What's the difference between the sea in Qingdao all year round?
Summer: it's about 30 degrees, so it's shorter to wear. At night, blowing sea breeze can cool down.
Winter: The temperature will not be too low. If it's not good, a warm coat, a sweater and a down jacket will be OK ~
Let me show you the following information for your reference:
Qingdao is located on the coast of the Yellow Sea where the East Asian monsoon is developed. Influenced by monsoon and ocean, the four seasons change obviously. In the summer half year (April-September), the southeast monsoon blows from the sea, which is directly regulated and influenced by the marine environment, making Qingdao humid, with abundant rainfall, small daily temperature difference and no high temperature and heat, and has obvious maritime climate characteristics; In the winter half year (65438+1October to March of the following year), the monsoon blows from Eurasia, and Qingdao is controlled by the cold high pressure in southern Mongolia. The dry and cold northwest wind greatly weakens the influence of the ocean on this area, and the climate is dry and the temperature is low, which fully shows the characteristics of continental climate.
Climatic characteristics
According to the meteorological records of Qingdao in recent 90 years, the basic characteristics of Qingdao's climate are as follows:
(1) It is slightly cold in winter and cool and short in summer. The annual average temperature in Qingdao 12.2℃. The annual average maximum temperature 15.9℃, the annual average minimum temperature 9. 1℃, the hottest month appears in August, the monthly average temperature is 25℃, and the average maximum temperature is 28.5℃: the most Leng Yue appears in 5438+ 10, and the monthly average temperature is-1.2.
Since the meteorological record in Qingdao, the extreme maximum temperature has reached 36.2℃, appearing at 65438+July 31.0939; The extreme minimum temperature reached-16.9℃ and appeared on 193 1 year 1 month 10.
Statistics of monthly average and average maximum (minimum) temperature (℃) in Qingdao
Table February123455678910112
Average value-1.20.410.215.7 20.0 24.0 25.021.416.08.81.912.
Maximum 2.2 3.7 8.414.4 20.0 23.7 26.8 28.5 25.3 20.012.4 5.015.9.
The minimum value is 4.5-3.21.27.1.2.51.7.421.6 22.61.8.21.
In June, the average monthly temperature in Qingdao was the lowest at 5438+ 10, which was 1.2℃ higher than that in Jinan, an inland city of the same latitude, and the average minimum temperature was 2.2℃ higher than that in Jinan. Qingdao rarely has such "biting cold" weather as Jinan. With the expansion of industrial production and urban construction in Qingdao, the population density and artificial heat sources such as buildings and traffic vehicles have increased sharply. The obvious "heat island effect" in the urban area of Qingdao is changing the climate of Qingdao, which makes the average temperature in Qingdao show a warming trend, especially in winter. The winter in Qingdao lasts for a long time, from 1 1 1 (Jinan's 1 12) to 10 in April of the following year (Jinan's 3 10).
The average monthly temperature in Qingdao in August is the highest in the whole year, which is 25.3℃, and the extreme maximum temperature is only 36.2℃ (July 0939, 65438+3 1), while that in Jinan is as high as 42.7℃ (July 0942, 65438+ 16). In Jinan, the average number of days when the daily maximum temperature is ≥35℃ is more than 30 days per year, while in Qingdao, 1898 ~ 1973 only appears once every five years. The summer in Qingdao lasts for a short time, starting around July 1 and ending around September 10, about 70 days, 50 days less than that in Jinan.
(two) the wind is strong and frequent, and the dominant wind direction is southerly. Qingdao is located in an area with frequent monsoon activities. Due to the influence of natural canyon corridor topography, it is not only windy, but also windy. The annual average wind speed in Qingdao is 5.3m/s, the maximum wind speed is 6.0m/s in April, and the minimum wind speed is 4.6m/s in August and September. The monthly average wind speed distribution in Qingdao is basically "two peaks and one valley".
The wind speed increases in June 5438- 10 every year, and the wind speed is greater than the annual average in eight months of the year. The annual maximum wind speed in Qingdao (that is, the average value of 10 minute) is 37.2 m/s, which occurred on July 26th, 1949 at/kloc-0. The wind direction is N, and the maximum wind speed in each month is above 22.0 m/s.: The annual maximum wind speed (instantaneous maximum wind speed) reaches 44.2 m/s, and the wind direction is NW, appearing on1July, 956 10, and the monthly maximum wind speed in Qingdao is above 31m/s.
According to the statistics of wind speed data of three stations in Qingdao (Guanxiangshan, Qiancun and Ma Shang Town), the average number of days with strong wind ≥ 10 m/s (about magnitude 6 or above) in Qingdao is 143.6 days; The number of windy days ≥17.2m/s (above magnitude 8) is 68.5 days per year on average.
Qingdao is directly influenced by the ocean and has obvious characteristics of land and sea breeze. Due to the change of temperature difference between land and sea during the day, the wind direction often changes to shore or offshore overnight, blowing from the sea during the day and from the land at night. The land and sea breeze in Qingdao mostly occurs from June to 10, especially in midsummer.
The frequency of each wind direction in Qingdao is the most, accounting for 16%, which is the dominant wind direction in Qingdao, followed by N, S and NNW, with the frequency of 12%. The annual wind frequency of WSW, ESE and NE is the smallest, all of which are 1%, and the static wind frequency of Qingdao is 3%.
Due to the influence of topography, Qingdao stations are not far apart, but the wind direction is obviously different.
(3) Rainwater is concentrated in summer, with large variability. According to the 89-year meteorological precipitation record of 1899- 1987, the average annual precipitation in Qingdao is 687.3 mm; The annual precipitation is 19 1 1 at most, reaching1272.7mm; 198 1 the annual precipitation is the least, only 308.3 mm. The annual variation of precipitation in Qingdao is "single peak", with the most precipitation in July and the least precipitation in 65438+ 10. Most of the annual precipitation in Qingdao is concentrated in summer, and the precipitation from June to August accounts for about 58% of the annual precipitation. Followed by autumn, there is more precipitation in September, accounting for about 23% of the total annual precipitation; The precipitation in spring is less, accounting for about14% of the total precipitation in the whole year; Winter precipitation is the least, accounting for only 5% of the annual precipitation.
The monthly distribution of precipitation in Qingdao is extremely uneven and the variability is large. The annual average relative variability of precipitation is 23%, which is smaller in summer and larger in winter.
The average annual precipitation days in Qingdao are 86.3 days (≥ 0. 1mm), with the highest in July reaching 14.0 days and the lowest in June, only 3.5 days. The average precipitation intensity is 8.0mm/ day, the annual precipitation intensity is the highest in August, reaching 13.8mm/ day, and the lowest in February, only 2.4mm/ day. The maximum daily precipitation for many years is 269.6 mm, which occurred on1September 5, 956.
The rainy season (also known as the flood season) in Qingdao begins in late June, lasts for 80 days, and ends in early September. The rainy season precipitation in Qingdao is 4 14.7mm, accounting for 60.3% of the annual average total precipitation.
(4) Frequent cold waves in winter and wet fog in summer. Cold wave and wet fog are important climatic phenomena unique to Qingdao. Most of the fog in Qingdao is advection fog, that is, sea fog.
At the end of autumn and the beginning of spring, due to the outbreak of strong cold and high pressure in Siberia, the cold air activity in the north is becoming more and more frequent, and the cold wave invading Qingdao is also increasing. According to statistics, there are about three cold waves caused by strong cold air invading Qingdao every month in the winter half year, and in June, there are more cold waves in 5438+ 10, reaching 5 ~ 6 times, while the influence of small cold air in the south is more frequent, which conforms to the law of "a big cold (tide) every ten days and a small cold (tide) every five days".
Sea fog is a remarkable feature of Qingdao's climate, which is not only long in fog period, but also high in concentration, second only to Chongqing, the foggy capital. The average number of foggy days in Qingdao is 49.3 days, and sea fog prevails from March to July every year, which is the foggy season in Qingdao.
Throughout the year, the foggy season is summer, which can appear once every four days on average. Especially in July, the foggy days in just one month reached 1 1.2 days, but in August, the sea fog will drop sharply. The daily variation of sea fog in Qingdao is also quite regular, and its variation trend is opposite to the temperature, generally at 6, 7 and 8 in the morning. At this time, the temperature is the lowest, the atmospheric stratification is relatively stable, the sea fog is the most conducive to landing, and the frequency of sea fog is the highest. 12 ~ 15, the sunshine is strengthened, the ground temperature rises rapidly, and the highest temperature in a day appears. Due to the thermal effect, the updraft is intensified, the turbulence is intensified, and the atmospheric stratification is unstable, which is not conducive to the landing of sea fog, and the number of sea fog is the least.