Construction safety precautions during hot and rainy seasons?

What are the specific contents of construction safety precautions during hot and rainy seasons? Zhongda Consulting will answer them below.

Summer construction is faced with adverse environmental factors such as high temperature, rain, and strong winds, which can directly endanger production safety and cause immeasurable losses to units and individuals. Therefore, organizing construction scientifically and rationally, adopting safe and effective construction technical measures, and actively responding to various risk factors faced by construction during the rainy season are of great significance to improving the ability to resist risks and ensuring personal safety.

1. General requirements for safety management of construction in hot and rainy seasons

1. Ensure smooth flow of information

Due to the uncertainty and uncertainty of severe weather such as summer construction storms and It is sudden, and it is difficult to predict the degree of damage to production and life. It is necessary to strengthen the collection and management of meteorological information. Therefore, the construction management office is required to promptly grasp the collection and sorting of information on severe weather such as storms. The comprehensive office will use the office network and QQ group The information will be released in a timely manner and notified in place through SMS and mobile phone messages. The mobile phones of cadres above the deputy director of the Construction Bureau, the heads of the outsourcing team and the labor service company (including the person in charge of the site) will be switched on 24 hours a day to ensure the smooth flow of information.

2. Comprehensive safety protection

Because the construction site involves a wide range of areas, including construction sites such as the third-phase ship lock civil construction and metal knot installation, mixing, sand and gravel and other operating systems and temporary The safety protection of facilities and the safety of all construction workers must be meticulous and thoughtful when formulating safety measures, and do not ignore small things to avoid leaving safety hazards.

3. Organize construction scientifically

When the Technical Office and Equipment and Materials Office prepare the construction organization design, they should take into account the characteristics of construction in hot and rainy seasons and fully consider the safety precautions that should be taken during this period. , the construction management office should arrange work reasonably according to weather conditions, and construction should be stopped in case of stormy weather.

4. Respond quickly and carry out emergency rescue work for flood prevention and rescue and disaster relief.

During construction during hot and rainy seasons, the safety of upstream and downstream cofferdams, scaffolding, high slopes, landslide settlement parts, gate tower cranes, trusses and living camps and other parts and facilities and equipment should be further strengthened. Protective work and ensure that emergency and disaster relief materials and personnel are in place in time, and emergency rescue plans are immediately launched in case of danger.

2. Preparation measures for construction in hot and rainy seasons

1. Reasonably arrange work and rest time

For summer construction operations, try to avoid the high temperature period at noon, and move to the morning and evening hours end compression. When the temperature exceeds 37 degrees Celsius, outdoor work should be stopped (except for concrete pouring, but concrete pouring construction workers must be provided with heatstroke prevention and cooling measures). Ventilation and cooling measures should be taken when working indoors. In the event of severe stormy weather, all operations should be stopped and personnel and equipment should be evacuated to safe areas.

2. Do a good job in on-site drainage work

1) According to the sand and gravel system (including A1\A2 stope, Dongjiagou slag yard), right bank mixing system, 35KV substation, water The factory and Guantianba auxiliary enterprises, 1#--4# living camps, right non-slopes, upstream and downstream cofferdams and their ship lock construction sites, and drainage ditch masonry conditions should be thoroughly cleaned before the rainy season. Remove debris, silt, etc. and ensure that the interception and drainage channels are smooth.

2) Do a good job in clearing dangerous rocks on the slopes of the above-mentioned construction parts and ensuring safety management and control of the slopes to prevent natural disasters such as landslides and collapses.

3) Strictly follow flood control requirements and set up continuous and smooth drainage facilities and emergency rescue materials, such as water pumps and related equipment, plastic sheets and other materials at construction sites such as the Phase III ship lock.

4) Ensure that the construction road is smooth. According to the actual conditions of the road surface, the road surface will be hardened or added with gravel and gravel materials, and the arch will be raised as required, and dedicated personnel will be assigned to maintain the road.

3. Specific safety precautions for construction in hot and rainy seasons

1) Prevention of heat stroke

Heat stroke means that people suffer from high temperature and thermal radiation for a long time. An acute disease characterized by disorders of the central nervous system caused by disorders of human body temperature regulation. Heatstroke can be divided into premonitory heatstroke, mild heatstroke and severe heatstroke.

The main symptoms of premonitory heatstroke are: headache, dizziness, thirst, sweating, dizziness, tinnitus, nausea and palpitations, weakness and soreness of limbs, inattention, and uncoordinated movements in high temperature environments. , the body temperature is abnormal or slightly elevated. In this case, the patient should be moved to a cool and ventilated place in time, and the patient should be replenished with water and salt, so that the patient can recover in a short time.

The main symptoms of mild heat stroke are: the body temperature is often above 38 degrees Celsius. In addition to headache, dizziness, and thirst, there are often symptoms such as flushing of the face, profuse sweating, and burning of the skin, or the limbs may feel warm or cold. Symptoms include pale complexion, decreased blood pressure, and rapid pulse rate. Mild heatstroke can often recover within a few hours if treated promptly.

When patients have symptoms of premonitory heat stroke or mild heat stroke, they should quickly evacuate the high-temperature environment that caused the heat stroke, choose a cool and ventilated place to rest, unbutton their clothes, and lie down to rest; apply a cold water towel to their head. If possible, you can rub your body with 30% alcohol to cool down. You can also apply cooling oil or wind oil essence on the forehead and neck, and drink some light salt water or refreshing drinks. Those who are awake can take Rendan, mung bean soup or ten drops of water and Huoxiang Zhengqi. Water and other Chinese medicines; if blood pressure drops or collapse occurs, you should lie down immediately and be sent to the hospital for treatment; for those with severe heat stroke, they should be sent to the hospital quickly for treatment.

In view of the open-air operations at the third-phase ship lock construction site, sand and gravel (including stopes), and mixing systems, relevant departments and work areas should do the following work:

1. The comprehensive office and each work area should focus on "prevention and cooling" and "prevention of heat stroke" based on the characteristics of the hot and rainy summer season. On the one hand, workers are required to wear neat personal labor protection supplies, such as double safety insurance, insulated shoes, insulated gloves, etc.; on the other hand, frontline workers should be equipped with heatstroke prevention and cooling drugs, such as Ten Dishui, Huoxiang Zhengqi Water, etc. Sufficient cold water should be prepared in the canteen ahead. If necessary, licorice or a little salt can be added to replenish body water. Especially during high-temperature periods, popsicles, cold drinks, mung bean soup or watermelon should be delivered to front-line workers in a timely manner. When delivering lunch, more soup should be added.

2. The construction management office and related work areas should arrange front-line workers to avoid the high temperature period at noon and try to compress the work in the morning and evening according to weather conditions. It is strictly prohibited to work overtime and do fatigue work for extremely long periods of time. Under normal circumstances, continuous operation during high temperature periods should not exceed 5 hours.

3. When working in the open air, you should try to avoid prolonged exposure to the scorching sun and beware of heat stroke. When workers feel chest tightness, shortness of breath, and dizziness, they should be judged as precursors to heat stroke. In order to prevent safety accidents due to heat stroke for workers working at high altitudes and near high edges, a second person should be provided to supervise them. Once heatstroke occurs or is a precursor to heatstroke, work should be stopped immediately and personnel should be moved to a cool and ventilated place. If the situation is serious, rescue should be carried out immediately or sent to the hospital for treatment.

4. All teams and outsourcing teams in the work area should explain the work of "preventing heat stroke" as an important part of the "five minutes before work and hazard prediction activities", and publicize and explain it among the majority of employees. Basic knowledge of heat stroke prevention and emergency rescue methods. Each team leader and the on-site person in charge of the outsourcing team should focus on the health conditions of workers working at high altitudes, high edges, high temperatures, and pressure vessels to prevent construction workers from suffering from heat stroke.

5. When you return from being exposed to heat outside, avoid "quick cooling". Do not immediately turn on the air conditioner, electric fan, or take a cold shower. This will cause the pores of the body to close quickly, making it difficult for the body's heat to dissipate, and it will also cause rapid blood vessels. The contraction causes insufficient blood supply to the brain, causing dizziness and sudden illness.

6. When working indoors, ventilation and cooling measures should be taken in each work area.

2) Prevention of electric shock

When the shell of electrical equipment or wires and cables become electrified due to insulation damage, there is no sign of electrification, and people will not have any premonition of the danger of electric shock. Electric shock accidents often occur. Most electric shock accidents occur in electrical equipment and distribution devices. Among all electrical accidents, there are still very few unforeseen and irresistible accidents. A large number of electrical accidents can still be prevented by taking practical and effective measures. .

1. Basic safety regulations for preventing electric shock at construction sites

1) Strictly implement the "three-level power distribution and second-level protection", that is: first, TN-S must be used for grounding and zero connection Protection system; secondly, a three-level power distribution system must be adopted; thirdly, two-level leakage protector measures must be adopted, that is, leakage switches must be installed in the main distribution box and switch box during the entire construction site power consumption process.

2) Leakage protector

Its function is to prevent personal electric shock accidents caused by leakage of electrical equipment and circuits. It can also be used to prevent fire accidents caused by equipment leakage and for monitoring. Or remove a phase ground fault, and automatically cut off the power supply when the equipment leaks and the enclosure exhibits dangerous voltage to ground.

3) In rainy weather, steel bar welding, butt jointing and other electric welding operations are not allowed in the open air. Due to work needs, rainproof work should be done. And ensure that the welding machine and welding clamps are dry to eliminate the possibility of leakage; welding workers are required to wear personal safety protective equipment neatly.

4) During high-temperature seasons, it is strictly forbidden to expose the limbs and trunk parts of the body when performing welding operations. When stopping the welding operation, the welding rod should be removed from the welding clamp in time to prevent the welding rod from contacting the exposed parts of the human body. Limbs and trunk parts of the body, causing short circuits. It is strictly forbidden to perform welding operations with bare hands to prevent sweat from soaking the welding clamps on your fingers and causing leakage and short circuit accidents.

5) When pouring concrete in rainy weather, you should always pay attention to and prevent the possibility of leakage of lighting fixtures, vibrators, flexible shaft rods, frequency converters, submersible pumps, and their wires and cables. The above electrical equipment A leakage protector should be used. It is strictly prohibited to use iodine tungsten lamps for lighting and baking clothes using iodine tungsten lamps. Do not touch the vibrator power switch with wet hands.

6) Each pumping point of the ship lock foundation pit pumping team should be assigned two people to work in each shift, and employees should be required to take charge of the shift to prevent mechanical and electrical failures from harming equipment and personnel.

7) Strengthen the safety management of on-site electrical facilities, equipment and cables, and strictly prohibit non-professional electricians from performing various electrical operations. The General Office, the Equipment and Materials Office, each work area, and the outsourcing team should strengthen the management of the certificates of electricians and other special operations personnel, and the Safety Office should strengthen supervision. It is strictly prohibited for non-professional electricians to operate in violation of regulations, such as checking electricity with the back of their hands or not, performing electrical work alone without power outage, without tagging, without special supervision, performing electrical work without wearing insulating shoes, and during power interruption and power supply operations (especially High-voltage operation) should strictly implement the "two votes and three systems" system, and do emergency work in case of sudden power outage during thunderstorms, and beware of safety precautions for second power transmission or sudden incoming calls.

8) No one is allowed to change the safe electricity use measures of the "three-level power distribution and second-level protection" at the construction site without authorization. Once the leakage protector trips, the cause should be identified, and it is strictly prohibited to cancel the tripping coil of the leakage protector. Or use ordinary electrical switches to replace leakage protectors.

9) It is strictly prohibited to use lifting wire ropes and high wire ropes for door tower cranes as channels for welding current, and it is strictly prohibited to use ordinary cables as ground wires or clamp handles for welding machines.

10) During the treatment of electric shock victims, on-site safety precautions should be taken to prevent secondary accidents caused by electric leakage. When an electric shock accident occurs, the electric shock victim should first take self-rescue measures. Try to get rid of the power supply. When the person who gets an electric shock is clear-headed and can move his limbs, he should put his feet together and jump out of the leakage point. Do not take long steps to prevent the formation of step voltage. When the second person is performing rescue operations, do not pull the person who was electrocuted directly with your hands. Instead, use wooden sticks, clothes and other insulating objects to pull the person who was electrocuted or turn off the power switch.

Basic countermeasures to prevent personal injury and death from electric shock

1) Strengthen electricity safety management. Organizational measures

(1) Personnel management: Personnel engaged in electric power operations must have necessary electrical knowledge and business skills, as well as necessary safety knowledge and emergency rescue laws. Personnel engaged in electric power operations must be certified by local quality technology. Supervise department training, assessment and obtain electrician special operation certificates. Non-electrical professionals are strictly prohibited from operating electrical equipment.

(2) Rules and regulations: The relevant provisions of the "Electrical Safety Work Regulations" must be conscientiously implemented. The construction bureau’s electrician operating procedures and rules and regulations are to ensure the safety of workers and equipment, and to keep electrical equipment in good and safe operating condition.

(3) Safety education and publicity: In addition to In addition to carrying out "safety first" ideological education for employees and electricians, and improving the technical and professional level of personnel through technical training, on-the-job training, accident drills, etc., they must also vigorously carry out publicity on safe electricity use and popularize basic knowledge on safe electricity use, so that All electricity users should master the basic methods of safe electricity use, and improve the safety awareness and safe electricity use level of the general electricity users.

(4) Electricity management and safety inspection: Conduct regular safety inspections and checks. Defects and hidden dangers should be dealt with in a timely manner, and unsafe factors and violations in electricity use should be promptly corrected. The management of electricity should strictly control the "three checks", that is, control of operation quality, operation technology, and safety maintenance. < /p>

3. Basic measures to prevent personal injury and death from electric shock:

2) Electric shock caused by illegal operations

For example, if an electric shock occurs on a power transformation and distribution device, the risk of such an accident will be Most of the incidents occurred due to the carelessness and illegal operation of electrical staff, failure to implement work tickets, operation tickets and supervision systems, failure to implement power outages, power inspections, discharges, installation of ground wires, hanging signs and installation of barriers, etc., which violated regulations. Safety operating procedures apply.

4. In order to prevent such accidents, the following basic safety measures should be taken:

(1) Strengthen safety education, improve safety awareness, and strictly enforce safety standards. Implement the "two votes and three systems".

(2) Seriously study various electrical operating procedures and systems, and continuously improve the theoretical and technical level.

(3) Electrical workers must receive corresponding training and examinations according to the prescribed time, and can only start working after passing the examination.

(6) Strictly carry out operations in accordance with electrical safety regulations, and it is strictly forbidden to make verbal appointments to stop or send power.

(7) Works involving the risk of electric shock should be assigned special supervision. The full-time guardian must be responsible and must not hold other jobs concurrently. Unless under special circumstances, one person is not allowed to perform electrical work, especially live work.

(8) Improve various electrical operating rules and regulations, implement safety responsibilities, strictly enforce labor discipline, strictly conduct safety assessments, and pay close attention to habitual violations.

3) Electric shock caused by unqualified equipment installation

For example, the "three-level power distribution and second-level protection" regulations are not implemented in accordance with the regulations at the construction site.

In order to prevent such accidents from happening, the following basic safety measures should be taken:

(1) Strengthen personnel training and education and improve personnel quality. Adhere to principles, act according to regulations, and ensure the quality of installation.

(2) It is not allowed to connect electrical equipment without permission and use qualified electrical equipment.

(3) Strictly follow various procedures and systems and act in accordance with the rules.

(4) You must work seriously, and you must not be careless or pretend to understand.

(5) Carry out regular equipment maintenance and repairs to eliminate hidden dangers of accidents.

5. Emergency rescue at the scene of personal electric shock

Electric shock accidents often occur in an instant. The situation is critical and there must be no hesitation. Time is life.

After the human body is electrocuted, some people may be dying or clinically dead even though their heartbeat and breathing have stopped. If the rescue is correct and timely, it is generally possible to save the patient. The key to whether the life of an electrocuted person can be saved lies in being able to quickly disconnect from the power source and perform correct emergency first aid.

1) Disconnect from the power supply

When a person gets an electric shock, the first step is to disconnect the person from the power supply. This is the key to first aid for the electric shock victim. However, first aid personnel are not allowed to pull the electric shock victim directly with their hands before the electric shock victim is disconnected from the power source to prevent the first aid personnel from getting an electric shock. In order to remove the electrocuted person from the power supply, first aid personnel should decisively take appropriate methods and measures based on the on-site conditions. The methods and measures for disconnecting from the power supply generally include the following.

(1) Low-voltage electric shock and disconnection from the power supply

If there is a power switch or plug near the low-voltage electric shock, the switch should be pulled open or the plug should be pulled out immediately to cut off the power supply.

If the power switch is far away from the electric shock site, you can use insulated tools to cut off the wires, but the wires on the power supply side must be cut off, and the cut wires should be prevented from accidentally touching others.

When a live low-voltage wire falls on a person who gets an electric shock, insulating objects may move the wire away, causing the person who gets an electric shock to disconnect from the power source. However, it is not allowed to use any metal rods or wet objects to move the wires to prevent first responders from getting electrocuted.

If the clothes of the person who received an electric shock are dry, the first-aider can wrap his or her hands tightly with dry clothes, dry scarves, etc., and then use the wrapped hand to pull the person's clothes to dry, or use the first-aider's dry clothes. Clothes tangle together, dragging the electrocuted person away from the power source.

If the electric shock victim is far away from the ground, prevent the electric shock victim from falling from a height after cutting off the power supply and causing trauma.

(2) High-voltage electric shock and disconnection from the power supply

When a high-voltage electric shock occurs, the power switch should be turned off quickly. If the power switch cannot be turned off, an insulated tool suitable for the voltage level should be used to disconnect the person who gets an electric shock from the power supply. When rescuing, first responders should maintain a certain safe distance from this voltage level to ensure the first responders' own safety.

(3) High-voltage overhead lines are electrocuted and disconnected from the power supply

When someone is electrocuted on a high-voltage overhead line, the high-voltage switch should be quickly pulled off, or the local power supply department should be notified by phone of a power outage. If the power cannot be cut off immediately, a throwing short circuit can be used to trip the power side switch. When throwing short-circuit wires, prevent arc burns or wire breakage from endangering personal safety. After the person who was electrocuted on the pole is disconnected from the power source, use a rope to send the person who was electrocuted to the ground.

2) On-site first aid treatment

When the electrocuted person is disconnected from the power source, first responders should perform on-site first aid treatment based on the different physiological reactions of the electrocuted person.

(1) The person who was electrocuted was conscious, but felt weak, palpitated, short of breath, and pale. At this time, the person who was electrocuted should lie down and rest quietly on the spot. Do not let the person who was electrocuted move around to reduce the burden on the heart. The changes in breathing and pulse should be closely observed. If you find that the pulse of an electrocuted person is too fast or too slow, you should immediately ask medical personnel for examination and treatment.

(2) If the person who receives an electric shock is unconscious and has a heartbeat, but has stopped breathing or is breathing very weakly, he or she should promptly open the airway with a chin lift and perform mouth-to-mouth artificial respiration. If artificial respiration is not performed in time, the heart will stop due to prolonged hypoxia.

(3) When the person who receives an electric shock loses consciousness, stops heartbeat, but has weak breathing, cardiopulmonary resuscitation should be performed immediately. It cannot be thought that chest compressions are the only way to perform weak breathing, because such weak breathing cannot achieve gas exchange.

(4) When the heartbeat and breathing of an electric shock victim stop, cardiopulmonary resuscitation should be performed immediately. First aid should still be performed according to cardiopulmonary resuscitation regulations during relocation or on the way to the hospital.

(5) When the person who gets an electric shock has stopped heartbeat and breathing, and is accompanied by other injuries, cardiopulmonary resuscitation should be performed quickly, and then the trauma should be treated. For patients with electric shock associated with cervical spine fractures, the head should not be tilted back when opening the airway to avoid high paraplegia, so the jaw support method should be used.

(6) When a person is struck by lightning, the heart will be shocked due to the lightning current, and the brain will produce excessive metabolic stasis and central apnea. Therefore, when the heartbeat and breathing of a person struck by lightning stop, cardiopulmonary resuscitation should be performed, otherwise hypoxic cardiac arrest and death will occur. Just because the pupils of a lightning striker have dilated pupils should not prevent them from insisting on CPR.

3) Preventing heavy rains and debris flows

During the summer flood season, all departments and work areas of the Construction Bureau should strengthen the control of the campsites in the sand and gravel work area and the back slopes, mining pit slopes, and For the supervision work of the water plant, 35KV and right mixing system, Dongjiagou slag yard and 1#--4# living camp slopes, dedicated personnel will be assigned to perform intensive inspections and keep records. If any problems are found in each work area, they will report to the Flood Control Office of the Construction Bureau in a timely manner. , Safety Office or Construction Bureau leaders report directly. When the situation is critical, personnel and equipment should be organized to evacuate to a safe area immediately to prevent safety accidents caused by mudslides caused by heavy rain.

In stormy weather, according to the above-mentioned slope settlement and cracks, dedicated personnel will be assigned to the day and evening shifts in the work area to increase supervision. When necessary, ask the technical office, survey team and relevant technical personnel to conduct observations and judgments, and the safety office will supervise the implementation. In the event of a major danger, all personnel and equipment must evacuate immediately and unconditionally. When there is a continuous heavy rainstorm, personnel in the steel bar factory and the metal knot processing plant must evacuate (at this time, safety supervision and security patrols should be strengthened).

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