Send Dong Shaonan to Hebei to read the answer.
The original text
Yanzhao was called a man who felt sad in ancient times. Dong Shengju Jinshi, even can't aspire to have a division, embrace sharp weapons, depressed and suitable for this soil. I know there must be a combination. Dong Shengmian! When a husband meets his son, those who are strong in righteousness and kindness cherish Yan, and those who are loyal to Yan and Zhao are beyond their nature! However, I have tasted the customs and customs, and I know that they are no different from the ancient ones. Talk about my son's trip. Dong Shengmian! I feel something. Looking at the tombs of the kings for me, and looking at the city, are there any dog butchers in the past? Thank you for me: "Tomorrow, I will go to school, so I can go out and be an official."
Translation
Since ancient times, Yanzhao area has been said to be full of heroes who are generous, solemn and stirring and singing. Dong Sheng took the Jinshi exam, but he was unsuccessful in being admitted by the examiner several times in succession. With outstanding talents in his arms, he was going to this place gloomily (for a job). I knew that he would meet someone when he went here. Dong Sheng, work hard! As unlucky as you are, even people who admire justice and practice benevolence will sympathize with and cherish you, not to mention that the admiration of benevolence and righteousness by heroes in Yanzhao area comes from their nature! However, I have heard that customs change with education. How can I know how the current atmosphere there is different from what was said in ancient times? Let's take a look at it through your trip this time. Dong Sheng, work hard! I have some feelings because of your visit. Please pay my respects to the tombs of Wang Zhujun (Le Yi) for me, and go to the market there to have a look. Are there any patriots buried in the grass, such as the dog butcher (Gao Jianli) in the past? Give my regards to them and say, "With the wise son of heaven in power, you can come out and be an official (for the country)!"
editing the author of this paragraph
Han Yu's introduction
Han Yu (768-824) was a writer and philosopher in the Tang Dynasty. The first of the eight masters in Tang and Song Dynasties. Return the word. He Yang, Henan Province (now Meng County, Henan Province). The county looks at Changli and is known as Han Changli in the world. In his later years, he served as assistant minister of the official department, also known as the Korean official department. Posthumous title "Wen", also known as Han Wengong. In the eighth year of Zhenyuan in Dezong (792), he was promoted as an official in Jiedu, and later served as a supervisor of the imperial history and Yangshan order. Xianzong acceded to the throne and was a doctor of the country. Later, he went through the official to the right bastard of the prince. In the 12th year of Yuanhe (817), he conquered Huaixi Wu Yuanji rebellion from Pei Du and was promoted to assistant minister of punishments. In the 14th year of Yuanhe (819), Xian Zong welcomed the Buddha's bones into Da-nei, and he remonstrated with them, so he was demoted as the secretariat of Chaozhou. Move to Yuanzhou. Soon he returned to the DPRK, where he served as an official, son of the state, and assistant minister of the official department. After his death in Chang 'an, Han Yu advocated strengthening reunification politically and opposed the separatist regime in the buffer region.
Han Yu's achievements
He respected Confucianism and rejected Buddhism ideologically, and regarded himself as the successor of Confucian orthodoxy. He opposed the formalistic parallel style of writing since the Six Dynasties, vigorously advocated ancient prose, and led the ancient prose movement in the middle Tang Dynasty with Liu Zongyuan. Han Yu was a famous essayist in Tang Dynasty. Su Shi called him "the decline of eight generations of literature" ("Chaozhou Hanwengong Temple Monument"). Han Yu's argumentative essays are extensive in content and eclectic in genre, such as The Original Road, On the Table of Buddha's Bones, Teacher's Notes, and Jin Xue Jie, which are novel in conception, distinctive in viewpoint, bold and frank, and strong in fighting. His epitaph, Han Yuzhi, creatively applied the biographical techniques of Zuo Zhuan and Shi Ji to the epitaph, and created a large number of vivid characters, which added luster to this always boring style of epitaph, and some of his works have become excellent biographical literature, such as Epitaph of Liu Zihou. The preface to seeing off Meng Dongye and the preface to seeing off Dong Shaonan are various in techniques, which makes the preface develop into a literary and practical style. "Answer to Cui Lizhi's Book" and other books were opened, because people made statements, and they were sincere. Korean is bold and unrestrained, while Wang Yang is wanton, "Like the Yangtze River, it flows like a mighty river" (Su Xun's Book on Ouyang Neihan). Deep in conception, skillful in conception, concise in language and creative. His poems are also unique, innovative, long and ancient, adopting the style of prose and prose, full of momentum, full of talent and strange imagination, forming an extraordinary and magnificent unique style, creating an important school after Li and Du Fu, and correcting the mediocre poetic style since Dali. His representative works include "Rocks" and "on the festival of the moon to sub-official zhang". The Seven Laws "Moving Left to Languan to Show My Grandnephew Xiang" and the Seven Unique Poems "Early Spring Showing Zhang Eighteen Members of the Ministry of Water Affairs" are also well-known masterpieces. However, he pursues novelty too much, which inevitably leads to danger and strangeness, and emphasizes "taking prose as poetry", which inevitably turns poetry into "rhyming literature". The Collection of Mr. Changli compiled by Li Han, a master, has been handed down from generation to generation. There are 4 volumes of Collected Works of Mr. Changli from 5 Zhuyin Dialectics compiled by Zhong Ju in Song and Wei Dynasties, and 1 volumes of Waiji are relatively perfect. Fang Shiju's Annotation on the Chronology of Han Changli's Poems and Qian Zhonglian's Annotation on the Chronology of Han Changli's Poems are better. See the new and old biographies of Tang Shu for deeds.
appreciation of editing this paragraph
appreciation 1
From the title of the article, Han Yu's Preface to Sending Dong Shaonan to Hebei Province should be a farewell preface for sending Dong Shaonan to Hebei Province, but if you think about it carefully, it is unsympathetic. First, at that time, Hebei was the place where the vassal towns were separated, and Han Yu insisted on cutting down the vassal towns and realizing the reunification of the Tang Dynasty. Therefore, in his view, if someone runs to Hebei to take refuge in the buffer region, it is a "thief" and must be attacked with a drum.
Appreciation II
Secondly, in order to realize the unification of the Tang Dynasty, Han Yu hoped that the imperial court could recruit talents, but he was greatly disappointed by the imperial court at this point. Therefore, in many poems, he has expressed his feelings for himself and others. He has a poem "Hey, Dong Shengxing", which was also written for Dong Shaonan. In the preface of the poem, there is such a statement: "Dong Shengshao, a county native, lives in seclusion, and he can't recommend the secretariat. The son of heaven is not famous, and his salary is not as good as the door." While praising Dong Sheng's "seclusion and righteousness", the whole poem also expresses regret that "the secretariat of history cannot be recommended". The Dong Sheng lived in seclusion for a period of time, and was uneasy about the current situation that "the son of heaven is not famous, and the noble is not as good as the door". Finally, he took the initiative to go out of the mountain and chose to go to Hebei to take refuge in the buffer region. Han Yu naturally has some sympathy for Dong Sheng's "frustration". Before Dong Sheng leaves, Han Yu will send him an preface. But such a preface is difficult to phrase. Are you in favor of his going? Of course, I have some sympathy for him, but if I agree with him, it will violate Han Yu's own political views; Stop him from going? Explain that it is a "thief", that is, it has become a "stay", not a farewell, and it does not meet the requirements of "gift order". What's more, it is unreasonable to object to Dong Sheng's pursuit of development (the buffer region is nominally a part of the Tang Dynasty). After all, the author has some sympathy for Dong Shenghuai. From this point of view, this "preface" is really difficult to write. However, after all, Han Yu is a great writer of articles. He advocates "only doing what he says", and he often wins by skillful writing because of difficulties. The conception and language of this preface are quite exquisite. As soon as the article came up, it first praised Hebei's "people who feel sad and sad"; Then it is described that Dong Sheng "embraces sharp weapons" and "can't aspire to have a department", so he will go to Hebei. "I know that there will be a combination", which is a bit of a congratulations for Dong Sheng. Add another sentence: "Dong Sheng is so embarrassed!" As if to say: you are about to find a way out, strive for it! In addition, the author goes further: people like you who are not talented will be cherished as long as they are "benevolent and benevolent", not to mention those "Yan Zhao scholars" who are "benevolent beyond their nature" He also praised Hebei for Dong Shenghe. It seems to mean: you really found the right way out! This is actually some irony, the so-called "no words".
Appreciation III
The author consciously ambushed the word "ancient" when praising Hebei. Why do you say that? Because the author deliberately used a "name" after the word "ancient", so that "ancient" was hidden in it and less conspicuous. "Ancient name" is like a cloud, that is, how it is in history. Historically, it has been said that "there are many people in Yan and Zhao who feel sad and sad". What about now? Maybe it's still like that now, maybe it's not like that anymore. Later, with a sudden turn of "ran", the pen front moved from "ancient name" to reality, and the reality is self-evident. It can be seen that the article writes "ancient" just to set off "present" and prepare for the following writing "present". Are there many "sorrowful people" in Yanzhao today? In the author's mind, the answer is of course no. However, the author does not deny it immediately or explicitly, but puts forward a principle: "custom and change." Since it is "customs and customs", the implication is self-evident. Since Hebei has been "transformed" by a "rebellious imperial" buffer region for many years, how can its customs remain unchanged? Now that it has changed, there will be no more "people who lament", so you can't "get along" when Dong Sheng goes there. At that time, in order to strengthen its own power, the buffer region "competed for heroes to seek the Lord." When Dong Sheng goes to Hebei, the possibility of "integration" is great, and he will be reused by the buffer region. If so, wouldn't it prove that the "present" Yanzhao is "not different from the ancient cloud"? But the author had an ambush. He said that "Yanzhao was called many people who felt sad songs in ancient times" and that "Yanzhao people who felt sad songs" and "benevolence and righteousness are beyond their nature". Predicting that Dong Sheng and those who are "benevolent beyond their nature" will "get along" is a compliment to Dong Sheng, but it is also the foreshadowing laid by the author: if you can get along with the current "customs and customs", it can only prove that you have lost "benevolence and righteousness". The "yang" in front is for the "suppression" in the back. The "evil" and "divination" of "I know the evil today is the same as the evil in the ancient times, and talk about divination through my son's trip" are not so much Bu Yanzhao, but rather the right and wrong of Bu Dongsheng's trip, which makes the tone euphemistic and implies warning. "Dong Shengmian!" Here, we should talk about "taking care of ourselves", but we should not "be a thief".
Appreciating the last paragraph of IV
, the author uses the story of Le Yi, a former general of Yan State, who was forced to flee to Zhao State to imply Dong Sheng. "Look at the tombs of the kings for me" is to remind Dong Sheng to properly handle his relationship with the Tang Dynasty. Further take care of the word "ancient" in front and entrust him to Yan City to see if there are any "dog butchers" like Gao Jianli; If so, persuade them to join the court for loyalty. Even the "dog butcher" in Hebei has to persuade him to enter the DPRK, and it is self-evident that Dong Sheng has taken an attitude towards the move of going to Hebei to attach himself to the buffer region. On the surface, the article has always been to send Dong Sheng to visit Hebei. At the beginning, I predicted that I would go to "there will be a combination" and send him; In the second paragraph, although it is suspected that the customs of Yanzhao may have changed, it is necessary to "predict it with my son's trip" and send him there; At the end, he was asked to visit the tombs of the kings, advised the people of Yanzhao to submit to the court, and still sent him. In a word, it is indeed a farewell article, but it is sent to keep it, and it is all sent outside the pen and ink.
edit the notes in this paragraph
1. People who lament: people who express their inner grief and indignation with tragic songs, mostly those who have ambitions but cannot display them. 2。 You Si: This refers to the official in charge of the examination in the Ministry of Ritual. 3。 Sharp weapon: a sharp weapon, which is a metaphor for outstanding talent. 4。 Gloomily: Go to that place gloomily. Dong Sheng wants to find a job in Yanzhao area. Suit, go. Liz, here. Zitu refers to the land of Yanzhao, which was ruled by local separatist forces at that time. 5。 Meet: to meet and meet means to be appreciated. 6。 When a husband meets his son: an unlucky person like you. 7。 Mu Yiqiang (qi ǐ ng) Benevolent: A person who admires justice and practices benevolence. 8。 Qing (shěn): Besides. 9。 Out of their nature: (admiration for justice) comes from their nature. This means that the people of Yanzhao are more sympathetic to Dong Sheng because of their nature. 1。 Customs and customs: customs change with education. With, follow. Easy, change. Eleven. My evil (wū) knows that it is no different from the evil in ancient times: how can I know what the current atmosphere there is different from what it was said in ancient times? Ugh, what. Twelve. Talking about my son's trip: let's take a look at your trip this time. Thirteen. Wang Zhujun: That is, Le Yi, a famous soldier of Yan State in the Warring States Period, left Yan for Zhao because of political frustration, and Zhao made him Wang Zhujun. Wang Zhu, Gu Zeming, is also called "Meng Zhu" in the northeast of Henan Province. 14。 Dog Slaughterers: People who are buried in the grass like Gao Jianli. Gao Jianli, a friend of Jing Ke's, kills dogs by profession. After Jing Ke's death, he also tried to assassinate Qin Shihuang and was killed after his failure. Fifteen. X: Greetings. 16。 To be an official: to be an official.
research on editing this paragraph
1. The reason why Dong Shaonan went to Hebei is
(1) Dong Shengju was a scholar, but he couldn't even aspire to be a teacher. (2) He embraced sharp weapons and was depressed.
2. The author said, "I know that there must be harmony between them." The reason
(1) Yanzhao used to say that there are many people who feel sad and sad; (2) People who embrace sharp weapons; (3) When a husband is unhappy with his son, those who are strong and benevolent cherish Yan, and those who love Yanzhao are beyond their nature.
3. The article shows that the author does not approve of Dong Shaonan's visit to Hebei
However, I have tasted the customs and customs.
4. What's the function of "Yan and Zhao used to call many people who feel sad and sad"?
This sentence is a major premise. It is written that if there are people in Hebei who feel sad and sad, Dong Sheng will "go together", otherwise he should not go.
5. "Do I know that evil is the same as evil in ancient times?"
The author knows that it is different from the ancient times, and deliberately asks questions, and ends with the word "evil", which only expresses speculation, leaves room for the other party, paves the way for the next sentence, makes the tone euphemistic, and implies warning.
6. The author thinks that Dong Sheng has a promising future. What is the basis?
(1) Since ancient times, there have been many people who feel sad and sad in the land of Yan and Zhao, and Dong Sheng "has always been in harmony". (2) Dong Sheng has outstanding talent. (3) A wise monarch, Dong Sheng, will have the opportunity to display his talents.
7. What is the author's intention expressed in the last paragraph of the article?
Reveal the main idea of the article and express the author's purpose of writing the article: I hope Dong Sheng won't go to Hebei.
8. What two things did the author entrust Dong Sheng to do?
(1) Look at the tomb of Le Yi. (2) Pay tribute to those who live in seclusion and lament, and hope that they will come out to serve the imperial court.