The process of Qiannan incident
The ultimate goal of the original "No.1 operational outline" is to capture the southern section of the Guangdong-Han railway, and there is no requirement to cross the border between Guizhou and Guangxi. Because, by this time, all the main railway lines in China have been occupied by the Japanese army, and the small railway branch line from the border of Guangxi to Duyun in Guizhou is of no practical value to both China and Japan. The Japanese don't have to venture deep into Guizhou.
However, at this time, the morale of the Japanese "Xu Jun" is booming. They found that a large number of the main forces of the national army were going south one after another, so they thought they should continue to attack. On the one hand, it can force China troops to stay away from Guangxi and ensure the safety of the main defense line from Liuzhou to Yishan; On the other hand, it can also create the illusion of "attacking Guiyang and Chongqing", which may alleviate the pressure of the Japanese army in the direction of Yunnan and Myanmar. So the Japanese army 1 1 issued the order to "pursue Dushan and Bazhai", and the soldiers invaded southern Guizhou in three ways.
The main forces on the left are infantry 104 (captain of Haifu 3,000), 1 16 (captain of Dapingjin) and engineers of Japanese 13 division 13 (captain Ishikawa). 1944, 165438+ 10 in the afternoon, 18, after Nandan captured Dushan. At dusk, the Japanese army pursued northward day and night with the United Front of 104 and 1 16 as the defenders. On the morning of the 30th, the enemy was heavily shot by 12 American planes in Liuzhai. Without resistance from our ground troops, they crossed the provincial boundary and invaded Dushan County. The Japanese vanguard troops crossed Nanzhai at 8 am on the 30th and arrived at Mawei Old Street at 9 am. After the enemy occupied the horsetail, they continued to advance northward. At 2 1 that night, the search troops of National Army 9 1 Division (3rd Battalion, Sousou Company) came into contact with the enemy vanguard troops of the next division (more than 300 soldiers riding along the Guizhou-Guangxi Highway) and a fierce battle occurred. The division's search troops resisted one after another and retreated to the position of 27 1 regiment west of Heishiguan.
1944165438+1On the afternoon of October 30th, tens of thousands of refugees faced the biting cold wind, starved and went north along the Guizhou-Guangxi highway, and fled desperately from their subordinates to their superiors and Heishiguan. Some of the enemy's vanguard troops 104 mingled with the refugees in the dark, and some fired guns at the back to chase the refugees. At two or three o'clock in the morning, the sky was drizzling, the wind was cold, and gunshots were heard in the distance. The 9 1 division stationed at Heishiguan position forcibly blocked traffic. First, it shouted at the difficult cell with a gun. As the enemy's gunfire approached, the defenders shot the refugees overhead, and the poor refugees were in a dilemma. Some of them sit on the floor, and some hide in the depression by the roadside in the dark. So the national army and the enemy launched a gun battle, which lasted about 1 hour. Both sides also fired some shells. Before dawn, the enemy took advantage of the chaos to occupy the Blackstone Pass. Not many enemies and our troops died in the battle, but refugees were killed, trampled to death, killed by jumping off rocks and injured everywhere. Piles of bodies are ethnic, Japanese, and more are innocent refugees. There are tragic scenes of bodies everywhere and rivers of blood.
After the Japanese army occupied Heishiguan, it continued to commit crimes along the Guizhou-Guangxi Highway in the north with 104 United Front Brigade as the pioneer, stabbing and killing stragglers and beating refugees along the way, which was very arrogant. When he fled to the short pass in front of Bailapo, he was hit head-on by the 9 1 division 27 1 regiment. The enemy attacked with the main force, and our 273rd regiment immediately attacked the enemy in front of the 27 1 regiment and repelled the enemy. On the afternoon of the same day, after the enemy reinforcements arrived, they continued to attack the positions of the 27 1 and 273 regiments on the left and right sides of Guan 'ai and Baihutou Mountain. 9 1 Division fought with the 272nd Regiment of the Reserve. With the cooperation of American planes, the battle was fierce and the enemy's offensive was frustrated. Hai Fu, the captain of the enemy 104 United Front, thought that the daytime attack was difficult to work, making the first brigade of the United Front detour from Wang Li to Dushan. At the same time, another subsequent enemy army invaded Dushan along the railway from boss via the tunnel. 9 1 division was cut off from the army's wired telephone contact. In order to avoid accidents, we abandoned our position in front of Bailapo after dusk and moved to Karp and Baika (Pingtang County) via Yangfeng. Colonel Wang Wanwei, commander of the 273rd Division, was sent to lead the officers and men of the whole regiment to quickly occupy the Calao River (south of the city 10 km) to Lira and Leech with the cooperation of the training camp of Duyun Artillery School. That night, it was freezing and hail, and it was difficult for the enemy to move. 19 Although the three squadrons (six cannons) of United Mountain Artillery came to reinforce, they did not dare to attack.
On the afternoon of 1944, 12 and 1 4, after the first brigade of the enemy 104 was ordered to be a circuitous team, three people, including farmer Tan, were captured at Tanzijiao to lead the way, and the north of Heishiguan bypassed the defensive position of 9 1 division and took the mountain road, passing through Biantang Mountain and Biantang Mountain respectively. On the morning of the 2nd, we continued northward. When we invaded Dushan City, it was already 2: 30 pm on the 2nd. When we arrived near the railway station, we fired two rows of guns and found that there were no defenders (note: at dawn on the 30th, before the enemy arrived, Han, the commander of Dushan garrison, the education director of the Fourth Branch, fled, and the county garrison set fire to the city and fled), so we dared to enter the city. The first brigade then invaded the north to Shenhepotou to guard against the counterattack of the northern national army.
There is an American military airport in Dushan. The US military decided that Captain Evans would be responsible for destroying the airport, air force warehouse and Dushan "deep water bridge". According to the plan, the blasting team should blow up the deep-water bridge first and then evacuate by plane, but Captain Evans saw that there were too many refugees in the city, and once the bridge was blown up, the refugees could not leave. So he bombed the airport and warehouse first, until the next day, the Japanese army had rushed to the bridge, and the Americans blew up the bridge and walked to Guiyang. It is impossible to count how many people have been saved by this move. It is understood that the refugees crossing the bridge under the cover of Captain Evans include movie star Hu Die and her husband Yau Sing Poon, and Yu Qiaqing who was bombed in Shanghai.
1944, 12, 1, Dushan county started to catch fire, 1944, 12, and the fire reached its peak. Two days later, this small town once called "little shanghai" was in ruins.
On the morning of February 2, 1944, 104, with the cooperation of three mountain artillery squadrons, the enemy 104 first attacked the position of the 273rd regiment of Jialaohe, and then the second brigade followed the third brigade to detour from the west of the attack in an attempt to surround Jialaohe and Jinzhongpo, which was bravely repelled by the national soldiers. It was sunny that morning, and the American plane was closely guarded. Later, because the circuitous enemy had entered Dushan, the 273rd Regiment and the training camp of the artillery school were besieged, and they were evacuated to Karp and Duyun by the path. The temperature plummeted that night and the chill hit people. It began to snow at midnight. The enemy's 104 wing and mountain artillery are stationed in Shanshanzhai and Shanwang Temple.
The enemy engineer 13 wing entered Dushan along the railway on the evening of the 2 nd, and it was dawn when it occupied the vicinity of the station. At dawn on the 3rd, the enemy 104 Second United Front Brigade entered the city one after another along the Guizhou-Guangxi Highway, and the United Front Work Department finally entered the city at noon. At this point, the Japanese army completely occupied Dushan, where the Second Administrative Supervision Office of the Kuomintang in Guizhou Province is located. (The Japanese invaded Dushan this time, except for casualties and garrisons in Shenhe, Shangdao, Boss and Mawei, there were about 1000 people in the county, including about 200 people in Lizhou Village, 5-600 people in the city, 300-400 people in the railway station, more than 0/00 people in the health center and dozens of people in Shangmao Village. Headquartered in the south building, Haifu 3,000 heroes are located in the railway station hotel.
With the Japanese attack, the situation in all parts of Guizhou is tense, and all parts are worried that the Japanese army will continue to advance and its morale will be shaken. The defenders of Duyun county set fire to the city for fear of Japanese attack, but in fact, the Japanese did not attack Duyun at all, and the nearest Japanese army was more than 50 kilometers away from Duyun city. In order to prevent the Japanese army from continuing to attack, Tang ordered 13 Army and 29 army to deploy at Machangping, and the 20th Army and the 94th Army cooperated with Yang Sen's 27th Army to defend Guiyang.
Due to the Japanese invasion of Dushan with less than 4,000 troops, the battle line was stretched, the supply was insufficient, and it was early winter. There were already six national armies in Guiyang and Machangping, and some national armies threatened the enemy lines in Guangdong and Guangxi, so the Japanese central command system was deeply in danger of going deep alone. So on the night of the 2nd, 1 1 the enemy headquarters immediately gave an evacuation order to the 3rd and13rd infantry divisions that invaded southern Guizhou. The enemy invaded Dushan on 3rd 16, and after receiving the evacuation order from 3rd Division, after consulting with Nonoyama, the division staff, decided to retreat from Dushan as follows: (1) Starting from dusk, make all preparations before this; (2) The facilities, factories and munitions near Dushan were all blown up and burned by engineers; (3) The ammunition depot and oil depot in the cave on the way are also burned as much as possible; (4) Railways, bridges, tunnels and communication facilities should be destroyed before retreating. Therefore, before the enemy retreated, he stepped up robbery and raped women everywhere, which led to the cave explosion. At 5 o'clock in the afternoon on the 4th, the enemy stationed in Lizhou Village searched everywhere. There was a well-known hole on the edge of the village with dozens of houses on it, which was occupied by the enemy. The enemy captured several women and tried to force them into the cave to commit adultery. There were a lot of explosives in the cave, and we didn't take them with us. Because it was dark, the enemy opened fire on the cave. Unexpectedly, the cave collapsed when explosives exploded. The stone flew for several miles, the acoustic shock was dozens of miles, and more than one person died 100 (another said dead 1 1 person). The explosion at the entrance of the cave accelerated the Japanese retreat.
On the evening of February 4th, 1944, 1944, the Japanese army began to reverse. At the same time, the clothing, sanitation and grain depot in the west of the city were set on fire, and the blasting shook the earth and the fire gradually spread. At this time, the defenders had left Dushan, and about 10 minutes later, two ammunition depots in the north were bombed, with fireworks soaring into the sky and loud noise shaking the ground. Subsequently, small explosions in the main parts of stations, locomotives and wagons also began. Finally, the explosion of tung oil depot and gasoline depot. After about 1 hour, 1 squadron (engineers) evacuated, and Dushan became a sea of fire. After the friendly troops passed by, they set fire to the squadron leader's horn as a signal, destroying highway technical facilities and factories. When the stone wall of Heishiguan was blasted, the explosions continued and the mountain fires raged ... Three known ammunition depots and a newly discovered ammunition depot (hemp net and Ma Tong) near Si Xia were blasted in turn by three independent teams (engineers) and equipment teams (engineers) according to the instructions of the joint team leader. This place also caused a fierce mountain fire ... At the same time, I heard an explosion on the east side, presumably the second squadron (engineer) was blasting the key parts of the Guizhou-Guangxi railway. According to the squadron's report to Nandan, * * * destroyed three railway bridges, two tunnels and a station.
On the 5th, the enemy continued to retreat in different ways, and the houses they lived in were burned down, so that there were no houses in the whole city. From Shanshanjiaozhai, Guan 'ai, Tanziliwang, Heishiguan and Shangjie, the enemy rode horses all the way, killing people and setting fires, leaving Lushe as a market. At Heishiguan, two China soldiers were tied to a tree for laparotomy, and their intestines were still hanging in front of them; In the inverted arch, a woman in her twenties and thirties died after being raped, wearing no pants and a bayonet in her vagina, which was terrible. It was not until the sixth day that all the enemy troops withdrew from Dushan, and on the eighth night, the vanguard troops of the First Corps of the National Army began to arrive in Dushan, and the battle of Dushan in Qiannan Incident ended.