Which city does Fufeng County, Baoji City, Shaanxi Province belong to?

Belongs to: Fufeng County, Baoji City, Shaanxi Province

It is located in the _ River Basin in the east of Baoji City, Shaanxi Province. In the Western Han Dynasty, this place was the fiefdom of Youfufeng, the capital official. In the Tang Dynasty, the county name was borrowed from the Han official's name and is still used today. Area is 751 square kilometers. It has jurisdiction over 9 towns, 2 townships, 169 administrative villages, and 22 neighborhood committees. Population 428,000. Fufeng County governs Chengguan Town, Tiandu Town, Wujing Town, Jiangzhang Town, Duanjia Town, Xinglin Town, Zhaogong Town, Famen Town, Nanyang Town, Shangsong Township, and Taibai Township.

Natural

Topography: high in the north and low in the south, dominated by the Loess Plateau. The terrain can be divided into three parts: the northern part is the mountainous area; the central part is the plateau area, which is the main farming area of ​​the county; and the southern plain area is the high-yield area of ​​grain and cotton. The county seat is 590 meters above sea level.

Climate: It is a continental semi-humid monsoon climate. The annual average temperature is 12.4℃, the extreme maximum temperature is 42.7℃, the extreme minimum temperature is -19.5℃, the average annual precipitation is 592 mm, and the frost-free period is 209 days. There are heavy rains in summer, with occasional droughts, and late frosts can easily damage wheat.

Rivers: There are 8 rivers in the territory, including Weihe River, Weihe River, Qishui River, Meishui River, and Qixing River, which belong to the Weihe River system.

Mineral deposits: mainly cyan calcium carbonate, marble, sand and pebbles, etc.

Economy

The cultivated land is 49,200 hectares. The main food crops are wheat and corn, followed by sorghum, millet, and beans. The main economic crops are cotton, followed by rape, sesame, peanut, hemp, pepper and flue-cured tobacco. It is one of the main wheat and cotton producing areas in our province. Fufeng County is a major agricultural county. It is a major grain production county identified by the state and a production base for grain, rape, pigs, apples, peppers, Qinchuan cattle, etc. in Shaanxi Province. 10,133 hectares of "tons of grain fields" have been built, with a total area of ​​7,333 hectares of fruits, 1,067 hectares of vegetables, and 2,800 hectares of peppers. There are more than 400 acres of natural forest in the north of the county, mainly aspen and oak. Economic forests include apples, persimmons, apricots, walnuts, pears, etc. The main cultivated medicinal materials include Atractylodes, Radix Rehmanniae, Rhubarb, Astragalus, etc. The main wild medicinal materials include Fangfeng, Astragalus, Atractylodes, Bupleurum, Sanguisorba, Ziziphus jujube, Hawthorn, etc. Large livestock include cattle, horses, mules, and donkeys. "Qinchuan cattle" and "Guanzhong donkeys" are widely distributed in villages and towns on the plateau and plains. There are more than 10 kinds of wild birds and animals such as hares and golden pheasants. The industries include agricultural machinery, motors, towels, cement, water pumps, food processing and other factories.

Historic Sites

The Zhouyuan Site is located 9 kilometers north of the county. It is the site of the ancient Kyoto of the Western Zhou Dynasty and is famous both at home and abroad as the "Hometown of Bronze Ware". Famen Temple is located in Famen Town in the north of the county. According to legend, it was built in the Eastern Han Dynasty. It is known as the "ancestor of pagoda temples in Guanzhong". There is a 13-story 8-sided pagoda in the temple, 48 meters high. It collapsed in 1981. In 1986, the pagoda base was being cleaned. At that time, a 1,700-year-old "underground treasure house" was discovered, which contained the finger bone relics of Sakyamuni's real body and a large number of precious cultural relics. This major discovery immediately attracted the attention of many parties, who not only restored the original pagoda, but also expanded it into the Famen Temple Museum. Now Famen Temple has become the tourism leader in western Shaanxi and a world-famous Buddhist holy place. There are also 6 sites including the Tailing Tomb of Emperor Wen of the Sui Dynasty, the Tomb of Bangu of the Eastern Han Dynasty, the Fufeng City God's Temple, the Yangxu Monument of the Tang Dynasty, the Yangxu Tomb, the Tomb of Ma Yuan of the Eastern Han Dynasty, the Jiangyuan Site, and the Wangjiatai Site.

Encyclopedia of Fufeng historical celebrities

1. Ma Yuan. A great general in the early Eastern Han Dynasty. The courtesy name Wenyuan was born in Maoling, Fufeng (now northeast of Xingping, Shaanxi). Born in 14 BC and died in 49 AD. At the end of Xin Mang, he was the Dayin of Xincheng (the prefect of Hanzhong), and later attached himself to Kaixiao, who was in charge of the separatist regime in Longxi. He then returned to Emperor Guangwu Liu Xiu and participated in the war to attack and destroy Kaixiao. In the 11th year of Jianwu of the Han Dynasty, he served as the prefect of Longxi and led his army to defeat the Xianling Qiang. In the 17th year of Jianwu's reign, he was appointed General Fubo and granted the title of Marquis of Xinxi. Later, he died of illness in the army when he attacked the "Wuxi Barbarians" in Wuling.

He once raised horses in the northwest and was taught by experts. He developed the method of horse physiognomy and wrote the "Bronze Horse Physiology". Ma Yuan is the ancestor of the Ma family in Fufeng and has produced many celebrities in later generations. Ma Teng, Ma Chao and Ma Jun are their descendants.

There is Ma Yuan’s tomb in Fubo Village, Chengguan Town, Fufeng County today. Descendants of the Ma family from all over the world have traced their roots and ancestors, and even held a Ma family clan meeting in Fufeng

2. Ban Chao, a famous general of the Eastern Han Dynasty. The courtesy name is Zhongsheng, a native of Anling, Fufeng (now Nantai Village, Chengguan Town, Fufeng County), and the younger brother of Ban Gu. Born in 32 years and died in 102 years. In the 16th year of Yongping's reign, he launched an attack on the Northern Xiongnu nobles from Dougu, and Xuan was ordered to lead 36 officials to the Western Regions. He attacked and killed the personnel stationed in Shanshan and deposed King Shule, who was close to the Xiongnu, thus consolidating Han's rule in the Western Regions.

At the beginning of Emperor Zhang's reign, he stood firm in Shule and other places. From the first year of Zhanghe to the sixth year of Yongyuan, he successively quelled the rebellions of the nobles in Shache, Qiuci and other places, and repelled the Yuezhi's invasion, thus protecting the safety and "security" of all ethnic groups in the Western Regions. The smooth flow of the Silk Road. He was appointed as the Protector of the Western Regions and was later granted the title of Marquis of Dingyuan. He was active in the Western Regions for 31 years. He returned to Luoyang in the 14th year of Yongyuan and died of illness.

3. Ban Gu. Writer and historian of the Eastern Han Dynasty. The courtesy name was Meng Jian, a native of Fufeng Anling (now northeast of Xianyang, Shaanxi Province). At the age of 16, he entered Luoyang Imperial College and was well-read. His father, Ban Biao, wrote more than 100 chapters of "Historical Records". After his father died, he continued to write the "Historical Records". He was accused of privately altering national history and was imprisoned. His younger brother Ban Chao defended him and was pardoned. Later, he was appointed as the Lantai Lingshi, and together with Chen Zhong and others, he wrote "The Chronicles of the Ancestors". He was promoted to the title of "Shenglang" and secretary of the Dian School, and was ordered to compile the "Book of Han". Emperor Zhang Wu was the Xuanwu Sima at that time. In the 4th year of the founding of the People's Republic of China, he accompanied General Dou Xian to attack the Xiongnu and served as the central guard. He wrote the "Yanran Mountain Inscription" to record his merits. Later, Dou Xian was killed because of his abuse of power, was implicated, and died in prison. The unfinished Eight "Tables" of "Hanshu" and "Tianwenzhi" were completed by his sisters Ban Zhao and Ma Xuxu.

Ban Gu once compiled "White Tiger Tongyi" based on the views of various Confucian scholars. He was good at composing poems, such as "Liangdu Fu", "Zhongnan Mountain Fu", etc., and later generations compiled "Pan Lan Tai Collection".

There is a tomb of Ban Gu in Langdian Village, Taibai Township, along the Xibaobei Highway in Fufeng today.

4. Ban Yong. General of the Eastern Han Dynasty. The courtesy name was Yi Liao, a native of Anling, Fufeng (now northeast of Xianyang, Shaanxi Province), and a son of Ban Chao. During the reign of Emperor Han'an, the Xiongnu nobles invaded the Western Regions. He served as the chief historian of the Western Regions and sent 500 troops to the Western Regions. He joined forces with Qiuci to drive away the Xiongnu King Yili. In the first year of Yongjian, he led all the ethnic groups in the Western Regions to defeat King Huyan of the Northern Xiongnu, further consolidating the rule of the Han Dynasty in the Western Regions. Author of "Records of the Western Regions", which is the basis for "Book of the Later Han Dynasty. Biography of the Western Regions"

5. Dou Xian. Minister of the Eastern Han Dynasty. His courtesy name was Bodu, a native of Pingling, Fufeng (now northwest of Xianyang, Shaanxi Province). His birth year is unknown, and he died in 1992. His younger sister was the empress of Emperor Zhang. After Emperor Zhang died, Emperor He ascended the throne, and Empress Dowager Dou came to the court. He served as a servant and controlled the affairs of the court. Soon after, he was appointed general of chariots and cavalry. In the first year of Yongyuan, he led his troops to defeat the Northern Huns and pursued them to Yanshan. Later, he served as a general, governor, Shouling and other local officials. Many of his brothers went out of his way to bully the capital. In the fourth year, Emperor He and the eunuch Zheng Zhong decided to kill the Dou family, so he committed suicide.

6. Geng Bing. General of the Eastern Han Dynasty. His courtesy name was Bochu, a native of Jiefeng Maoling (now northeast of Xingping, Shaanxi). His birth year is unknown, and he died in 1991.

During the reign of Emperor Ming, he served as the Commander-in-Chief of the Prince Consort. In the 17th year of Yongping, he and Dou Gu led troops to defeat the Northern Huns. Later he served as General Zhengxi. In the first year of Yongyuan, he and Dou Xian led troops to defeat the Northern Huns and were granted the title of Marquis of Meiyang.

7. Dou Gu. General of the Eastern Han Dynasty. His courtesy name was Meng Sun, a native of Pingling, Fufeng (now northwest of Xianyang, Shaanxi Province). His birth year is unknown, and he died in 1988. During the reign of Emperor Ming of the Han Dynasty, he was appointed Captain of Fengche, and together with Captain Geng Zhong of Cavalry, led an army of 12,000 cavalry. They left Jiuquan Fortress and reached the Tianshan Mountains to attack King Huyan of the Northern Huns, and pursued them to Puleihai. He went out to Yumen with Geng Bing and others to defeat the forces of the Northern Huns nobles in the Cheshi area. Later, he successively served as Guang Luxun and Wei Wei

8. Geng Gong. General of the Eastern Han Dynasty. His courtesy name was Bozong, a native of Maoling, Fufeng (now northeast of Xingping, Shaanxi). During the reign of Emperor Ming, he was appointed as the captain of Wuji School. Later, he stationed in Shule City in the Western Region and was besieged by the Northern Huns, but he held on unyieldingly. In the first year of Jianchu, the Han army came for reinforcements and led the 26 people who persisted until the end to join the reinforcements. They fought hard and fought for three months. When they arrived at Yumen Pass, only 13 of their troops survived. At that time, he was called "Jie Su Wu".

9. Ma Rong. Confucian scholar, famous Confucian scholar and writer of the Eastern Han Dynasty. Ji Chang, a native of Fufeng Maoling (now northeast of Xingping, Shaanxi Province), was a grandson of Ma Yuan, a famous general in the Eastern Han Dynasty. Born in 1979 and died in 166.

He once served as Xiaoshu Lang, Yi Lang, and Nanjun Prefect. He was talented and good at writing. After being discharged due to illness, he gave lectures at home. He often sat in a high hall, covered with silk gauze as a tent, and taught the first disciples and then the female musicians. He had a certain influence on the abandonment of ethics and ethics among the Qing Taoists in the Wei and Jin Dynasties. Ma Rong has extensive knowledge of ancient Chinese classics and is known as "Tong Confucianism" in the world. His theory integrates various schools of thought and is a pioneering work in the history of the development of Confucianism. Many of the classics works have been lost.

Today's Jiangzhang Town, Fufeng County is where he set up tents for his lectures. There is a Jiangzhang Railway Station on the Longhai Railway.

10. Ma Teng. A general in the late Eastern Han Dynasty. The courtesy name was Hanshou, a native of Jiefeng Maoling (now northeast of Xingping, Shaanxi). In the last years of Emperor Ling of the Han Dynasty, the people in the western border rebelled. Ma Teng enlisted in the army and was promoted to the general of the Western Conquest due to his numerous military exploits. During the reign of Emperor Xian of the Han Dynasty, he was appeased by Cao Cao, made great contributions to the defense of Guanzhong, and was promoted to the capital as a guard. Later, his son Ma Chao surrendered to Liu Bei and was killed by Cao Cao. He was buried by the Shiliang River in Xuchang. There is Ma Teng's tomb in Xuchang today.

11. Ma Chao. One of the Five Tiger Generals of the Shu Han Dynasty during the Three Kingdoms period.

Named Mengqi, born in 176 and died in 222. A native of Jiefeng Maoling (now northeast of Xingping, Shaanxi Province). The son of Ma Teng, he joined his father's army in the late Eastern Han Dynasty. Later, he led Ma Teng's tribe to Liangzhou and was known as Xiliang Ma Chao. In the 16th year of Wei Jian'an's reign, he led his troops to attack Cao Cao and was defeated by Cao Cao in Tongguan. He still lived in Liangzhou. Later, he was expelled by Yang Fu and others, and led his troops to attach themselves to Zhang Lu. He then returned to Liu Bei and served as General of Hussars. Later, he was granted the title of Marquis of Taixiang by the Jin Dynasty.

12. Ma Jun. Machinery and inventor during the Three Kingdoms period. The courtesy name was Deheng, a native of Fufeng (now southeast of Xingping, Shaanxi). He first served as a doctor (academic official) in Wei State, and was appointed as Shizhong from the first year of Taihe to the third year of Jingchu (277-239) by Emperor Wei Ming.

Having been eager to learn since childhood, he designed the overturned waterwheel (later known as the keel waterwheel), which was one of the most advanced water-lifting machines at the time. Improved looms can increase work efficiency by 4-5 times. He also designed and manufactured a compass car, improved Zhuge Liang's repeating crossbow, and created a siege weapon called a "stone transport machine." 13. Ma Phosphorus (change the word "stone" next to the word "王"). General of the Tang Dynasty. Fufeng A native of Maoling (now northeast of Xingping, Shaanxi), a descendant of Ma Yuan, he was born in 721 and died in 777. He read the "Book of Han. Biography of Ma Yuan", joined the army with a sword, and joined the Jiedushi of Anxi (now Turpan). He built many villages in 15 years. With extraordinary achievements, he became the general of Jinwu Guard.

He was appointed as the governor of Zhenxi and led 3,000 elite troops to Fengxiang. Emperor Suzong of the Tang Dynasty entrusted him with the task of fighting against the rebels in the east and defeated the rebels in Shaanzhou. In the first year of Baoying (762), various armies of the Tang Dynasty fought against Shi Chaoyi's 100,000 rebels in Luoyang. He led 500 cavalry into and out of the enemy's formation three times, and the rebels were defeated and fled. In the second year of De (764), he was ordered to defend the northwest, and fought the "Battle of Fengxiang", "Battle of Binwu" and "Battle of Panyuan" with Tubo and Huiguo, which saved Tang Jingji from being invaded many times. In the 12th year of Dali, he became ill due to overwork and died in the army.

Note: Fufeng in history is not limited to the current Fufeng County. , please refer to the "Evolution" column below.

Transportation

Longhai Railway, Xibao Expressway, and the north line of Xibao Highway cross the border from the south. It provides great convenience for visiting Famen Temple and Tangyu.

Organizational history

In the primitive society, the county belonged to the Jiang Kingdom (tribe). >During the Huangdi period, it belonged to the Qibo Kingdom (tribe) and the Houji Zhou Kingdom (tribe).

In the Yao and Shun era, it was a fiefdom abandoned by the first ancestor of Zhou Dynasty. It belonged to the Tai family in Houji.

In the Western Zhou Dynasty, it belonged to Qiyi and was the capital city.

In the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, in the 12th year of Qin Xiaogong (350 BC), Meiyang County was established in Famen Town, and Tai County was established in Faxi Village, Rogu Township. , Belonging to Neishi.

In the Western Han Dynasty, Meiyang County and Tai County were initially under the jurisdiction of Yong State, and later came under the jurisdiction of Xinmang in the first year of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty (104 BC). The governor's office of Fufeng County.

During the Eastern Han Dynasty, the jurisdiction of Meiyang County was changed to Wugong County.

During the Three Kingdoms, the jurisdiction of Meiyang and Wugong counties remained unchanged. It was under the jurisdiction of Fufeng County.

In the Western Jin Dynasty, Meiyang County belonged to Fufeng County, and Wugong County belonged to Shiping County.

Meiyang County was abolished in the seventh year of Taiping Zhenjun in the Northern Wei Dynasty (446). Zhoucheng County was established in the northern part of today's county and the northeast of Qishan County. Meiyang County was merged into Zhoucheng County. The city was governed at the present Zhouyuan site and returned to Qin County. In the 11th year of Emperor Xiaowen's Taihe reign (487), Wugong County was withdrawn. Meiyang County was established in Jiangyuanzui of Wugong County, which governed the southern part of the current county, all of Wugong County, Taibai, Luogu, Taiting and other places, and came under the jurisdiction of Wugong County in the fourth year of Tianhe in the Northern Zhou Dynasty (569). ), moved to Meiyang County to govern Chongzheng Town. In the third year of Jiande (574), Zhoucheng County was moved to Meicheng, and Sanlong County was established on the original site of Zhoucheng County; Meiyang County was removed, and the county was returned to Qishan. Tingchuan (now Wugong Town).

In the 16th year of Emperor Wen's reign (596), Sanlong County was renamed Qishan County, and the city was located ten miles south of Qishan (now Jiankuoling).

In the third year of Wude (620), Emperor Gaozu of the Tang Dynasty, Fufeng County (commonly known as Dongfufeng) was established in Changning Town, Wugong, and Weichuan County was established at the current county site. In the first year of Zhenguan (627) of Taizong, Fufeng County was withdrawn. In the eighth year of Zhenguan (634), Weichuan County was changed to Fufeng County, and Qiyang County was established in present-day Famen Town. In the third year of Yuanhe (808), Qiyang County was withdrawn.

During the Five Dynasties, including the Liang, Tang, Jin, Han, and Zhou dynasties, the establishment of Fufeng County remained unchanged and came under the jurisdiction of Fengxiang Prefecture.

During the Northern Song Dynasty, the county structure remained unchanged.

In the early Southern Song Dynasty (1127), the Jin people ruled the north and changed its name to Fuxing County. Later, it regained its original name and came under the jurisdiction of Fengxiang Mansion. During the Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties, the county name and city administration remained unchanged.

In the Yuan Dynasty, it was under the jurisdiction of Fengxiang Mansion of Xingzhong Province, Shaanxi Province. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, it was under the jurisdiction of the Fengxiang Mansion of Shaanxi Chief Envoy Si Fengxiang.

At the beginning of the Republic of China, it belonged to Guanzhong Road in Shaanxi. From the 24th to the 38th year (1935-1949), it was under the jurisdiction of the Commissioner's Office of the Ninth Administrative Supervision District of Baoji.

After liberation on July 13, 1949, the County People's Government was established, under the jurisdiction of the Baoji Commissioner's Office.

Incorporated into Xingping County in December 1958. It was separated from Xingping County in August 1961 and is now under the jurisdiction of Baoji City.

On December 5, 2007, Fufeng County was awarded the honorable title of 2007 National Advanced County in Cultural Relics Work by the Ministry of Culture of the People's Republic of China and the State Administration of Cultural Heritage.

In December 2007, it was named "China's Strong Tourism County" by the National Tourism Administration.

In May 2008, it was named a provincial-level "Ping'an County" by Shaanxi Province.

In 2008, it was named "National Strong Food Industry County" and "National Agricultural Products Processing Entrepreneurship Base".

Snacks

Fufeng Deer Cake Steamed Bun

It is baked with fine flour, sugar, oil, five-spice powder and other ingredients. The steamed buns are decorated with deer-shaped patterns. The color is white and bright, the taste is sweet, it does not fall apart when cooked, and does not become moldy when stored. In the past, it was often carried for food when traveling far away.

Fufeng Deer Cake Steamed Buns

"Qishan noodles, Fengxiang wine, Fufeng Deer Cake can be found in Beijing." This is a folk song about famous and special products spread in the Xifu area of ​​Guanzhong. Fufeng deer cake is a kind of baked bun, which is a famous local food.

Fufeng County is located in the west of the Guanzhong Plain and is the birthplace of Zhou and Qin. In the Tang Dynasty, it was established as Sichuan County, and later renamed Fufeng County. It is located in the Weihe Plain, with fertile land and abundant products. The ancient culture and developed economy have also given birth to many famous and special foods. Almost all people who have been to Fufeng County praise Fufeng deer cake buns for their unique characteristics, unique flavor, crispy fragrance and delicious taste.

Fufeng deer cake bun is a round baked bun, also known as deer cake dry food. It is shaped like a full moon, about the size of a bowl, about an inch thick, and has a skin as thin as paper. The inside and outside are the same color, white with a hint of milky yellow, and the back is slightly raised. There is a small round pit in the middle of the front, and the pit is decorated with a red sika deer pattern printed with rouge. Hence the name "deer cake". The whole shape is unique and ingenious, like a piece of exquisite art.

The production of Fufeng Deer Cake has a history of more than a thousand years. It evolved from the Double Ninth Festival food "Double Ninth Cake". "Records of the Years" says: "On September 9th, among the people, steamed cakes with flour noodles are placed on top of several small deers, which are called Shilu Cake." "Tang Liudian Shanbu" also calls it "Nine Days Ma Ge Cake". The "deer on top" here is a cake decorated with deer patterns. Chang'an was the capital of the Tang Dynasty. Since Fufeng Deer Cake was a well-known food, people would bring the cake with them when they went to Beijing for business, either as food for the journey or as gifts to relatives and friends in the capital, so the saying "Fufeng Deer Cake goes around the capital" was passed down.

The production of Fufeng deer cake is to use fine white flour specially made from the finest wheat. It is first fermented with water, then stirred and kneaded until it is very dry and hard. Then sesame oil or pork suet, eggs and five-spice seasoning are added. , use a wooden pole to repeatedly press and knead it on the chopping board until it is as smooth as mud, then knead it into long strips, divide it into balls into cakes, put it in a pot, bake it slowly with high fire and then slow fire. There are two kinds: salty and sweet. Neither dry nor hard, neither stubborn nor soft, crispy, fragrant and delicious, and will not go moldy after being stored for a long time. Therefore, people who come to Fufeng from other places, in addition to having a good time, always take some with them when they leave, as delicacies for the journey, or as treasures to take home as treasures for family and friends to enjoy. Fufeng locals always bring "deer cake steamed buns" as a high-quality gift to show their respect when visiting relatives and friends during the four seasons and eight festivals.

As time goes by, we have experienced vicissitudes of life. There is also a legend that an old man named Qiucheng was famous for making "Fufeng Deer Cake" in Dongsibao, Fufeng County. Nowadays, the most famous deer cake maker in Fufeng County is the family of Wang Shuxiang, an 80-year-old man in the fourth village of Guandong, Chengdu. Three generations of his ancestors have made a living by making "Fufeng deer cake". The deer cake he made tastes fresher.

On November 12, 2020, the list of the top 100 counties and cities in China’s county tourism comprehensive competitiveness in 2020 was announced, and Fufeng County was on the list.

In 2020, Fufeng County was selected as one of the top 100 counties and cities in China’s county tourism competitiveness in 2019. The representative attraction is Famen Temple.

On October 29, 2019, Fufeng County was named one of the “Second Batch of National Agricultural Products Quality and Safety Counties” by the Ministry of Agriculture.

On August 16, 2018, Fufeng County won the honor of the fourth batch of advanced units in the national rule of law county and city creation activities.

On February 16, 2016, Fufeng County was included in the list of counties (cities, districts) with basically balanced development of compulsory education nationwide in 2015.

On January 14, 2014, the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development named Fufeng County as the 2013 National Garden County.