The second compulsory knowledge point in the second volume of Geography for the first grade of senior high school students

#高一# Introduction After entering high school, many freshmen have such a psychological gap. There are many people who have better grades than themselves, but few people notice their existence. As a result, their psychology is unbalanced. This is normal psychology. , but you should enter the learning state as soon as possible. Kaowang.com, a first-year high school channel, has compiled the "Compulsory Knowledge Points Two for the Second Volume of Geography for First-year High School Students" for those of you who are studying hard. I hope it will be helpful to you!

1. The second compulsory knowledge point in the second volume of Geography for the first grade students

1. What are the main ways in which human activities are geographically connected?

Transportation and communications

2. What are the five main modes of modern transportation?

Compare their advantages and disadvantages in terms of transportation volume, transportation speed, freight price, continuity, flexibility, etc.

4. What are the benefits of container transportation?

Save packaging materials, simplify packaging procedures, improve transportation efficiency, ensure the integrity of goods, reduce transportation costs, improve transportation labor conditions, etc.

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5. What are the four busiest routes in the world?

① North Atlantic route;

② Mediterranean and Suez Canal routes;

③Northern route Routes from ports on the east coast of America to ports on the west coast of North America via Panama;

④ North Pacific route)

6. What are the tasks of postal communications and telecommunications communications services? What natural factors affect it?

Postal communications mainly use transportation and transportation networks to convey letters and packages. Affected by natural disasters such as terrain obstacles, typhoons, heavy rains and floods.

Telecommunications communication business mainly uses wired electricity, radio, light, etc. to transmit information such as symbols, text, images, and language. Affected by terrain obstacles, solar activity, etc.

2. The second compulsory knowledge point in the second volume of geography for the first-year senior students

1. The main types of industrial connections are:

①Product connections; (in the industrial sector) Provide each other with raw materials or supporting products)

② Spatial connection; (different industrial sectors use public infrastructure)

③ Information connection

2. Industrial connections form industrial agglomeration - producing industrial agglomeration benefits - which mainly include: expanding overall production capacity; reducing costs; and increasing profits.

3. Over-concentration of industry will lead to tight supplies of raw materials, fuels, energy, and water resources, causing traffic jams, aggravating pollution, and other problems.

4. Conditions for the formation of industrial regions:

(1) Natural conditions - resource status (mineral resources: such as coal, iron, or others; water resources)

(2) Traffic conditions (roads, railways, water transportation, etc.)

(3) Industrial basic conditions;

(4) Labor force conditions;

(5) Market conditions;

(6) Technical conditions;

(7) Agricultural foundation and other aspects. In addition, in terms of policies, the economic hinterland can also be considered.

3. The second compulsory knowledge point in the second volume of Geography for the first-grade students

1. my country is located between the two major seismic zones in the world - the Pacific Rim Seismic Zone and the Eurasian Seismic Zone. Due to the compression of the Pacific Plate, Indian Plate and Philippine Sea Plate, seismic fault zones are very developed. Since the 20th century, nearly 800 earthquakes of magnitude 6 or above have occurred in China, affecting all provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities except Guizhou, Zhejiang and the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.

2. Earthquake activity in China is high in frequency, intensity, shallow in focus, and widely distributed. China is a country prone to severe earthquake disasters.

Since 1900, as many as 550,000 people have died in earthquakes in China, accounting for 53% of the global earthquake deaths; since 1949, more than 100 earthquakes have occurred

3. Destructive earthquakes have hit 22 provinces ( autonomous regions and municipalities), involving 14 provinces in the eastern region, killing more than 270,000 people, accounting for 54% of the country’s death toll from various disasters. The area affected by the earthquake reached more than 300,000 square kilometers, and 7 million houses collapsed. The severity of earthquakes and other natural disasters constitutes one of China's basic national conditions.

4. my country’s seismic activities are mainly distributed in 23 seismic zones in five regions.

These five regions are:

①Taiwan Province and its adjacent waters;

②Southwestern region, mainly Tibet, western Sichuan and central and western Yunnan;

③The northwest region, mainly in the Hexi Corridor of Gansu, Qinghai, Ningxia, and the northern and southern foothills of the Tianshan Mountains;

④North China, mainly on both sides of the Taihang Mountains, the Fenwei River Valley, and the Yinshan-Yanshan Mountains Area, central Shandong and Bohai Bay;

⑤Guangdong, Fujian and other places on the southeast coast. my country's Taiwan Province is located in the Pacific Rim Seismic Belt, Tibet, Xinjiang, Yunnan, Sichuan, Qinghai and other provinces and regions are located in the Himalayan-Mediterranean Seismic Belt, and other provinces and regions are in related seismic zones. The distribution of China's seismic zones is an important basis for formulating China's key earthquake monitoring and defense zones.

4. The second compulsory knowledge point in the second volume of Geography for the first grade of senior high school students

1. Symbols of urbanization:

① The urban population increases.

②The proportion of urban population in the total population has increased.

③The scale of urban land is expanding. The most important indicator is the urban population as a percentage of the total population.

2. Characteristics of urbanization after the end of World War II:

①The development speed of large cities exceeds that of small cities;

②The number of large cities continues to increase;

③ Megacities with a population of more than 1 million develop rapidly. ——Trends of urbanization

3. Urbanization in developed countries

(1) Characteristics: ① early start, ② high level, ③ counter-urbanization phenomenon.

(2) Reasons for counter-urbanization:

① Increased requirements for urban environmental quality.

② Urban land rent is high.

③The infrastructure in rural areas and small towns is gradually improved.

④ Rural areas and small towns have good environmental quality and low land rent.

4. Urbanization in developing countries

①Features: late start, but rapid development; low level of urbanization; unreasonable urban development, and obvious trend of urbanization.

②China’s urbanization lags behind industrialization.

③Irrational urban development: large cities are expanding rapidly, small and medium-sized cities are developing slowly, and the population is concentrated in a few large cities.

5. The general laws of urbanization:

Urbanization - suburban urbanization - counter-urbanization - re-urbanization.

5. The second compulsory knowledge point in the second volume of Geography for the first grade students

1. Mixed agriculture is a type of agricultural region that develops planting and animal husbandry at the same time, such as Murray in southeastern Australia. -The Darling Basin is a mixed agricultural area dominated by wheat growing and sheep grazing. Main features:

① Can form a benign ecosystem by itself;

② High time utilization efficiency;

③ Strong adaptability to the market.

② Mainly small farmers (with families as production units);

③ The output per unit area is high, but the commodity rate is relatively low;

④ Mechanization and technology The level is relatively low (except Japan);

⑤The amount of water conservancy projects is large (requiring government investment to control floods and droughts).

3. Commercial grain agriculture is mainly distributed in the United States, Canada, Argentina, Australia, Russia, Ukraine, etc. (all are mainly family-run). In addition, it is also distributed in the Northeast and Northwest regions of China (mainly state-run). ). Commercial grain agriculture is a typical commercial agriculture with wheat and corn as the main crops. The main characteristics of commercial grain agriculture:

① Large scale of production;

② High level of mechanization,

③ High commodity yield.