Zhao Kuangyin's right to release soldiers with a glass of wine is a myth in history.
Relieve from military duties by drinking.
After the mutiny in Chen Qiao, although Song Taizu joined the yellow robe, military coups such as abolishing the emperor and changing to the DPRK may still happen again. At that time, nine senior generals of the imperial army, or sworn brothers before Mao proclaimed himself emperor, or the backbone of the group, made great contributions to the rise of the group and the mutiny in Chen Qiao, and were the founding fathers of the Zhao Dynasty, who combined military power and meritorious service. Great power will shake the Lord, and great power will have an accident. This powerful situation is indeed a potential threat to the throne of Mao and his descendants.
Mao has a famous saying, do you allow others to sleep soundly next to the sofa? Although this is aimed at the southern Tang regime, it also shows his personal service to the protagonist. The Southern Tang Dynasty can be conquered by force, but how to deal with the opponent's founding father is very difficult for Song Taizu, who knows the tactics well.
In July of the second year of Jian 'an, Taizu summoned Zhao Pu and asked: Why did the emperors change their surnames to Twelve Kings in the decades since the end of the Tang Dynasty, and the wars continued? From now on, I will destroy the world, destroy American soldiers and build a long-term country. Is there any good way?
Zhao Pu replied. Your majesty's foresight in raising this question is a blessing to heaven, earth, people and God. Since the end of the Tang Dynasty, the emperors have moved several times and wars have continued. The fundamental reason is that sex is too strong, the monarch is weak and the minister is strong. Now, the only way to get rid of this malpractice is to deprive Fang Zhen of their power, control their finances and recruit their elite soldiers, so that the world will naturally settle down. Before Zhao Pu finished, Mao repeatedly said, you don't have to say more, I understand everything.
One night, Mao Liushi, Gao Huaide and other senior generals of the imperial army were drinking. When the wine was extremely hot, Mao suddenly withdrew his followers and confided to them. He said, if it weren't for your efforts, I wouldn't-I wouldn't be where I am today. To this end, I sincerely think of your achievements. However, it is too difficult to be an emperor. In our time, it is better to be happy. Honestly, I-I've never had a good sleep. Sleep for the past year!
Hearing this, Shi Shouxin and others asked: What is the reason?
Mao said unhurriedly, this is not difficult to know. Who doesn't want to sit in my emperor's position?
Shi Shouxin and others recognized the voice and immediately kowtowed: "What did you say? Why does your majesty say that? Now that fate has been decided, who dares to have infidelity?
Mao said, no, although you have a heart, your subordinates all want to make a fortune. Once you add a yellow robe, even if you don't want to be an emperor, there is nothing you can do.
Words, carrot and stick, generals know that they have been suspected, lane is bad to will also lead to fatal disaster, suddenly cold sweat dripping wet, tears, kowtow, request MAO let them live.
Mao said slowly, life is like a blink of an eye. All people who pursue wealth just want to gather more money, have more fun and keep future generations away from poverty. Why don't you give up the right of relief, buy more fertile land and beautiful houses, and build a permanent manor for your children and grandchildren. At the same time, buy more singers and dancers, drink and have fun day and night, and I will spend the rest of my life marrying your children's in-laws. There is no suspicion between the monarch and the minister. Isn't it good to live in peace?
Shi Shouxin and others saw that Mao spoke so clearly that they had to obey orders and thank Mao for his kindness.
The next day, the guards, the pro-infantry, the army commander Shi Shouxin, the army commander Zhang Lingduo, the former deputy army commander Gao Huaide and the former army commander Wang Shenqi all claimed that they were ill and demanded to be dismissed from the army. Song Taizu readily agreed to let them go to the Imperial Post and become the place of our time.
At the same time, Mao canceled the spot check in front of the temple and the pro-military command post "Ma Buping". empire fleet
Later, Mao really fulfilled his promise to exchange in-laws, married his widowed sister to Gao Huaide, married his two daughters to the sons of Shi Shouxin and Wang Shenqi, and made his third brother Zhang Lingduo's son-in-law. The monarch never guesses, and wealth is guaranteed. This is a famous glass of wine for relieving the military power in history.
Compared with Emperor Gaozu and Ming Taizu. Who killed their heroes and killed them all? Song Taizu used a glass of wine to relieve the rights of soldiers, which is really much more civilized!
The above story is mainly taken from Sima Guang's Sushui Story. Later, Li Dao's Zi Zhi Tong Jian also made a detailed record. Later, almost all relevant history books repeated this story over and over again, and few people questioned it.
The earliest record
The earliest existing records of the right to drink alcohol are the Talk by Ding, Prime Minister of the Northern Song Dynasty, and the Official Record by Wang Zeng, Prime Minister of Renzong of the Northern Song Dynasty.
Ding Wei on Song describes the dialogue between Zhao Kuangyin and Zhao Pu. Zhao Pu, the prime minister, said to Mao: Shi Shouxin and Wang Shenqi, the commanders of the imperial army, have too much military power to lead troops. He didn't agree, saying: Shi and Wang have been old friends for many years. Are you still afraid of their rebellion? Zhao Pu said that both Shi and Wang are veterans and will not rebel. But they lack command ability, and they will certainly not be able to subdue their subordinates in the future. If their subordinate generals want to rebel, there is nothing they can do. He said that Mao is still skeptical about this. These two people are so valued and favored by the country, will they fail me? Zhao Pu calmly replied, I'm afraid I'm just like your Majesty. How could I lose to Zhou Shizong? MAO suddenly enlighted, and listen to Zhao Pu xiahou _ proposal, only two people to lift the relieving.
This record shows that it was under Zhao Pu's persuasion that Mao began to put forward the proposal of relieving the military power according to Zhao Pu's opinion. There are no dramatic stories about relieving soldiers of alcoholism.
Wang's record shows the embryonic form of military power with a glass of wine. He described it this way: Prime Minister Zhao Pu said a lot, but Mao had no choice but to let Shi Shouxin wait for the banquet in the palace. He talked about the intimate and happy past, and took the opportunity to say, I deserve you, my brother, my righteousness and my flesh and blood. What? What is wrong with me? However, I have to think about it. In today's situation, it's better to choose a land of feng shui, stay abroad, be a hereditary official, and pay the rent, which is enough for you to serve yourself. So you can spend your old age leisurely. No, isn't it my pleasure? There are several daughters in my harem. I should marry your son to show the harmony between the monarch and the minister. what do you think?
Shi Shouxin and others got the message and kowtowed to give thanks. So Shi, Gao and Wang all went to the buffer region and were hired by the royal family. After more than 20 years, they are still outstanding.
This record shows that the story of drinking to drown one's sorrows first appeared in Renzong period, but the plot was short; It was not until Zongshen's reign of Su Shui Ji that this story became vivid.
The maharaja, who was almost contemporary with Sima Guang, heard that there were similar records in recent years: Mao ascended the throne and many towns in Fangzhen fell, so-called ten brothers also. On the last day, we gathered all the towns, gave them bows and swords, rode horses with them, went out to the big forest of Guzimen, dismounted and drank. Fang Shangzhen said: There is no one here. If you want to be an official, you can kill me. The town trembled. After repeated exhortations, Voldemort dared me. Shang: Your generation wants me to be the master of the world, and your generation wants to be a minister. There will be no future. Long live the town.
This story is very interesting and rebellious. It's a bit like Zhao Kuangyin winning the world at once. Because Sima Guang, this western duel-style forest duel, is in name only, but unknown.
Is it fake?
Since the 1930s, some scholars, after careful textual research on historical materials, have strongly questioned the vivid historical story of the right to release soldiers after drinking a glass of wine.
First of all, the conversation only talked about the relieving of Shi Shouxin and Wang Shenqi, and there was no such thing as a banquet. Besides Shi Shouxin and Wang Shenqi, there are several other generals, including General Mao Yan and General long-standing friendship. So-called a glass of wine to relieve soldiers' worries is basically because of this. Say Shi Shouxin, Wang Shenqi, etc. They were all given the right to join the army, first dismissing the official, and at the same time feasting and painting in the old plot, as if living in their own territory. It seems that the story has experienced an increasing process from scratch, from simple to complex. The farther away from the parties, the more vivid and detailed the record. Obviously, it is the result of the writer's constant supplement and polishing that makes the story lively and interesting.
Secondly, all three books say that this matter is related to Zhao Pu, but their statements are inconsistent. According to "Shui Shui Ji", the right to recall Shi Shouxin and Wang Shenqi was decided by Song Taizu and Zhao Pu through consultation. According to the transcript, Mao had to agree under Zhao Pu's repeated persuasion. But in a record year, it was the result of the planning of Mao and Zhao Pu. How can such a contradictory statement become a final judgment?
Third, the above three historical materials have different views on the way out for Shi and Wang after being deprived of military power. Some only said that Shi and Wang were not ordered to be the main commanders, some said that they would return to the city, and some said that they were all dismissed from office first. What did they do after they were relieved of military power? No consistent statement can win people's trust.
Fourthly, there is not a sentence in the Historical Records of Surabaya Taizu compiled by historians of the Northern Song Dynasty. At the end of Yuan Dynasty, according to the records of Mao and The History of Three Dynasties, The History of Three Dynasties was compiled. No, I don't have any ink about it. If there really was such a commendable event at that time, you wouldn't have to look at Song Taizu's records.
Fifth, the above three books did not record which year it happened in the Northern Song Dynasty. However, Li Dao, who was more than 0/00 years later than Sima Guang, said in the Year of National History that this happened in July of the second year of Jianlong. Take a closer look at the long version of Mirror of Continuing Education and find a big loophole. My great-grandmother Du Taihou died in June of the second year of the Sino-Japanese War. From early June to early July, according to the practice at that time, it should be a period of national mourning. At that time, the court was not allowed to feast, let alone feast. Zhao Kuangyin may not violate this etiquette. Moreover, the story of relieving the military power with a glass of wine tells the story of Prime Minister Zhao Puzheng, and the position of Zhao Pu and the United States is only the agreement and principle of a committee, which is not enough to collude with Zhao Kuangyin. His first worship was in Gander for two years, that is, three years after he retired from the army with a glass of wine.
So many scholars believe that although it sounds interesting, it can't stand scrutiny and should be fake.
debate
Some scholars also believe that lifting soldiers' right to drink a glass of wine has a great influence on the political and military course of the Song Dynasty and cannot be invented. The reason for this is the following：
First, the military power of Shi Shouxin, Wang Shenqi and others was indeed removed after July of the second year of Stegosaurus. There is no doubt that this is clearly recorded in the official archives of the Northern Song Dynasty, such as the History of the Song Dynasty and the History of the Country. In other words, the release of military power is completely true, and all that remains is the question of how to release military power.
Secondly, from the way of view, relieving the military power with wine may be as dramatic as later generations said, but considering the special relationship between Mao and the ten brothers in a society under the special political environment in the early Song Dynasty, it is very reasonable. Rumors such as releasing soldiers' rights with a glass of wine should not be uncommon. For example, the suburban banquet in the memoirs of a maharaja is almost another version of the relieving power of replacing wine with cups. Although there are many versions, there is only one source, that is, only the right to relief can be proved.
Fourth, Wang Zhonghou is honest. He was criticized for creating red tape and cutting the expenses of the Queen Mother's in-laws. He is regarded as an upright minister and a man of noble character. The focus of the book is people, and Wang Zeng's experience and personality determine that his narrative in recent records must be more records than embellishments. In the Song Dynasty, although he had visited Xiang, he was an immoral man. Most of the farce of Zen belief was caused by him and Wang Qinruo. Later, because of the traffic eunuch, he was exiled to Hainan, and the eyes of the ruling and opposition parties were all adulterers. Therefore, although the records of Wang can not be abolished by people, they will never have higher historical value than those of Wang.
During the funeral of Empress Dowager Cixi. On June 2, 2002, Du Forbidden City said: The quasi-story conforms to the system of changing the moon from month to month issued by the emperor on the 25th. Du Taihou died on June 2nd. Three years of mourning, calculated by day, only takes 24 days. From June 2 to June 25, it is exactly 24 days. On the 25th, he took off his mourning clothes, indicating that the legal mourning period stipulated by the court had passed. After the liberalization, general banquets and entertainment activities are no longer prohibited except for special grand state banquets. For example, in the transcript, there are records about the ministerial banquet held in Zhengguang Hall on July 19 of that year. Therefore, Du Taihou's mourning period is from early June to early July, which does not conflict with the price of a glass of wine for the soldiers on duty.
From this perspective, drinking a glass of wine to relieve the military power may indeed have gone through a development process from simple to detailed. But it can't be said that it has experienced a manufacturing process from scratch.
In fact, we can ignore the details of a glass of wine and focus on alleviating the nature of the soldier of fortune. In a word, Mao's series of measures to reduce military power and reform the military system have effectively ensured the long-term stability of Song Jun and completely ended the turbulent situation of military and political chaos. Its effect is self-evident. But its negative effects can not be ignored. In the Northern Song Dynasty, soldiers were lucky enough to protect their full names. After Emperor Taizong, several unknown generals, the only one worthy of praise was Di Qing, died of suspicion. Later, facing the fierce offensive of the Jurchen nationality, the Northern Song Dynasty suddenly invaded the south.