Get a high score and ask for an internship report of hydropower station.
I'll give you an internship report of about 1 words later.
On May 2th, 27, we came to practice in Wan 'an Hydropower Station in Ji 'an City, Jiangxi Province with great excitement.
When we came to Wan 'an Hydropower Station with our bags on our backs. From a distance, I saw five bosses' generators lined up neatly on a dam built on the Ganjiang River, listening to the rumble of water. As we walked in, the sound of water became louder and louder, and my mood became more and more excited: although this is not the first time I have seen a hydropower station; But it's the first time I've seen such a large hydropower station, and it's also my first time to practice at a hydropower station; It is also the first time that I have really come into contact with my major! The purpose of this internship is to enable us to have a perceptual and intuitive understanding of all kinds of instruments and equipment we have learned, so as to connect and combine the theory in books with the technology in reality.
As far as I know,
Wan 'an Hydropower Station is located in the middle reaches of the Ganjiang River, 2km above Wan 'an County, Ji 'an City, Jiangxi Province, 9km above Ganzhou and 32km below Nanchang. The dam site controls the drainage area of 369km2, accounting for 44% of the total drainage area of the Ganjiang River. From left to right, the hub consists of non-overflow dam section on the left bank, overflow dam section on the surface hole, bottom outlet dam section, riverbed powerhouse dam section, non-overflow dam section on the right bank, ship lock, earth dam and irrigation canal heads on the left and right banks. The final design water level of Wan 'an Hydropower Station is 1m, the total reservoir capacity is 2.216 billion m3, and the initial operation water level is 96 m.. In terms of power generation, the power station is equipped with 5 sets, with a single machine capacity of 1MW. The ship lock is a 2×5-ton first-class ship lock with an effective size of 175×14×2.5m m. The main works of Wan 'an Hydropower Station include 2.53 million m3 earthwork excavation, 2.7 million m3 earthwork backfilling, 1.51 million m3 concrete pouring, 23, m curtain grouting, 23,3 m consolidation grouting and 12,84 t metal structure anchorage.
when we entered the power station on the afternoon of 2th, we were warmly received by the leaders and employees of the power station. Then, the leader told us about the situation of Wan 'an Power Station, the matters needing attention and relevant regulations when entering the plant, and the safety issues. We listened carefully and kept in mind that because our major is electric automation, this time we are internship in a power plant. Anything touched in the power plant can easily lead to safety problems. If we don't listen to the command, the "electric tiger" will devour our young lives at any time.
on the 21st, our main internship task was to visit the power plant equipment: we first visited the factory building. The first thing that caught our eye was five sets of generator sets and some control equipment. The technician introduced the generator system and some automatic equipment to us. Looking at such a big machine, I sighed that I would live with them in the future. Give me a hug! The technician then introduced some equipment and knowledge about power system relay protection. From the technician's mouth and the information I consulted, I learned a lot about relay protection: (1) Current relay Current relay is a relay that acts in response to the change of current. Commonly used typical electromagnetic current relay is DL? -1 series, which is used in overload and short-circuit protection devices of motors, transformers and transmission lines. As an instantaneous starting element, it is constructed as a rotating tongue electromagnetic relay;
(2) voltage relay It is a relay that acts in response to voltage change. The typical electromagnetic voltage relay is DL series, which is used to protect devices such as generators, transformers, lines and motors from voltage rise or fall. (3) Time relay, which is a time element that the relay protection device acts at the exit after a certain time delay, is a typical series of DS-11 time relays; (4) Intermediate relay In the relay protection device, the intermediate relay is used to increase the number and capacity of contacts to meet the needs of the auxiliary relay with insufficient contact number and capacity of the main relay; It can also be used when the time required for contact action or return is not long (generally .4——.8s); Or through the self-holding of its relay, it meets the needs of protection devices and protection circuit switching. Technicians also led us to visit other substation equipment such as voltage and current transformers, which made us know more knowledge. We visited the top, and with the help of technicians, we got to the bottom. The rumbling sound is the main theme, and the huge hydraulic turbine is the main perspective. Connecting the turbine is a pressure pipeline, which refers to the pipeline that transports water from the reservoir, forebay or surge chamber to the turbine. Its general characteristics are steep slope, high internal water pressure and bearing the hydrodynamic pressure of water hammer
1. Superstructure < P > The superstructure of the main factory building includes floors and their beam-column systems, crane beams and frames, and roofs and retaining walls. Its main function is to bear the weight of equipment, live load and snow load, and transmit them to the Bianbu structure.
2. substructure
the substructure of the factory building includes spiral case, draft tube and draft pier wall. For the riverbed workshop, the substructure also includes the water inlet structure. Its function is mainly to bear the water load, form the foundation of the factory building, bear the superstructure and power generation supporting structure, and transfer the load distribution to the foundation and seepage control.
3. The generator supporting structure,
The function of the generator supporting structure is to bear the weight of the unit equipment and the dynamic load, and transmit it to the substructure
I saw the nameplate of the hydraulic turbine: the model of the hydraulic turbine is HLA 296-LJ-172, its rated power is 1649kW, the design head is 6,75 m, the design flow is 26.9 m3/s, and the machine weight is 38.6t t. The loud noise made us unable to hear the technician's explanation. Finally, we came to the dam, listening to the rumble of water and watching the waves in the diving pool. It was pleasant! Because of the hot weather, we don't want to go back because of the wind blowing on the dam. In this way, after a general tour of the overall equipment in the hydropower station, we walked out of the factory and ended the morning class.
on the afternoon of 21st, led by technicians, we came back to the factory building. The technicians explained the turbine system and some automation equipment in detail. I secretly saw the model of the turbine ZZZ44-LH-85, with rated flow of 55m3/s and rated speed of 76.9r/min. The technicians told us that the main shaft seal of the turbine can be divided into two types: maintenance seal and working seal, in which the maintenance seal is rubber shroud. The technician said that in order to ensure the normal operation of the thin oil lubricated bearing, a sealing device must be adopted under the guide bearing to prevent the pressure water from infiltrating into the guide bearing from between the spindle and the top cover and damaging the normal operation of the guide bearing. Therefore, the quality of sealing device is a key problem in the work of thin oil lubricated guide bearings. The technician also said that when there is no pressure in the lower cavity of the sealing block, the sealing block can fall to the bottom by its own weight. When pressurized water is introduced into the lower cavity of the piston, the sealing block rises to the top under the action of water pressure, which hinders the leaking water flow between the top cover and the spindle. At the same time, the water flows to the upper end of the sealing block through the through hole: when the sealing block contacts the rotary ring, a flowing water film is generated between the contact surfaces, and only a small part of the water flows out. At the same time, this certain amount of water leakage also ensures that the sealing block will not be burned by dry grinding and overheating, and the main shaft seal has a sealing effect. When the unit is under maintenance or shutdown, the maintenance seal will be put into use, and .6-.7Mpa compressed air will be introduced into the shroud, and its unconstrained part will bulge under pressure and closely contact with the protective cover of the main shaft, thus blocking the passage of tail water into the top cover of the turbine and playing a sealing role. In this way, bit by bit, we finished watching the main shaft of the hydraulic turbine.
With the explanation of teachers and technicians, we walked out of the factory and ended the first day of the internship.
In the evening, I couldn't sleep with excitement. In my eyes, all I could think about was the turbine and all kinds of equipment ...
In the next few days, we also watched the main engine system of the turbine, the fan system, the page wheel and so on.
Through these days' practice, I have gained a deep understanding and benefited a lot. To sum up, I have some experiences:
(1) It's not easy to really experience the work as expected. Get up on time every morning and go to work by bus.
(2) What I used to think was empty in books is much clearer now. I really feel the meaning of the sentence "Practice makes true knowledge". What I practice personally is something I will never forget, which is also the fundamental reason why human beings can live better;
(3) From a small point of view, we should not be careless and have no chance to make mistakes, so we should work hard every day. I fully realize the importance of doing my job well. Before doing anything, we should fully consider all aspects of our work, especially those who study science and engineering, and we should have logical thinking and meticulous attitude to treat things. For example, we must be serious and responsible when internship with staff in a power station, record those data, and check whether those units are operating normally. After recording certain data, we must analyze them. These are all things that technicians must do well. Because the analysis of the data can find some problems that will appear in the operation of the unit early, so as to do a good job of inspection, otherwise, if the unit fails, the loss is quite huge;
(4) I deeply understand the importance of learning the major and knowledge, because what we are learning is electrical automation, which is closely related to electricity. If we are not careful, small aspects will endanger our lives and big aspects will cause great losses to the country;
(5) learn to be open-minded, because only by asking with an open mind can you really learn something, and only by asking with an open mind can you make rapid progress. We should learn from our experienced predecessors and their working attitudes and principles. This will save us a lot of detours.
(6) I realized that unity and mutual assistance are essential.
generally speaking, I dare not say that I have learned everything about the hydropower station during this internship, but what I have learned and felt is that I have benefited from a fortune all my life. Therefore, I firmly believe that as long as I dig hard, try bravely and consult seriously, I will be able to gain more and inspire, and only in this way can I accumulate more rich knowledge and valuable experience for my future work and life.
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when we walked into the power station with our bags. I saw two thick red water pipes in the distance and heard the rumble of water. As we walked in, the sound of water became louder and louder, and my mood became more and more excited: after all, this is my first time to see a hydropower station; It is also my first internship at a hydropower station; It is also the first time that I have really come into contact with my major! The purpose of this internship is to enable us to have a perceptual and intuitive understanding of all kinds of instruments and equipment we have learned, so as to connect and combine the theory in books with the technology in reality.
as far as I know, Mianning jindongzi hydropower station is the third cascade hydropower station developed by the main stream of Anning river, which is located in the upper reaches of Anning river, and its water intake is connected with the tail water of guanyinyan hydropower station. The factory building is located on the other side near Julong Town. The design head of the power station is 51.5 meters, the quoted flow is 55 cubic meters per second, the installed capacity is 24, kilowatts (2× 12, kilowatts), the guaranteed output is 11,8 kilowatts, the annual utilization hour is 67H hours, the annual power generation is 145 million kWh, and the total investment of the project is 178 million yuan. The project is along Highway 18 from the water intake hub to the factory, 2 kilometers from the factory to Lugu Town and 14 kilometers from Mianning County, with very convenient transportation. The terrain and geological conditions of the project area are superior, the project is relatively simple, the construction period is short, the construction period is 2 years, and the local building materials (sand and gravel) are abundant, which can be obtained locally. After the power station is completed and generated, it can be incorporated into the national power grid on the spot, with a total static investment of 151.64 million yuan per kilowatt.
when we entered the power station, we were warmly received by the leaders and employees of the power station. Then, the leader told us the matters needing attention and related regulations when entering the factory. We listened carefully and kept them in mind. Because our major is electrical automation, this time we are internship in a power plant. If we don't listen to the instructions, the "electric tiger" will devour our young lives at any time.
on the afternoon of 15th, our main internship task was to visit the power station equipment. First, we climbed to the mountainside and visited the diving pool. Listening to the rumble of water and watching the numerous eddies in the diving pool, I suddenly got creepy. I not only grasped the railing tightly with my hands, but also took a step back. I looked at the students around me again. Everyone was very nervous, watching the water pouring into two giant pipes. At this time, the technician told us that the head height here is 57 meters and the flow rate of each pipe is 27 cubic meters per second. Looking at this scene, I am both awed and sighed! Such a huge project was created by the people's hard work and wisdom. Starting mountains, drilling tunnels, diverting water and generating electricity created their own beautiful homes from childhood.
Then we visited the transformer. As soon as we entered, we heard a sizzling noise. I asked my classmate where the noise came from, and he told me that the noise was caused by high voltage penetrating the air. I know: high voltage needs a high voltage to break through the air. Assuming that the power pole is 5 meters high, it needs 15×16V lightning strike high voltage (3V/mm) to break through 5 meters of air when the relative humidity is 25%. If the relative humidity is 95% (when it rains), it takes 5×16V lightning strike high voltage (1V/mm) to break through 5 meters of air. I can't help walking further away from the transformer. The technician then introduced some equipment and knowledge about power system relay protection. From the technician's mouth and the information I consulted, I learned a lot about relay protection: (1) Current relay Current relay is a relay that acts in response to the change of current. Commonly used typical electromagnetic current relay is DL? -1 series, which is used in overload and short-circuit protection devices of motors, transformers and transmission lines. As an instantaneous starting element, it is constructed as a rotating tongue electromagnetic relay;
(2) voltage relay It is a relay that acts in response to voltage change. The typical electromagnetic voltage relay is DL series, which is used to protect devices such as generators, transformers, lines and motors from voltage rise or fall.