Is it more heaving when sailing against the waves, or is it more heaving when sailing with the waves?
Of course, sailing against the waves will increase the heave, but sailing against the waves is very unsafe and not recommended.
Ship Maneuvering clearly states that the state of a ship facing waves is determined by the size of the waves and the condition of the ship. It is generally divided into bow waves and stern waves. But no one wants to sail across the waves, no matter whether they are facing the waves head or tail! In strong winds and waves, transverse waves are a very dangerous navigation state. Even if the ship's conditions permit, the ship will roll violently and cause physical discomfort to the people on board.
1. A ship with a shorter hull, forward bow, and higher forecastle is more advantageous for sailing against wind and waves and is easy to maneuver. However, when the bow of the ship is facing the wind and waves and it is found that the pitching is intensified and there is a bowing phenomenon, the bow of the ship can be made at an appropriate angle (about 20 degrees) with the wind and waves. If you sail against wind and waves for a long time, in order to make the force on the hull even, the bow of the ship can take turns to receive waves from left to right, and try to keep on the original route to avoid being pushed down by wind and waves and causing danger.
2. When the captain does not know enough about the ship's seakeeping performance, it is better to sail with the bow of the ship facing the waves. If the danger cannot be eliminated after taking measures, you should immediately turn to sailing with the waves. Large ships, due to their long and large hulls, are not conducive to sailing against the waves. They can instead sail along the waves, which is safer.
Extension:
Stuck in top waves
When the severity of wind and waves seriously endangers the safety of the ship, the ship should sail at a lower speed that can only maintain the rudder effect. Diagonal top waves delayed navigation. When stranded, the ship is in a state of slow advancement, stagnation or slight retreat, which is helpful to alleviate the ship's pitching, rolling, bottom hitting and deck waves, etc., so that the ship can safely survive rough periods of wind and waves. When stranded, the course should be adjusted according to changes in wind direction to maintain the best wind and wave angle, and the vehicle speed should be adjusted to maintain the rudder effect. The vehicle rudder should be added in a timely manner to maintain the bow posture and avoid being beaten sideways.
For ships with longer lengths or higher bow freeboards, and when the sea area in the leeward direction is not abundant, it is most advantageous to use top wave detention.
Sail with the waves
When the wind and waves are too strong and it is difficult to withstand the impact of the waves by staying in the top waves, if the leeward water area is wide, you can consider sailing with the stern diagonally. Sailing along the waves reduces the relative speed of the waves to the ship and greatly alleviates the impact of the waves. For ships that can maintain a high speed, it is helpful to get rid of the wind and waves and enter sheltered waters as soon as possible.
When sailing along the waves, the course stability is poor. Small ships or ships with a length smaller than the wavelength will drift seriously, and even the hull will become sideways. When the ship speed approaches the wave speed, the transverse stability of a small ship will drop sharply at the wave crest. When deflection occurs while sailing along the waves, it is usually necessary to use a large rudder angle to overcome the deflection. Sometimes it is necessary to adjust the ship's speed to change the relationship between the ship's speed and the wave speed.
Small boats can also use stern towing objects (such as sea anchors, large cables, etc.) to improve directional stability. If a sea anchor is towed, the anchor cable should have sufficient strength and should be made of a first anchor cable or a multi-strand mooring cable. The length of the submarine cable should be adjusted to prevent the sea anchor from getting out of the water. Especially when the boat slides down the wave crest, the sea anchor should be in the water on the back slope of the next wave crest. Otherwise, the sea anchor will come out of the water and the anchor cable will become loose, which may cause the ship's stern to swing sideways and capsize.
When sailing with the waves, ships with low stern freeboard are prone to stern flooding. Therefore, ships with low sterns and large stern inclinations or small ships should avoid sailing with the waves.