenge. Shi Naian calmly found a thick rope, asked the scoundrels to tie his legs with the rope, and then asked them to pull hard. They all blushed and had thick necks from exhaustion. Shi Naian's feet seemed to have roots and were motionless. Then, he took out the iron rod and knocked a big poplar tree next to him with an "Oolong tail". "There was an interruption. When the scoundrels saw that he had such skill, they realized that they had met a master, and they all kowtowed and admitted defeat. Later, when Shi Naian wrote "Water Margin", he also integrated this personal experience into Lu Zhishen's work in Da
Related information
Origin of the name
One day, Shi Naian was writing a book while giving lectures. When I came to the scene in "Water Margin" where Shi Xiuzhi killed Pei Ruhai and Tutuo knocked the wooden fish, I suddenly thought of the wooden fish mallet collected in Donglin Nunnery. I was puzzled and asked Xu Qi: Why do you treasure the wooden fish mallet in your nunnery like a treasure? What? Xu Qi said: There used to be an old monk living in this nunnery. He chanted sutras and worshiped Buddha with great sincerity. While chanting sutras, he knocked on the wooden fish and said: Look, I want them to understand. , To learn is to concentrate. After hearing this, Shi Naian nodded: We must have that kind of perseverance when writing books! Afterwards, he wrote the word "Naian" on the lintel. It means to warn himself to overcome all difficulties and write "Water Margin". Outsiders didn't know what it meant, so they called him "Mr. Nai'an". After a long time, he also felt that this name was good, so he changed his name to: Schnei. nunnery.
Certificate of birthplace
1. Suzhou theory
Written into genealogy and ancestral hall
In the fourth year of Xianfeng (1854), Chen Guangde (zi Mao) The "Preface to the Genealogy of the Shi Family" written by Ting (Ting) says: "When my clan was established, most of the clans were moved to Suqian. Mr. Naian of the Shi family in Baijuchang was born in the early Hongwu period of the Ming Dynasty and was revived by Suqian. Xinghua moved to Baijuchang. His second-generation scholar, Mr. Yang Yihe, once wrote his epitaph.
When the Shi family moved from Shijiaqiao in Suzhou, the farmhouse on the spot was renamed Shijiaqiao. In the fourth year of Xianfeng's reign in the Qing Dynasty, the Jiayin Office was awarded the title of Jinshi. It was written by Chen Guangde, who was a senior scholar. "
In the fifth year of Xianfeng, Shi Junfeng, the fourteenth generation grandson of Shi Naian, also wrote in "Record of the Establishment of Shi's Ancestral Hall": "Gong Nai'an, the founder of our clan, moved from Suzhou in the early Ming Dynasty Xing, later moved to Baijuchang. "
These two passages make it very clear that Shi Naian moved from Suzhou to Xinghua and then to Baijuchang during the Hongwu period of the early Ming Dynasty.
Zhao Bo "Shi Naian Chronicle" compiled by Yinghe Qilin says: "In the autumn of 1296 AD (Yuan Chengzong Yuanzhen second year Bingshen), he was one year old and was born in Shijia Lane outside Suzhou City. He was named Yanduan, with the courtesy name Zian and the nickname Naian. His father's name is Shi Yuande, whose courtesy name is Changqing, and his mother's name is Bian. Shi is a descendant of Shi Zhichang, a disciple of Confucius.
In 1308 AD (the 13th year of Emperor Chengzong's reign in the Yuan Dynasty), he was thirteen years old and studied at Ji's family school in Hushuguan outside Suzhou.
At the age of fifteen in 1311 AD (the fourth year of Emperor Wuzong's reign in the Yuan Dynasty), he continued to study at the Ji family. He studied in Ji's family for a long time, and then Mr. Ji's daughter married him.
In 1314 AD (the first year of Yanyou of Emperor Renzong of the Yuan Dynasty), at the age of nineteen, he passed the scholar examination and married the Ji family."
According to the above statements, Shi Naian was not only his ancestral home in Suzhou , and was born and raised in Suzhou, and married a Suzhou wife. He is a Suzhou native through and through.
2. Xinghua theory
Ming Dynasty documents can support it
In recent years, the statement that Shi Naian's ancestral home is in Suzhou has been questioned by academic circles. In 2003, "Suzhou Magazine" published Huang_Cheng's article "Correction of Shi's Ancestral Home", which questioned the statement that Shi Naian's ancestral home was in Suzhou. .
Huang_cheng quoted from the "Epitaph of Shi Gong, the Former Scholar" written by Yang Xin in Huainan in the fourth year of Jingtai in the Ming Dynasty (that is, the epitaph of Shi Rang, the son of Shi Naian):
"A first-rate scholar shows public service, refrains from giving in, and speaks modestly. The originator lived in Xinghua, Yangzhi, and later moved to Baiju, Hailing. He was originally from a prominent family. The late Duke Nai'an was not a scholar until Shun Xin in the Yuan Dynasty, and he was a noble man but not an official. In the early days of the Republic of China, when the people called for letters, they refused to say anything. Living in seclusion and reading "Water Margin" to entertain himself. If you accumulate good deeds, your neighbors will be known as virtuous. Born with humility and little ambition. In the fourth year of Jingtai, Renyin was established on the 15th day of the second month of Guiyou and Yimao. "It was written by Yang Xin, a Taoist from Yihe, Huainan, written by Gu Fan, who was here, and written by Chen Jingzhe." Huang Cheng believes that this is the earliest and most direct document involving the ancestral home of the Shi family.
In June 1962, a cultural relic related to the origin of the Shi family was discovered. Zhao Zhenxuan, deputy director of the Propaganda Department of the Xinghua County Party Committee, found words on the square bricks used to pad the bottom of the basket at the home of Chen Daxiang, a farmer in Shijiaqiao. After identification, it was a grant of "Di Zhao" (in the old superstition, after a person died, his family set up a "Di Zhao" to buy the land from the god of the back earth, which was usually carved on bricks or stones and buried together with the deceased's coffin). This brick was obtained by farmers in the village when they dug tomb bricks to build a pig pen in 1958. Later, according to the excavation and research of the cultural relics department, the grant on this "land photo" was Shi Naian's second son.
Twenty years later, another cultural relic was unearthed near Shi Rang's tomb, which caused a sensation at home and abroad. This was the "Epitaph of Shi Tingzuo, a First Class Scholar" brick. According to research, the owner of the tomb was Shi Naian's great-grandson. , named Shi Tingzuo, was buried in the third year of Jiajing in the Ming Dynasty (1524). The tomb inscription mentions that Shi Tingzuo's great ancestor was named Shi Yuande, and his great-grandfather Yanduan (namely Shi Naian) "rose in Huiyuan Jibing and spread Zhejiang." , (then) home. At the time of world peace, I cherished my former residence in Xinghua, (returned) the white horse, and gave birth to my ancestors with humility. "The name, location, and age of Shi Tingzuo's great-grandfather and grandfather are consistent with the historical materials and cultural relics discovered and announced twice before.
This epitaph brick, together with the tomb inscription and ground photo, clearly provide The five-generation Shi family lineage was revealed, and it was revealed for the first time that Shi Naian's father was named Shi Yuande and also lived in Xinghua. Huang Cheng believed that this lineage and the so-called "residence in Xinghua" are exactly the "Xing of the originator Shi Juyang". The most powerful evidence and the clearest annotation of "the transformation".
Today, his descendants still live in Shijiaqiao Village, Xinduo Town, Xinghua City, and their appearance is strikingly similar to Shi Naian's portrait.
3. Wu Xing said
An analysis by the director of the memorial hall
Dou Yingyuan, the director of the Shi Naian Memorial Hall, said that Shi Naian’s ancestral home was neither Xinghua nor Suzhou. But Zhejiang.
“There was a couplet in the Shi family ancestral hall: Wuxing is connected with the world, and the Chu River seals the Ming Dynasty.” Dou Yingyuan introduced that Wuxing is today’s Huzhou, Zhejiang, and Shi Naian’s father Shi Yuande was engaged in Those who traveled by water were called "boat people" in relevant historical materials. Later, Shi Yuande settled in Xinghua, and Shi Naian was born in Baijuchang.
Dou Yingyuan believes that issues such as Shi Naian’s birthplace, imperial examinations, birth and death dates have always been shrouded in mystery, and many claims need further clarification. “For example, there is a saying that Shi Naian was born in the Yuan Dynasty. "I passed the Jinshi examination in the second year of Shun (1331)." However, according to the official data of the Yuan Dynasty, Shi Naian's name cannot be found among the Jinshi who passed the examination in the second year of Shun. "Shi Naian was born in the year of the Monkey. He obtained the title of Jinshi at the age of 35 and lived to 75. There is no doubt about this. But if he obtained the Jinshi in the second year of Yuan Zhishun and extrapolated from this time point, then Shi Naian Naian was born in 1296 and died in 1370. However, according to the unearthed cultural relics, Shi Rang, Shi Naian’s son, was born in 1373. Could it be that Shi Naian had another son three years after his death?”
So, how did Shi Naian obtain the title of Jinshi?
Dou Yingyuan believes that Shi Naian's Jinshi was not obtained through the imperial examination of the Yuan Dynasty, but was awarded by Zhang Shicheng. "In the fourteenth year of Zhizheng in the Yuan Dynasty (1354), Zhang Shicheng established a political power in Gaoyou. The country was named Dazhou and he awarded a group of scholars the title of Jinshi. Among them, Shi Naian should be included. In this way, we can deduce Shi Naian Naian was born in 1320, which happened to be the Year of the Monkey, which coincided with his zodiac sign, and also solved the paradox of 'having a child three years after death'." Dou Yingyuan said that Shi Naian's Many activities are inseparable from Zhang Shicheng. When studying Shi Naian, he should be "bundled" with Zhang Shicheng, so that many mysteries can be easily solved.
Being connected with Suzhou
The indissoluble bond between Shi Naian and Suzhou
The academic circles have different opinions on where Shi Naian’s ancestral home is, and there is no conclusion yet. But it is undeniable that Shi Naian has a deep connection with Suzhou.
In various theories about Shi Naian's birthplace, one place is mentioned - Baijuchang. It is certain that he has lived here for a long time. So, what kind of place is Baijuchang?
Baijuchang is one of the ancient Lianghuai salt fields and the hometown of Zhang Shicheng. In the 13th year of Yuan Zhizheng (1353), Zhang Shicheng led the construction of "Eighteen Carrying Poles" in the Baijuchang area. Resistance meta.
According to records, after Zhang Shicheng raised his army, he admired Shi Naian's literary and military tactics and repeatedly invited him to serve as military commander. He made many strategies to attack cities and seize territory. Later, he followed Zhang Shicheng to Pingjiang (i.e. Suzhou) and had close contacts with his general Bian Yuanheng. Later, Zhang Shicheng took credit for his actions and acted arrogantly.
Based on these historical facts, another scholar put forward a compromise view: Shi Naian was originally from Xinghua, and later followed Zhang Shicheng to Suzhou and stayed for a period of time. After Zhang Shicheng's defeat, the Ming Dynasty officials After investigating his old troops everywhere, Shi Naian returned to his hometown in Jiangbei to avoid trouble.
Some scholars believe that the subject matter of Shi Naian's immortal masterpiece "Water Margin" is related to the turbulent peasant uprising in the late Yuan Dynasty. The 108 heroes who flooded Liangshan are actually the uprising in the late Yuan Dynasty. The shadows of military generals.
More than ten miles east, in Baiju Town, Dafeng City, there is the Shi Naian Memorial Hall. This place was formerly known as Huajiaduo, and it is said that it was the place where Shi Naian wrote books. Surrounded by clear streams, the roar of Digang, low-flying sandbirds, slow singing of fishing boats, and dense reeds, it has a strong atmosphere from "Water Margin". When visitors come here, they will doubt that they have really arrived at Liangshan Water Park.
Memorial for later generations
Shi Naian Cemetery
More than ten miles west from Shi Naian Memorial Hall (today’s Shijiaqiao, Xinduo Town, Xinghua City, Taizhou ), for Shi Naian Cemetery. There is a three-door brick archway in front of the tomb. On the middle beam, there is a stone carving with the four characters "Naian Gongfang" hanging on it. The tomb is among the green pines and cypresses. A stone tablet with "Reconstruction of Shi Naian's Tomb" written by Zhao Puchu in Zhao Puchu's handwriting is erected in front of the tomb. There is also a green island with a small river flowing around the island. When looking down from a high place, it looks like a lion (Shi Zi) twirling a hydrangea, so it is commonly known as the "Feng Shui Treasure Land". Zhang Huiren, an associate researcher at the Institute of Literature of the Beijing Academy of Social Sciences, wrote a poem of praise:
The white horse on the other side is lost in the morning mist, and the dribbling lion is bathed in the morning sun.
Lying peacefully under the Naian spring, people can judge the merits and demerits.
Memorial Hall
Introduction
In 1992, the State Administration of Cultural Heritage and the Jiangsu Province and Dafeng County Government allocated special funds for the Shi Naian Memorial Hall. Construction started in August and was established in 1993. It was completed in August of this year.
The Shi Naian Memorial Hall is located on Huajiaduo Island in the western suburbs of Baiju Town, Dafeng City, Jiangsu Province. It is said to be the place where Shi Naian wrote his book. Surrounded by clear streams, Digang is rustling, sandbirds are flying low, fishing boats are singing slowly, and reeds are dense. It has a strong atmosphere of "Water Margin". When visitors come here, they will doubt that they have really arrived at Liao'erwa, a water park in Liangshan. People walk up the Huajia Duo from Shuibo Bridge in the south, and turn east to see the Shi Naian Memorial Hall. It covers an area of 2,815 square meters, including a construction area of 1,478 square meters.
Internal structure
Entering the gate of "Shi Naian Memorial Hall" written by the famous calligrapher Qi Gong, you can see a 3.8-meter-high marble statue of Shi Naian (Made by the sculptor Ye Zonghao), the museum has three front and rear entrance halls, left and right side halls, left and right stele corridors, and half-pavilions built on both sides of the backyard. It appears to be rigorously structured and interesting. The first entrance is the reception hall; the second entrance is It is the admiration hall. Above the door hangs the inscription "Light of Hometown and Country" written by the female calligrapher Xiao Xian. On both sides of the doorposts there is a couplet (written by the famous calligrapher Zang Keshu and the poet Tong Bin):
Keeping a low profile and biding time, a generation of talents lives in a beautiful place;
Stirring up the turmoil and raising the clear, Qianqiu Jun writes wonderful books. It displays images of Shi Naian's books and whereabouts painted by Chinese painters; there are 48 comic strips made on silk introducing Shi Naian's life. Li Zonghai, a calligrapher from Zhenjiang, wrote a couplet:
There are chivalrous and righteous people who sacrifice themselves for others, but they are drawn from Lu Da, Wu Song, and Li Kui;
They have profound and far-sighted strategies. It was written from the minds of Chao Gai, Song Jiang and Wu Yong.
Further back is the cultural relics hall, above which hangs the inscription "Wen Xin Du Yun" written by calligraphy master Wuzhong Qi. There is a pair of couplets on the doorposts on both sides (written by the famous calligrapher Chen Dayu and the poet Tong Bin):
A hundred chapters of "Water Margin", the spring and autumn pots wink the loyal and the traitor, and the human world disappears through the ages;
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A song "Autumn River" carries the wind, worries and troubles, and the Five Prefectures Literary Garden looks up to the master.
The collection of cultural relics and historical materials
The cultural relics and historical materials related to Shi Naian are displayed in the hall, which is divided into four parts: Shi Naian’s family history, life, writing anecdotes and social influence. There are hundreds of cultural relics and historical materials such as the Genealogy of the Changmen of the Shi Family, the unearthed Epitaphs of Shi Gongrang and Shi Rang Dizhao, the only son of Shi Naian, and the Epitaph of Shi Tingzuo, his great-grandson. The "Mystery of Shi Naian" that has been unsolved for hundreds of years has been opened. People can also see many different versions of "Water Margin" about Shi Naian's various cultural relics and historical materials. According to incomplete statistics, since the Jiajing period of the Ming Dynasty, there have been 53 domestic versions of "Water Margin" so far. It is also widely spread abroad. There are translations of "Water Margin" in North Korea, Indonesia, Thailand, Malaysia, Singapore, Vietnam, Italy, France, Russia, Hungary, the Czech Republic, Romania and other countries. The translations in the United States include "Water Margin" and "Water Margin". "Selected Biography", "Chinese Classical Novels - Water Margin", "Water Margin Vocabulary", "Wild Boar Forest", etc. There are more than 20 Japanese translations. The side halls on both sides are decorated with various artistic works praising Shi Naian by famous poets, calligraphers and painters such as Zang Kejia and Feng Qiyong. The influence of Shi Naian and his work "Water Margin" is very huge. There are academic groups in my country such as China Water Margin Society, Zhejiang Water Margin Society, Shandong Liangshan Water Margin Research Society, Yancheng City Water Margin Society, and Dafeng Shi Naian Research Society. Study Shi Naian and "Water Margin", hold research meetings, and publish journals. After the large-scale TV series "Water Margin" was broadcast, it attracted hundreds of millions of viewers. As the Japanese sinologist Shiosa Wen said: "Water Margin is an earth-shattering novel, the crown of Chinese novels, and an outstanding classical novel that has taken the world's literary world." Dr. Lu Qingbin of the University of London once traveled across the ocean and traveled thousands of miles to Dafeng Baiju to inspect Shi Naian. Shi Naian is not only a literary giant in China, but also a celebrity in the world of literature; "Water Margin" is not only a treasure of the motherland's literature and art, but also the essence of the world's literary treasure house.
Ancestral Hall
After his death, Shi Naian’s temple was built but was destroyed by the Anti-Japanese War
After Shi Naian’s death, his twelfth generation grandson Shi Dianbang initiated the construction of Shi Naian’s temple in the Anti-Japanese War. The former residence in Baiju Town was converted into the Shi Family Ancestral Hall. Later, after several repairs and expansions, it became an auditorium with three front and rear entrances and a side hall next to it. The first entrance is the foyer, which houses a teahouse; the second entrance is the bookstore, where artists can read "Water Margin"; the third entrance is Fuyin Hall, which enshrines the spiritual tablets of Shi Naian, the founder of the Qianxing Dynasty, and his descendants. They are held here every spring and autumn. Worship ancestors. Unfortunately, Shi Temple was destroyed by the Anti-Japanese War.