What is the capital of South Korea?

The name was originally called Seoul*, the Korean name is ?1?9?3?5, the Korean name is ?1?9?3?5?5?8?1?7?2?7, the abbreviation is ?1?9?3 ?5 Korean Chinese?1?9?3?5Special City Romaji Seoul Teukbyeolsi Interesting facts about the name change There are two Cantonese pop songs in Hong Kong based on the name change incident, namely "Seoul Sinking" by Zhou Guoxian and "Seoul Sinking" by Hacken Lee. Love is not in Seoul. Both songs use this name change incident to metaphor that there is no eternal love in the world. Relevant data Area 605.33 square kilometers (234 sq mi) Population (2006) 10,356,000 (metropolitan area: 23 million) Population density 17,108/square kilometers (44,310/sq mi) Government Seoul (Seoul) Special Government City Changwu Sehun Administrative District 25 Location 126°58'E 37°33'N Annual average temperature 13°C Symbolic city flower: forsythia City bird: magpie City tree: ginkgo Location [edit this paragraph] Seoul, the capital of South Korea (Korean style Seoul (meaning "capital" in Chinese) is the political, economic, cultural and educational center of South Korea, as well as the national land, sea and air transportation hub. It is located in the middle of the Korean Peninsula and is located in a basin. The Han River winds through the city, about 30 kilometers from the west coast of the peninsula, about 185 kilometers from the east coast, and about 260 kilometers from Pyongyang, North Korea in the north. The city's longest point from north to south is 30.3 kilometers, and its longest point from east to west is 36.78 kilometers, with a total area of ​​605.5 square kilometers. The entire city of Seoul (Seoul) is surrounded by mountains and hills about 500 meters above sea level, and 40% of the urban area is mountains and rivers. The northern part of the city is on higher ground. Bukhansan Mountain, Dobongsan Mountain, and Eagle Peak form a natural barrier. There are Sunasan Mountain and Yongmabong Peak in the northeast, Gwanaksan Mountain, Samseongsan Mountain, and Umyeonsan Mountain in the south. The southeast and west are hills of about 100 meters, forming the outline of Seoul. The southwest part of the city is Gimpo Plain. The central part of the city is surrounded by Beiyue Mountain, Renwang Mountain, Anshan Mountain, etc. to form an inner outline, with a basin formed in the middle. The largest river in South Korea, the Han River, passes through the city from east to west, dividing Seoul into southern and northern parts. The length of the river flowing through the urban area is about 41.5 kilometers, the width is 400~1000 meters, and the water depth is 6~10 meters. . Two islands formed by alluvial deposits in the river - Yeouido (about 7 square kilometers) and Jamdo Island Administrative divisions [edit this paragraph] Seoul Special City consists of 25 districts (?7?9) and 15,267 dongs (? 9?4) composition. "Dong" is equivalent to "village" in Chinese. These more than 15,000 holes are composed of 112,734 "districts" (?0?7?3?1). There is the Seoul Subway as a public transportation linking these areas.

The names of the twenty-five districts in Seoul are listed as follows: (arranged in Korean order) Korean district name in Chinese characters District name in English pinyin ?7?6?8?7?7?9 Gangnam-gu Gangnam-gu ?7?6? 9?4?7?9 Gangdong-gu Gangdong-gu ?7?6?1?6?7?9 Gangbuk-gu Gangbuk-gu ?7?6?1?9?7?9 Gangseo-gu Gangseo-gu ?7?1 ?2?4?7?9 Gwanak-gu, Gwanak-gu ?7?8?3?5?7?9 Gwangjin-gu, Gwangjin-gu ?7?9?0?9?7?9 Guro-gu, Guro-gu ?8 ?5?4?3?7?9 Geumcheon-gu, Geumcheon-gu ?8?5?3?9?7?9 Nowon-gu, Nowon-gu ?9?3?1?6?7?9 Dobong-, Dobong-gu gu ?9?4?9?7?0?1?7?9 Dongdaemun-gu ?9?4?3?2?7?9 Dongjak-gu Dongjak-gu ?0?3?5?5? 7?9 Mapo-gu, Mapo-gu ?1?9?9?7?0?1?7?9 Seodaemun-gu, Seodaemun-gu?1?9?4?1?7?9 Seocho-gu, Seocho-gu? 1?0?9?4?7?9 Seongdong-gu, Seongdong-gu ?1?0?1?6?7?9 Seongbuk-gu, Seongbuk-gu?2?2?5?1?7?9 Songpa-, Songpa-gu gu ?2?0?4?3?7?9 Yangcheon-gu ?2?2?9?4?5?5?7?9 Yeongdeungpo-gu Yeongdeungpo-gu ?3?0?1?1 ?7?9 Yongsan-gu Yongsan-gu ?3?1?5?0?7?9 Eunpyeong-gu ?3?6?0?9?7?9 Jongno-gu ?3?6? 7?9 Jung-gu, Zhong District ?3?6?9?6?7?9 Jungnang-gu, Zhonglang District Resident population [edit this paragraph] 10,373,234 people (end of December 2000). Among them, 5,166,605 are male and 5,144,709 are female. There are 61,920 foreigners living in the country, mainly Chinese, Americans and Japanese. 10,277,000 (2003) 10,356,000 (2006) Natural climate [Edit this paragraph] Seoul (Seoul) has a temperate continental climate, with an average annual temperature of 11.8 degrees and four distinct seasons. There is little rain in spring and autumn and the climate is mild. Affected by the monsoon, summer is hot and rainy. Winters are colder than other cities at the same latitude. Historical background [Edit this paragraph] In ancient times, Seoul (Seoul) was named "Hanyang" because it was located to the north of the Han River. After the Joseon Dynasty established its capital in Hanyang at the end of the 14th century, it was renamed "Seoul". When the Korean Peninsula was under Japanese colonial rule in modern times, Seoul was renamed "the capital". After the liberation of the Korean Peninsula in 1945, it was renamed as an inherent Korean word and marked in Roman letters as "SEOUL", which means "capital". Seoul (Seoul) has a history of nearly 600 years as the capital. According to legend, in 18 BC, King Onzo, the founder of Baekje, went south to build Weirye City as the capital on the current site of the city, which was later renamed Seoul. From 392 AD to 475 AD, Goguryeo occupied this area and called the area north and south of the Han River Bukhansanju, and the area near Seoul today was called South Pyongyang. In the mid-7th century, after Silla unified Korea, it was incorporated into Hansanzhou. King Seongjong of Goryeo (AD 960~997) upgraded this place to Yangjumu (one of the 12 nomads in Goryeo). In 1068, it was upgraded to Nanjing, one of the Three Little Beijings (Xijing, Tokyo, and Nanjing), and became a city. The Nanjing New Palace was built in 1104 and upgraded to Hanyang Palace in 1308. Li Chenggui of the Joseon Dynasty built a lot of construction here in the 26th year of Hongwu (1393). In the 27th year of Hongwu (1394), he moved the capital here and called it Seoul Prefecture. When Japan occupied it in 1910, it was renamed Gyeongseong Prefecture. After the liberation of the Korean Peninsula in 1945, it was renamed as an inherent Korean word and marked in Roman letters as "SEOUL", which means "capital". In August 1949, South Korea designated Seoul as the "Seoul Special City".

Baekje Period Southeast of today's Seoul used to be the capital of the Baekje Kingdom in ancient times, known as Weryeseong and Hansanseong. Historical records record that the King of Baekje "built the city with clay and built pavilions and pavilions, all of which were magnificent." In the 24th year of King Biryu of Baekje, the minister Zapyeong Ubok rebelled against the city and the king sent troops to attack him. The ruins of Weiryseong at that time are located in the Olympic Park in Songpa District today. There are still several city walls from that year left in the park, which are called Mengcun Tucheng. In the 30th year of King Jinpyeong's reign, Goguryeo attacked Baekje with 6,000 troops and fought at Hansan Castle. Silla general Zhu Zhen led 3,000 armored soldiers to come to the rescue and defeated the army of Goguryeo. Unified Silla Period After the fall of Baekje, the Seoul area was occupied by Silla, and its names were changed to Hansanju and Hanyang County. In the seventeenth year of King Seondeok's reign in Silla, Jin Henchang, the son of King Jin Zhou Yuanzi of Mingzhou County, planned a rebellion and wanted to establish the capital in Hanyang. The governor of North Han Dynasty Shanzhou cleverly captured and executed him. Goryeo Dynasty During the Goryeo Dynasty, because Hanyang was located in the heart of the Korean Peninsula, adjacent to the Han River, and controlled the lifeline of the country, Hanyang was named one of the "Three Little Capitals" besides Wangjing (Kaijing) in the 11th century. In the 23rd year of Emperor Wenzong of Goryeo Dynasty, the Innovation Palace was built in Nanjing. In the first year of Emperor Suzong's reign, Minister Jin Weixi requested that the capital be moved to Nanjing. In the sixth year of Emperor Suzong's reign, Nanjing was established, and in the ninth year of his reign, the Nanjing Palace was built. In the ninth year of King Zhonglie's reign, the king and his princess (the ancestral daughter of the Yuan Dynasty) hunted in Nanjing and visited many times since then. In August of the 15th year of Hongwu (1382), Goryeo moved its capital to Hanyang, and in February of the 16th year of Hongwu, the capital was returned to Beijing. In the 23rd year of Hongwu in the Ming Dynasty (1390), Bao Kelian supervised the construction of Hanyang Palace. In July, the capital was moved to Hanyang, and An Zongyuan and Yin Hu were ordered to stay in Songjing. In February of the 24th year of Hongwu's reign, King Gongrang moved the capital to Hanyang, and later returned the capital to Kaijing. After Li Chenggui established the Joseon Dynasty during the Joseon Dynasty, he felt that the king's power in Goryeo (today's Kaesong, North Korea) was already very weak, so Quan Zhonghe, Zheng Daozhuan and others selected a good place. In the 25th year of Hongwu in the Ming Dynasty (1392) ) began to build a new capital in Hanyang, north of the Han River. It is surrounded by mountains and rivers, with Bukhansan and Bukaksan to the north, Naksan and Yongmasan to the east, Inwangsan to the west, Namsan and Gwanaksan to the south of the Han River. The Han River surrounds the south of the city from east to west, forming the shape of Yongsa. The "landscape lapel" of the water cave is a good Feng Shui pattern. A great deal of construction work was carried out in the city, including the construction of palaces, ancestral temples, communities, government offices, and roads. In the twenty-seventh year of Hongwu (1394), Li Chenggui moved the capital from Kaijing to Hanyang (Hanyang, ?6?3?2?0) and officially named it Hanseong (Hanseong, ?6?3?1?0). . During the Joseon Dynasty, Seoul was also called "Capital" and "Beijing". [City] In the 29th year of Hongwu in the Ming Dynasty (1396), the capital of Seoul was first built, and 119,000 civilians south of Anzhou were conquered. It started in the first month and stopped in February. In the autumn, Jiangyuan, Gyeongsang, and Jeolla were conquered. Seventy-nine thousand civilians from three groups started in August and ended in September, so Pyongyang Bo Zhao Jun and others supervised the construction. The length of the city wall was 9,975 steps, and the capital was moved here in November. In the 19th year of Yongle (1421), the capital was rebuilt and 300,000 Taoist men were sent to build the city. The city wall of Hanyang is built of stone, with a circumference of 14,935 steps. When measured in circumference, it is 89,610 feet; when measured in miles, it is 41 miles and 175 steps. . It is forty feet two inches high, has 4,664 female battlements, six pheasant cities, one curved city, and seventy-five city corridors. There were eight gates in ancient Hanyang City, including four main gates and four small gates. Their names are: Sungnyemun (South Gate, the wooden structure was burned on February 11, 2008), Heunginjimun (East Gate), Donuimun (West Gate, commonly known as New Gate), Sujeongmun (North Gate) Qingmen); Huihuamun (East Xiaomen) (originally named Honghuamen, and changed its name to the present name in the sixth year of King Jungjong (1511) to avoid the name Honghuamen of the east gate of Changgyeonggung Palace), Zhaodeemun ( West Xiaomen, to avoid the taboo of Queen Zhangshun, was renamed Zhaoyimen), Guangximen (Shikoumen) and Changuimen (commonly known as Zihemen). In the 19th year of King Yeongjo's reign (1743), there was no memorial tower at the capital gate and a gate tower was ordered to be set up. There used to be the "Ying'en Gate" in the western suburbs outside Hanyang City to welcome Chinese envoys. After Korea's independence, it was demolished and a new Independence Gate was built.