Can Black Mary Red Arrow and Panda be raised together?
Cephalotaxus, native to Mexico and Central America.
They are the only kind of common tropical fish. They are black all over and even have eyes, so they are very easy to identify. The body is spindle-shaped, with a small head, a pointed snout and a flat tail handle, which is almost as wide as the abdomen and back when viewed from the side. The dorsal fin is located in the center of the back of the body. What is more distinctive is that the fin length of dorsal fin is roughly equal, so dorsal fin is rectangular. The male fish is smaller and thinner than the female fish, and the anal fin is still a rod-shaped connector. The male fish is 5 ~ 6 cm long and the female fish is about 7 ~ 8 cm long.
Black Mary is actually a black variety of Mexican marifish, which is mainly orange. Therefore, the atavism with light spots can be seen in some black Mary, and it cannot be mistaken for a rare species.
I often hear some fish farmers say that this kind of fish is not easy to raise. This statement is not groundless. They are the most accident-prone species, especially like to jump, and will jump out of the water tank in a short time when the top cover is opened to change water. Because the color is not obvious in the dark, it is not uncommon to be caught back to the aquarium in time and die. Compared with other cetaceans, it is not easy for marifish to breed. In fact, they are difficult to raise because we are used to treating them as fish with exactly the same physiological needs as swordfish or peacock, which leads to their physiological needs not being met.
Compared with other members of cetacean family, marlin is special in two aspects: First, it likes hard water. Although it can survive in the slightly sour and soft water that most tropical fish like, it will be restless. Once it is replaced by hard water, the number of jumps will be significantly reduced; Second, they are more vegetarian than other fetal salamanders, which shows that they are timid to some extent and are not suitable for mixed culture with other fast-swimming fish. It is necessary to change water frequently during feeding management, and adding a small amount of salt to the water can make them stronger. Many people have noticed that Black Mary likes to peck at algae, so it is advisable to plant aquatic plants densely in the aquarium where they live. However, people often forget that most aquatic plants do not grow well in brackish water and hard water, which Black Mary likes, and the aquarium that grows grass changes water less often, which leads to the increase of acidity in water and the softening of water quality. Therefore, planting grass and raising fish have become irreconcilable contradictions: grass raises fish and doesn't like it, and grass raises fish and doesn't grow well. My experience is that if you want to raise black Mary well, you don't have to raise algae and aquatic plants at the same time. (In fact, algae in water bodies with many aquatic plants are not necessarily good. ) Aquarium can be covered with sand, strengthen the light, change the water frequently and add a little salt. If you want to plant grass, you should also choose varieties that are resistant to weak alkaline hard water; If you want to polyculture, it is recommended to try to polyculture with cichlids in East Africa. Feed can be fed with commercial granular materials and scalded vegetable leaves, with less live bait. When there are more algae, a small amount of other feed should still be added.
Black Mary breeds in estrus when the water temperature is high (28℃), and the male fish chase the female fish fiercely. It's best for females to be bred separately and wait for production, otherwise it will easily cause female fish to miscarry. Black Mary only produces 12 ~ 60 fish at a time, but the individual is larger. The reproductive cycle is about 4 weeks, and the 5-month-old larvae reach sexual maturity.
If you know what kind of environmental conditions Black Mary likes, they are really the kind of "no matter how you fiddle with them, you are unlikely to die". They like to be "tossed": they can survive in large temperature difference and changeable water quality, and the price is cheap, which is extremely suitable for beginners to test in simple aquarium. I remember there was a power outage in winter many years ago. By the time I got off work, the water temperature in the aquarium had dropped to about 10℃, and Black Mary was still alive.
The main species is black Mary with swallowtail, but the difference is that the upper and lower fins of fish extend like swallowtail, and the dorsal fin is slightly larger and larger. Feeding method is similar to Black Mary. Red flag fish: Red flag fish is strong and easy to raise, and can adapt to weak acid water or weak alkaline water. Strong cold resistance. It grows well in the water temperature of 20 degrees and is suitable for raising in the water temperature of 24~26 degrees. It likes to jump after being frightened, and its jumping ability is very strong. For safety reasons, it is best to add a cover plate at the top of the aquarium.
Reproductive characteristics:
Adult fish can reproduce in about 7 months. The male fish is slender, the tail fin forms a rod-shaped genitalia, and there is a sword connector at the top; The female fish is short and fat with fan-shaped anal fins. Living in groups, when the breeding water temperature is 20~28 degrees, several male fish chase the female fish, and the female fish eggs are fertilized in the body. Before giving birth, the female fish has obvious black fetal point in the anus, so the female fish to be given birth can be caught in the breeding pool, and the breeding method is similar to that of guppies. Because of its large size, it usually gives birth to a baby every 30~50 days. Large male fish can produce more than 200 larvae per litter, and the newborn larvae are hidden in the leaves of aquatic plants. When the larvae grow to 3 months, the sword tail at the lower edge of the male tail fin begins to develop.
Long-billed cotton should have water mold, which is a common problem of red flag fish and Mary fish.
Dermatophyte-also known as water mold.
When ornamental fish are infected with mold, they will also be affected by the length of light. Continuous rain for a long time, or insufficient indoor lighting, sunlight and other light sources will promote the growth of mold. The skin of fish infected by mold is usually covered with a layer of white, especially black and red fish, thus losing the luster of fish. Subsequently, the activity is slow, often dull, floating on the water. If not treated in time, the mold of fish will spread, the muscles of the affected area will rot, the appetite will decrease, and eventually it will lead to death.
[Treatment] Dermatomycosis can occur all year round, especially in early spring and late winter. In order to prevent the occurrence of water mold, attention should be paid to prevent fish from being injured and bitten by parasites, and a small amount of salt can be put in the water to inhibit the occurrence of water mold. When fish are found to be infected with water mold, they can be soaked in 3% salt solution for 5-1 0 minutes every day, or in 2ppm potassium permanganate solution and 1% salt for 20-30 minutes, or in 1-2 ppm malachite green solution. Or soak in 1-2 ppm (1-2 ppm) methylene blue solution for 20-30 minutes, or soak in 5ppm (furacilin solution), or directly sprinkle 0.02ppm (malachite green solution) and 0.3ppm (formaldehyde solution) into the aquarium for inhibition. You can also raise the water temperature to inhibit the growth of water mold. Installing a 15W ultraviolet lamp on the top of the aquarium for several hours every day can effectively inhibit or eliminate the breeding of water mold. Panda goldfish: Panda goldfish is a black-and-white individual selected from cultured goldfish, which has been directionally cultivated for many years. Originally from Fuzhou, China, it is characterized by white body color and 1-2 black vertical stripes on its side. Its head, back, nasal membrane and caudal fin are dark black, and its chest and abdomen are silvery white, so it is named because it looks like a giant panda. Panda goldfish is naive and elegant, but its color is unstable, so it is difficult to obtain symbolic purebred. In the panda goldfish series, the panda's butterfly tail is wide and beautiful, which not only gives the goldfish a traditional elegant aesthetic feeling, but also gives it a brand-new visual charm. It is a rare species of goldfish, and the market is very promising. By Japanese, Taiwan Province, Philippine and other Southeast Asian countries and regions. In some European and American countries, the price of each fish is as high as 100- 150 USD. Here are some successful experiences of raising panda butterfly-tailed goldfish.
First, choose seeds.
Parent fish should be selected after 10 every year. It is suitable for fish to breed at the age of 2-3 years, with a body length of 13- 15cm, no disease or injury, clear black and white, clear color block boundaries, short and fat body, plump and full tail fin, flat left and right, flat on all sides, and the front end is better than pectoral fin. According to the characteristics of male fish's body shape and slightly longer tail handle, male and female can be accurately identified. After selecting and preserving parent fish, females and males are raised in separate ponds. The suitable pond area is 15m2, the water depth is 30-40cm, and the stocking density is 15 fish /m2.
Second, parent fish cultivation
Fish should be carefully cultivated after entering the pool to keep a certain amount of green algae in the water and control the dark green of the water. The feed variety is preferably fresh Daphnia, and can also be composed of fish meal, bone meal, bran, green bran, flour, etc. Its animal protein content is about 30%. The feeding place is sheltered from the wind and sunny, and the feeding amount is determined according to the temperature change, and it is appropriate to eat it for 2-4 hours.
Third, reproduction.
Preparation before reproduction
① Preparation of spawning pond The spawning pond covers an area of 15m2 and can be a common goldfish breeding pond. Before entering the water, the dry pool will be exposed to the sun for several days, and the lime will be disinfected about ten days before entering the water, and filtered fresh water will be injected.
(2) Preparation of Fish Nest Fish nests are generally tied with horsetail grass, palm slices or poplar whiskers, soaked in potassium permanganate and trichlorfon solution for about an hour, and then "washed with clear water" for use.
③ Check the water injection and drainage facilities and oxygenation facilities.
Second, re-select the seeds around March 20, and the temperature and water temperature are getting higher. Re-screen the reserved fish species and eliminate the inferior fish with inconspicuous color difference, dim body color and substandard posture. Intensive cultivation in special ponds. Feed fresh Daphnia every day, supplemented by micro-water stimulation every 2-3 days to promote its gonad development and adjust the water quality to tender green.
Third, the natural spawning method is generally adopted, which has the advantage of low mortality of parent fish and can be reused. On April 5, when the water temperature reached above 16℃, the male fish showed an idol and rubbed against the pool from time to time, showing an excited state. At this time, choose sunny weather, and put the number of males and females into the spawning pool according to the ratio of 2:3. The general area of spawning pond is 15m2, and fish are put in 1 1,000. Add fresh water appropriately, and then put it into a sterilized fish nest, one in each pool, and spread it evenly in an umbrella shape. After spawning, the fish should be put into other ponds immediately, carefully raised and intensively cultivated to promote recovery. After about a week to ten days, they can lay eggs for the second time, and they can lay eggs for 4-5 batches throughout the spawning cycle. Attention should be paid to shading from the sun and rain and increasing oxygen, and efforts should be made to keep the water quality and environment stable and improve the spawning rate and fertilization rate. The female fish spawns 654.38+0-20,000 per quarter.
Fourth, incubation.
The disinfection incubator of the first incubator should use copper sulfate, trichlorfon and quicklime to remove moss and kill eggs, and then soak the whole incubator with potassium permanganate for disinfection.
2. The aeration equipment is equipped with blower, PVC pipes are laid to each pool, and the power supply capacity is equipped with 1W/m2.
Third, the management of the incubation process should move the fish nest full of fertilized eggs into the incubation pool in time. The water depth of the hatchery is 30-40cm, and each hatchery 1.5 m2 contains about 30,000 fertilized eggs and 0. 1kg of fresh Daphnia (commonly known as "Daphnia"). "Water bugs" not only have the function of purifying water quality, but also can breed and produce open bait for fry. When the water temperature is 18-20℃, the seedlings emerge in 7 days. The higher the water temperature, the shorter the emergence time, and the general hatching rate can reach 70-80%.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) fry cultivation
After the fry hatch, they should be fed with egg yolk water, soybean milk water or "grey water" the next day. Knead the cooked egg yolk with water, filter it with 130-50 mesh sieve, filter the soybean milk with 180 mesh sieve, and spray it evenly with a watering can after dilution. Feed it 3-5 times a day, and there are yellow spots in the belly of the fry, indicating that the fish has eaten it. "Grey water" is a zooplankton mainly composed of rotifers, which has a good effect on the growth of fry. After feeding "grey water" for 7 days, fry can grow to 1 cm. However, it takes 15 days to use soybean milk, and when the fry grow to 1cm, they can be fed to red worms. When the seedling grows to 1.8cm in about 20 days, the first selection should be made according to the shape of the tail flower, and the inferior fish such as single tail, sandwiched tail and triangular tail should be eliminated. The general rejection rate is 30-40%. After selection, divide the pond again and cultivate summer flowers at the density of 200 flowers per square meter. The bait is mainly fish and insects, and the water is changed once every 10 day. When the specification reaches 3-4cm, screening is carried out again, mainly focusing on tail shape, body shape and eye shape.
Six, commercial fish farming
According to the specifications of commercial fish, the reasonable stocking density is generally 100 fish /m2, and it can be as long as 10cm in that year. Feed protein goldfish feed content is not less than 25%, 1-2 times a day, and it is appropriate to eat it for 1-2 hours each time. Prevent fish diseases regularly. It is best to use well water for breeding, and maintain a certain water color during the whole breeding period, otherwise it will affect the discoloration and color performance of goldfish. When changing water, a part of green water can be reserved, and an appropriate amount of new water can be added, so that the water environment conditions are not much different before and after, and goldfish will not produce stress reaction. The goldfish pond should be covered with nets to prevent high temperature burns, rain and waterfowl, and equipped with oxygen-increasing equipment or oxygen-increasing drugs (such as hydrogen peroxide) to prepare for the fish to float in the face of hypoxia in bad weather, so as to keep the physical and chemical indexes such as water temperature, dissolved oxygen and pH value relatively stable to the maximum extent.