the university entrance exam review
First, carefully study the examination syllabus and accurately grasp the lifeblood of the college entrance examination.
Examination Outline is the basis of college entrance examination proposition.
Some researchers believe that the best review textbook is not the textbook, but the exam outline, which is absolutely true. The basis of the college entrance examination proposition is the relevant provisions of the examination syllabus, and the teaching materials are only models used in teaching and review, not the basis of the proposition, because the examination is in front and the teaching materials are always behind. The college entrance examination is to promote teaching and education reform. The relevant leaders of the Ministry of Education once summed up the relationship between the syllabus and teaching materials and the college entrance examination: "There are some syllabuses and teaching materials that must be tested in the college entrance examination; If the syllabus is available and the teaching materials are not, the exam will not be taken for the time being; If there is no outline and there are teaching materials, the college entrance examination will definitely not be tested. " Therefore, first of all, we should thoroughly understand the examination outline, analyze its changes in ability requirements and examination content, and the differences between it and the teaching materials, so as to make mistakes in review. 2.
On the basis of basic knowledge, highlight the examination of the main knowledge of the subject.
The understanding of the person in charge of the national examination center on the proposition of the college entrance examination;
The basic principles of the geography proposition in the college entrance examination are: ① to examine the main knowledge of geography (the main knowledge is the main line and way of thinking that supports the subject); (2) mainly examine students' learning ability (such as memory, understanding, analysis, summary and synthesis, among which the ability to find information, extract information and process information is very important); (3) the ability to explain and demonstrate the problems of this discipline from the perspective of discipline; ④ The principle of integrating theory with practice; ⑤ Principles embodying geographical characteristics.
According to these spirits, the proposition of the comprehensive examination questions of geography in the college entrance examination mainly revolves around the compulsory knowledge of geography in senior high school (volumes 1 and 2), map, latitude and longitude. These include time calculation, weather and climate, terrestrial and marine environment (rivers, vegetation, geological processes, ocean currents, temperature and salinity of seawater), human production activities, urbanization and urban environmental problems and sustainable development, maps, etc. It is the main test site for the geographical part of literature and comprehensive studies, and it is also the focus of review and preparation. Physical geography emphasizes the application of principles and laws, and needs to learn geographical thinking methods, master geographical principles and laws, and analyze and solve practical problems with these principles and laws. Human geography emphasizes the application of ideas and methods, and should be evaluated and reflected in combination with reality, and pay attention to cultivating the ability of knowledge transfer. The regional geography part focuses on the spatial positioning of geographical things, the interpretation skills of images and charts, the understanding and application of basic concepts, and the comprehensive analysis of system geography principles, which are the contents that should be learned to improve the ability to solve problems. 3.
Examination of outstanding ability ① Examining the learning ability of candidates is the consistent pursuit of the proposition of college entrance examination, which embodies the ultimate goal and value orientation of the examination. Attach importance to the ability of candidates to obtain and interpret information. Throughout the college entrance examination papers in recent years, a large number of new materials have been used in the design of examination questions, which provide new information for candidates, create new problem scenarios, and pay attention to the ways for candidates to obtain information and their ability to analyze and solve problems. (2) Strengthen the ability to use and mobilize knowledge. Examines whether the examinee can relate the obtained information with relevant knowledge, and can accurately use relevant knowledge and information to understand and explain the problem. This ability is particularly important in the examination, and it is also an important means to test students' ability to use knowledge independently. Generally speaking, the ability to use knowledge can be divided into three levels. The lowest performance is to be able to qualitatively explain geographical phenomena and geographical problems. The higher level is to be able to link all kinds of backbone knowledge to explain problems. The higher level is to combine the original backbone knowledge with the obtained geographical information for analysis and application. (3) the ability to describe and explain things. Description is mainly manifested in meticulous and comprehensive observation and accurate and concise expression; While accurately expressing the ability to explain things, it is also manifested in rational thinking such as analysis, synthesis, induction and generalization. This ability is obviously manifested in whether it can be described and explained with concise and accurate subject words. ④ Pay attention to the ability of argumentation and discussion. In fact, this goal is to examine how candidates demonstrate and discuss problems, which is basically a matter of methods, and requires candidates to demonstrate geographical issues by means of judgment, induction, deduction, comparison and generalization. Of course, the basic knowledge and principles of geography are the solid foundation for demonstrating and discussing geographical problems. This ability requirement is mainly reflected in the process of answering subjective questions. 4.
Highlight the sense of the times, pay attention to social hotspots, pay attention to integrating theory with practice, highlight all-round quality, and pay more attention to the humanistic quality of candidates with multiple information as the carrier.
The hot spots here include long-term hot spots such as environment and sustainable development, energy issues, globalization issues, and some hidden display hot issues. The concealment of hot issues in college entrance examination has increased in recent years, but every year, the starting point of hot issues has the shadow of major events at home and abroad, which is called "keeping pace with the times".
Second, carefully analyze and study the national college entrance examination papers in recent years, clarify the characteristics of the examination, and accurately grasp the main knowledge and hot knowledge of the college entrance examination.
Some people say that "the best review material is the college entrance examination paper, and learning the college entrance examination is more important than learning the textbook". I quite agree with this statement. It is an important way to find and summarize the characteristics and laws of college entrance examination questions by studying the comprehensive examination papers of liberal arts in recent years and review students in a targeted manner. 1.
Characteristics of college entrance examination questions in recent years. Through the analysis of college entrance examination questions in recent years, it is not difficult to see that the questions have the following characteristics. (1) Maintain "continuity" and "stability", seek change in stability, seek innovation in stability, seek stability in change, and be relatively stable in general. The test questions are presented to students with a peaceful face. (2) Highlight the knowledge with weight in the main knowledge, pay attention to the quality of thinking, and pay attention to the reorganization and integration of knowledge. Pay attention to ability and conception, emphasize the evaluation of thinking method and thinking process, emphasize the professional quality of candidates, and pay attention to the examination of candidates' practical application ability and innovation ability. ③ Highlight the examination of information processing ability. ④ It fully reflects the direction of national curriculum reform, especially in the aspects of curriculum plan, curriculum standards and research-based learning. For example, the embodiment of autonomous learning and inquiry learning in college entrance examination questions. The examination questions will highlight humanity and the times, and highlight humanistic care and social harmony. ⑤ Emphasize the discipline characteristics and highlight the geographical ability. 2.
Main knowledge examination
It is emphasized that the examination of the main knowledge is the basic measure and means to ensure the fairness and effectiveness of the examination. Therefore, the college entrance examination questions will closely focus on: the geographical significance of the earth's movement (taking the sunshine map as the information carrier, examining the time calculation, judging the solar terms, analyzing the length of day and night and the change of the noon sun height, etc.). ); The movement of the atmosphere, the formation factors of climate, the characteristics and distribution laws of main climate types, meteorological disasters and the influence of human activities are analyzed in detail. Basic types of geological structures and their applications in production and life, plate movement and geological disasters; Distribution law of seawater salinity and ocean current and their mutual influence; The integrity and regional differences of geographical environment; Resources and energy issues; Location analysis of industry, agriculture and transportation; Agricultural regional types; Industrial layout; Urbanization and functional zoning of urban areas; Population problems (population growth, aging, migrant workers flow); Cultural landscape and cultural communication; Environmental problems in tourism resource evaluation and tourism activities; Eco-environmental problems and sustainable development: regional spatial orientation; Analysis and description of the characteristics of regional physical geography elements; The relationship between human activities and geographical environment in the region and its development direction; Land consolidation in China and its derivative knowledge points. These have become the key knowledge points that must be paid attention to in the process of geography review and preparation.
Third, the review preparation strategy in less than 100 days of review time, the general principle of geography preparation review is "according to the outline (examination outline) and according to the book (teaching material), check for leaks and fill gaps; Pay attention to the foundation and improve the ability; Pay attention to the examination of questions (habits) and train the ability to answer questions (abilities). 1.
Review rationally and win with wisdom.
Rational review is to grasp the three "commanding heights" of comprehensive literature in college entrance examination (to lay a solid foundation and provide support for comprehensive literature; Learn to analyze and integrate and find the breakthrough point to solve the problem; Create a problem situation carrier and build a subject connection point) 2.
Deepen the ability and emphasize the strain. Stress on contingency is to make rational use of teaching materials. 3.
Lay a solid foundation and strengthen special topics. 4.
Learn the "two lessons", concentrate and comment. 5.
Break the routine and innovate training. 6.
Global consideration and dynamic weakening. 7.
People-oriented, learning students. 8.
According to the outline, check for leaks and fill gaps. 9.
Pay attention to hot spots and broaden your horizons.