How do Liaoning people view the history of going to Guandong?
when it comes to the journey to the east, the first thing that comes to mind is the reason why the Central Plains people went north to go through the customs. Everyone knows that the climate in the central plains is more comfortable than that in the northeast, and there is no such cold weather in winter. More importantly, people in the Central Plains pay attention to returning to their roots, and it really takes a lot of determination and courage to leave their homes. On the one hand, it is due to the policy support of the Qing government and the National Government, and on the other hand, there are many refugees flooding in the lower reaches of the Yellow River.
Before the Qing government, people from the Central Plains were not allowed to leave the customs, which was also closely related to the closed door policy. It was not until 185 that Shanhaiguan was opened to allow the population to flow. Not only the population but also the culture of the Central Plains flowed, especially Confucius and Mencius thought, which also played an important role in shaping the "character" of Northeast China today.
I am a classmate from Liaoning. His ancestral home is Linyi, Shandong Province. Although he is a native of Northeast China, his customs and food culture are very similar to those of Shandong people. He is also proud of his ancestors' pioneering spirit, which is a spirit of courage to explore and self-reliance.
Liaoning people call the person who came to Liaoning from Shandong to make the journey to the East Hainan lost. From the end of the Qing Dynasty to the Republic of China, after Japan occupied four eastern provinces (later changed to three provinces) after the Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895, it took a lot of labor to build railways, build factories, mine mines and start foreign firms, and there were many people in the local area. In order to solve the shortage of people, the Japanese colonial authorities recruited a lot of labor in Shandong, Hebei Province to make up for the shortage of people, especially in Shandong Province, because Farmers have been working in the fields all their lives, and they can't see money until they sell food in the autumn harvest. But when they go to the northeast to work in the coal mine at the factory pier, they can see money every month. Besides eating and drinking, they still have some savings to mail back to their hometown in Shandong. People in their hometown spread word that it is good to travel to the Kanto. Later, they all came to visit the Kanto by boat and steam boat. Seventy-five percent of Dalian is from Shandong. After more than 1 years in Cang Sang, Northeast China has witnessed prosperity. As a heavy industry province, Liaoning has created wealth for the country, and there is a credit lost by Hainan.
As people in Shenyang feel that there is nothing to talk about, I only heard the old man say that in the past, Guanli was poor and famished, and many Shandong people came to beg for food and make a living. As local people, I have no special feelings. I remember that in the early 199s, many Shandong people came to beg for garbage collection and waste collection, and many students and descendants of immigrants moved here. Later, they grew up and went to some Shandong cities, and many Shandong local friends chatted with you. Between words, they will think that the Northeast is descended from Shandong, and all of them were in the past. To be honest, they are disgusted to hear these remarks. I think that the historical event of going to the East has to be asked by Shandong people or descendants of immigrants. There are many immigrants from Northeast Shandong, but they can't represent everyone. The descendants of immigrants are not all from Shandong. Since ancient times, there have been many ethnic groups living in the customs. During the Warring States Period, some areas in Liaodong also belonged to the old place of Yan State, not to mention Liaoning and even. The local culture of the three northeastern provinces Hongshan Culture Xinle site has a history of nearly 1, years. Xianbei Qidan Nuzhen Mongolian Koguryo has been in charge of the north for more than hundreds of years. The Qing army entered the customs and merged into the northeast, which laid the foundation for Xinjiang, Mongolia and Tibet to recover Taiwan Province and laid the modern territory. These are the historical adventures, which belong to folk activities, not to mention the history belongs to external events. The northeast has a unique history, humanity and local culture. Qilu culture, lifestyle and diet in Shandong are different, so you have to ask Shandong people
to make a living, go to the northeast, east of Shanhaiguan. Because of the hard road, it is said: rush!
crossing the Kanto is a tragic history and an immigration feat. The large-scale advance of Central Plains culture to kanto region is actually a plane transplant of Central Plains culture.
since the late Qing dynasty, a large number of people in Shanhaiguan have been forced to start "crossing the East" because of many factors such as natural disasters and man-made disasters. In the meantime, Shandong people account for the largest proportion. Based on the incident of Shandong people's "crossing the Kanto" in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China, this paper attempts to explore the influence of "crossing the Kanto" on the northeast civilization from the perspective of civilization exchange and customs change, and then explore the chronological meaning of "crossing the Kanto". After Shandong people came to the northeast, they began to diligently invent the future with hard-working hands.
In the northeast, they either cultivate land and become self-sufficient; Or run a business and open a shop; Or engaged in industry and commerce, hard work. "Shandong coolies" wrote: "He is equal to being able to endure the hardships of wind, frost, rain and snow during the tour, and he is in rags and doesn't mind at all ... He doesn't want to stay in the inn in the dark, and often lies under the eaves of others." It is a true portrayal of the hard struggle of Shandong citizens. Their hard-working payment is beyond the imagination of ordinary people, and it is this persistent struggle that makes Shandong people take root in the land of Baishan Blackwater and make a strong and unyielding living. Shandong people's "crossing the Kanto" not only brought a lot of labor force, but also injected fresh "blood" into the Northeast. Together with such a large-scale immigration movement, it also completed the collision and blending of cross-regional civilizations. Qilu civilization in Shandong and Manchu civilization in Northeast China, and the different temperament, customs and hobbies of Shandong people and Northeast aborigines blend with each other, depicting the temperament of Northeast people, greatly enriching the civilization in Northeast China and forming a unique Kanto style. It is embodied in the following three levels: First, "Going to the East" itself has a very rich civilization value. As mentioned above, as a painful suffering history, it has now been integrated into the blood of the Northeast people and infiltrated into the bone marrow, becoming a deep and long-term civilization mark and a memory passed down from generation to generation. Shandong citizens and Northeast citizens spontaneously reflected the "disaster history" at that time through various art forms, such as the legend of "old Li with bald tail". It is mainly spread in Shandong, Liaoning, Jilin and other places. The general content is that a couple in Wendeng, Shandong gave birth to a little dragon, and Xiaolong's father cut off his tail in a rage, and Xiaolong was named "Old Li with a bald tail" from then on. And "old Li with bald tail" later cultivated into a dragon god, to protect the safety of Shandong citizens crossing the sea. For another example, at that time, on the ferry in Heilongjiang River Basin, whenever the boatman wanted to sail, he would habitually ask if there were any Shandong people on board. If not, the boatman would not sail.
Together, they prove the pre-immigration history of "going to the East" and reflect the fact that Shandong people and Northeast people are United, cooperative and friendly. Secondly, Shandong people's attitude towards life and philosophy of life deeply affect the characterization of citizens in Northeast China, and the customs, folk customs and public opinions in Northeast China are all marked with the traces of Shandong people's temperament. As a state of etiquette, Qilu civilization in Shandong is one of the traditional mainstream civilizations in China. Under this influence, Shandong people also have the same temperament characteristics: they are frugal and hospitable, loyal and generous, and are not stingy with others; They are generous and broad-minded, charitable and very loyal; They are simple and hard-working, emphasizing righteousness over profit, and the whole Shandong can be said to be simple in folk customs. Therefore, when these generous Shandong people get along with the aborigines in Northeast China day and night, over time, they will be exposed to the terrain and become the temperament characteristics of the Northeast people who are straightforward, open-minded and broad-minded. Together, Shandong people's thoughts also have aspects of preservation and tradition. Influenced by Confucian civilization for a long time, Shandong people have a strong local concept, and most of them have moved to another place. As the Shandong region has always spread the saying: "Farming is the line for thousands of lines" and "Farming is the best for thirty-six lines." It shows that "in the minds of Shandong people, land is the most basic, and farming is the noblest and most decent way to make a living." Therefore, after coming to the Northeast, most Shandong immigrants still stick to the traditional small-scale peasant thought and continue the traditional farming days of reclaiming land, which also corresponds to the temperament characteristics of the Northeast people, which are relatively weak in risk-taking and relatively traditional preservation. Generally speaking, many character characteristics of Northeasters, such as the way of thinking, accommodating mind, prosperous enterprising energy, attaching importance to feelings and righteousness, and being helpful, are inextricably linked with the years of "going to the East". "Going to the East", an unprecedented scale in modern history, has greatly increased the population of Northeast China, introduced commodity economy and started industrial development. They have made the land of Northeast China look brand-new and exuded the phenomenon of vigor and prosperity. It is with this indomitable, indomitable energy that people who "make the journey to the East" can not flinch or be disappointed in the face of hardships and dangers, but persevere and struggle, overcome one huge difficulty after another from nature and society, constantly create a livelihood and start a new situation, and constantly move from one policy to another.
At that time, the energy of "going to the East" gave Shandong people their own strength and their determination to forge ahead. They took this step resolutely without hesitation, which was a step of change and development! The "Crossing the Kanto" energy bred by the "Crossing the Kanto" immigrants in the practice of developing the Northeast has had a great impact on promoting the relatively backward Northeast region and played a huge role in promoting it. The development of large areas of land has promoted the development of agriculture in Northeast China. The entry of commodity economy has promoted the transformation of social form; The gathering of population has accelerated the development of cities in Northeast China. The integration of customs civilization has promoted the prosperity of local civilization; The arrival of a large number of immigrants has strengthened the maintenance and stability of remote areas in Northeast China.
China has thousands of years of farming civilization. One of the major characteristics of farming culture is that generations have lived in one place. Even if a few people leave home, they will eventually return to their roots. Going to the Kanto is against the cultural trend. What makes more than 1 million people break the imperial ban and take great risks to lead their families to a strange life in Kanto? There is nothing but the power of survival.
Nowadays, descendants who have made the journey to Guandong are coming back to their hometown in Shandong and Hebei. Although, compared with the ancestors who made the journey to the Kanto in those years, the descendants who returned to the Kanto have less fetters of farming culture, but they still have nostalgia after leaving their long-lived homes. Looking back step by step can't stop them from yearning for a better life.
Several relatives of my family came to Liaoning through the journey of Guandong, and now several of them have returned to their hometown in Shandong.
one of the biggest experiences in understanding the history of going to the east is that people's yearning for a better life is unstoppable.
Before the opening of the northeast in Qing Dynasty, the first batch of people who broke through the Kanto were mostly from Shandong, Hebei. Zhang Zuolin unified the Northeast and became the king of the Northeast, and developed its economy. During the financial and economic period, Wang Yongjiang was in charge, and the number of people who ventured into the Kanto increased day by day. In the era of Manchukuo, the industrialization construction in Northeast China and the war in the Shanhaiguan pass made it difficult for the people, and it ushered in the climax of crossing the Kanto. After liberation, the northeast industrialization project in 1956 and the Great Leap Forward in 1958 employed people everywhere, and the people who broke through the Kanto reached the top. During the 6-year famine, many people from Shandong and Hebei went to the northeast to beg for food in order to survive, but it was not a real journey to the East, and the households could not solve it. When they were full, they had to go back to the original place. At the beginning of reform and opening up, the journey to the east basically came to an end.
you have to ask Heilongjiang people about this, don't you?
According to the birth statistics, there were many people born in 193-1936, which means that the original land was a bumper year at this stage, and the people's lives were still stable. After the fall of North China, bandits and bandits were rampant, the army expanded, social security was chaotic, people were flustered and the land was abandoned. At that time, after the Japanese occupation of Northeast China, in order to reserve strategic resources, they also began to encourage immigrants, which led to the rapid development of agriculture, industry and mineral mining, and thus there were people who made the journey to the East.
It's been a long time. My grandpa's grandfather probably came from crossing the Kanto. Now, middle-aged people and young people don't know anything about crossing the Kanto until they watch TV.