Duck culture technology in fish pond
Duck culture technology in fish ponds 1, selection and cleaning of fish ponds. The fish pond planted with duckweed should be sheltered from the wind and the sun, with good soil quality, and the bank of the fish pond should be solid and not leak. The size of a fish pond generally requires a water surface of 3 ~ 4 mu and a water depth of1.0 ~1.7 m. At the beginning of April, the pond is cleaned and disinfected 20 days before duckweed is released, that is, the pond water is drained first, and the bank of the pond is patted tightly, and then 60 to 75 kilograms (kg) of quicklime is sprayed per mu, or the pond can be cleaned with water. The method is to store water about 1 m deep and sprinkle100 ~150kg of quicklime water.
2. Fertilize, cultivate and level. After cleaning the pond, irrigate the pond water to the depth of 1.0 ~ 1.7 m, and apply 400 ~ 500 kilograms (kg) of decomposed human excrement per mu to improve the water quality. After cleaning the pond for 20 days, plant duckweed seeds in the pond, and plant duckweed 15 ~ 20kg per mu.
3. Fish socks. Fish culture and peaceful sowing can be carried out at the same time. Large-scale varieties of grass, silver carp and bighead carp are stocked at the ratio of 3∶3∶ 1 per mu. Its specifications are 200g, 250g and 200g respectively. The figures are per mu 100, 100 and 30 respectively. In addition, some other large fish species can be raised.
4. Management technology. After duckweed is put into the pond, it can grow all over the pond in a week. At this time, bamboo fence can be used to divide the pond into two halves, and ducks over 20 days old can be put aside, and 200 ducks can be raised per mu of pond surface for one week. After one side of the pond is completed, remove the fence to drive the ducks to the other side, take out part of duckweed as a kind of duckweed and lay it in the semi-finished pond. In order to accelerate the reproduction and growth of duckweed, a certain amount of decomposed human feces or nitrogen fertilizer can be applied after sowing duckweed. If the duckweed grows too vigorously and the water surface of the pond is crowded, some duckweeds can be fished out, dried and crushed to make pig feed, so as to avoid covering the water surface of the pond, causing hypoxia in the pond and affecting the normal growth of fish.
Technical advantages of raising ducks in fish ponds 1. Raising ducks in fish ponds can increase oxygen for fish. Fish need enough oxygen to grow. Ducks are very active, constantly floating, combing and playing on the water. On the one hand, they can directly press air into the water, on the other hand, they can also stir the saturated dissolved oxygen water in the upper layer to the middle and lower layers, which is beneficial to improve the dissolved oxygen situation in the middle and lower layers of fish ponds. This can save the investment of running water or installing aerator.
2. It is beneficial to improve the nutritional environment of the fish pond ecosystem. Due to long-term fertilization, bait feeding and continuous excretion of fish in the pond, sediments are easy to form at the bottom of the pond. Most of these sediments are organic substances. Ducks constantly stirring the pond water can promote the decomposition of these organic substances and accelerate the diffusion of organic debris and bacterial aggregates in the sludge pond. Provide more bait for fish.
Ducks can provide excellent bait for fish. Duck manure not only contains a lot of unabsorbed organic matter, but also contains more than 30% crude protein, which is the superior bait for fish. Even the duck manure that pond fish can't eat directly can be decomposed by bacteria, releasing inorganic salts, which become the nutrient source of plankton, promoting the reproduction of plankton and providing bait for silver carp and bighead carp.
4. It is beneficial to the prevention and treatment of duck parasitic diseases. Ducks are omnivorous poultry, which can eat dead fish floating in fish ponds and fish pathological shedding in time, thus reducing the spread of pathogens. Ducks can devour many fish enemies, such as water centipedes. Ducks can also remove moss and algae that grow because the pond is not completely cleaned; There are ducks in the fish pond, and harmful waterfowl dare not land on the water at will; Ducks swim and wash their feathers, so that parasites and dander on ducks fall off into the water for fish to eat, which reduces the infection of parasites on ducks themselves.
Matters needing attention in raising ducks in fish ponds 1. Choose the right water surface.
Generally, adult fish ponds and second-year-old fish ponds with an area of more than 667 square meters and a water depth of more than 1.5-2 meters are selected for the water surface, and suitable rivers, lakes and reservoirs can also be selected. Slope protection should be built for sand ridges on newly dug fish ponds, pond ridges with loose soil and duck pens. In addition, ducks are generally not suitable for one-year-old fish ponds, and rice fields are not suitable for mixed culture of fish and ducks.
2, choose the right way
At present, there are three main ways to implement comprehensive management of fish and ducks: first, grazing. Is to scatter the ducks on the surface of the pond or lake and rush back to the duck shed at night. This method is beneficial to large-scale fish farming and can save a duck feed, but it has little effect on fish yield. The second is to raise ducks outside the pond. That is to say, build a duck shed near the fish pond, set up a cement activity field and an activity pool, and wash the duck manure and residual materials from the activity field into the fish pond every day. This way is convenient for centralized management of ducks, but it can't give full play to the advantages of mutual benefit between fish and ducks. Third, fish and ducks are mixed. That is, a duck shed is built on the dike of the fish pond, and a part of the dike is enclosed as an activity place for ducks to be directly stocked on the fish pond. This way can give full play to the ecological effect of mutual benefit between fish and ducks. Farmers can choose appropriate management methods according to local conditions to maximize benefits.
3. Reasonable collocation
Generally, it is appropriate to raise 100- 150 ducks per 667 square meters in fish ponds. If more than 200 fish are released, filter-feeding and omnivorous fish such as silver carp, bighead carp, tilapia or crucian carp are the main ones, and grass, bream or herring are not the main ones. In addition, pay attention to changing water and increasing oxygen. It is not advisable to raise more than 250 ducks per 667 square meters fish pond, otherwise the fish yield will drop significantly. According to the annual output of 40-50 kilograms of manure per duck, the fish pond with ducks increases the fertilizer by 4,800-7,500 kilograms per 667 square meters compared with the fish pond without ducks, which can effectively fertilize the pond water, breed a large number of plankton and provide sufficient feed for the growth of silver carp and bighead carp. Fish ponds for ducks can be mainly silver carp and bighead carp, and 50-75 kilograms of fish can be put in every 667 square meters, 1000- 1500 fish. Grass and herring are the main species, and 75- 1500 kg and 1000- 1500 pieces are released every 6667 square meters. Properly raised, 667 square meters, the net fish production can reach more than 400 kilograms.
4. Strengthen feeding management.