How many times did Zheng He go to the West?
The first voyage to the west
In June, the third year of Yongle (1405), Zheng He made his first voyage to the Western Ocean, and went south with the wind, reaching Mamobaxie in Java. Java, known as Gaopo in ancient times, is now Java Island in Indonesia, which is the hub of Nanyang, with dense population, rich products and developed commerce. Zheng he's voyages
At that time, the East King and the West King of this country were fighting a civil war. When the East King was defeated, his territory was occupied by the army of the West King. Members of Zheng He's fleet went ashore to do business in the market. They were mistaken by the occupying forces for coming to help the East King and killed by the West King Ma Xie, with a total of 170 people. Zheng He's soldiers worked hard one after another, saying that their blood could not be shed in vain, and they were anxious to declare war on the eight countries of Mali and avenge themselves. After the "Java incident", the Queen Mother of the West was very afraid and sent messengers to apologize and compensate 62,000 gold for atonement. Zheng He got off to a bad start in his voyage to the West and lost 170 soldiers innocently. Naturally, it will inevitably lead to a large-scale battle. But Zheng He was carrying out the secret mission of Emperor Yongle, fearing that once he was killed, the western countries along the way were afraid of the route of Zheng He's voyage to the West in the Ming Dynasty.
After the invasion, I learned that it was a manslaughter. In view of the fear of the Queen Mother of the West, she pleaded guilty and was punished, so she told the court to make peace and handle the incident peacefully. The Ming dynasty decided to give up the claim for compensation for sleeping in eight countries. The Queen Mother of the West was very moved when she learned of this incident, and the two countries lived in harmony from then on. Members of the organizing committee for the 600th anniversary of Zheng He in Semarang, Java Island talked to reporters about this matter and all admired him. They said that Zheng He treated all countries equally, regardless of strength. Even if there was a conflict between the two countries, he was able to maintain great restraint, compromise, convince others by reasoning, and show peace and good-neighborliness with neighboring countries, which made the traditional friendship between China and Indonesian people go back to ancient times. When we settled here, we were also proud. Indonesian scholars believe that Zheng He's fleet was the most powerful maritime task force in the world at that time. During Zheng He's seven-year voyage to the Western Ocean for twenty-eight years, the real foreign war was only once in Ceylon (now Sri Lanka), and it was a defensive war when he was forced to do nothing. In dealing with the "Java Incident", Zheng He not only did not use force, but also did not demand compensation, which fully showed that Zheng He was an emissary of spreading peace. He spread the traditional etiquette of "harmony is the most important thing" in China and the Chinese civilization of "one country under the sun" and "one family under the world".
Edit this passage for the second voyage to the West.
September 13th, the fifth year of Yongle (140710/0/0/3). After Zheng He returned to China, he immediately made preparations for his second voyage to the West, mainly by sending a map of Zheng He's voyage to the West.
Return to China on holidays. The countries visited this time are Zhancheng (now south-central Vietnam), Boni (now Brunei), Siam (now Thailand), Zhenla (now Cambodia), Java, Manchinga, Ceylon, Kezhi and Guri. Arriving in Ceylon, Zheng He's fleet distributed gold, silver, silk and sesame oil to relevant Buddhist temples. On the first day of February in the seventh year of Yongle (1409 February 15), Zheng He and Wang Jinghong set up a Buddhist temple monument in Ceylon Mountain and described what they had done. This monument is now in Colombo Museum. Zheng He's fleet returned to China in the summer of the seventh year of Yongle (1409). The data of the second voyage to the West included more than 27,000 people.
Edit this passage for the third voyage to the west.
In September of the seventh year of Yongle (1409 10), the emperor ordered eunuchs Zheng He, envoys Wang Jinghong and Hou Xian to lead more than 27,000 officers and men, set sail for 48 seagoing ships, and occupied Chengguan, Panduranga, Zhenla, Siam, Fake Martin, Lanjiao Mountain, Java Island and Chongqing. Fei Xin, Ma Huan and others will go together. At that time, Malaga was a country of Siam. Zheng He was ordered by the emperor to surrender and give him two sets of silver seals, robes and clothes to build a monument and fief for Malaga. Siam did not dare to disturb it. Jiuzhou Mountain in La Manjia is rich in agarwood, which is yellow and ripe. Eunuch Zheng He and other officers and men went into the mountains to collect incense and got six specimens with a diameter of 89 feet and a length of 89 feet. In the seventh year of Yongle, the emperor ordered the eunuch Zheng He and others to wait until the Ceylon Mountain Temple gave alms, and established the Ceylon Mountain Buddhist Temple Monument, which is now in the Colombo Museum. When Zheng He visited the country of Ceylon Mountain, Alec Kunai, the king of Ceylon Mountain, "disrespectfully murdered the captain", was discovered by Zheng He and left Ceylon Mountain for other countries. On his return trip, he visited Mount Ceylon again. Aleksandr Kuner tricked Zheng He into going to the country, sent 50,000 troops to besiege Zheng He's fleet and cut down trees to prevent Zheng He from returning home. Zheng he took advantage of their nest of a thief soldier, and the country was empty. He led the 2,000 officers and men who accompanied him, took a shortcut and made a surprise attack on Alejandro City, broke into the city and captured Alejandro and his family alive. On June 16th, the 9th year of Yongle (141/July 6th, 2008), he returned to China to present Alexander Kunai and Emperor Yongle, and courtier Qi Xin worked together to kill him. Emperor Yongle pitied Alexander Gunai's ignorance, released Alexander Gunai and his wife, gave him food and clothing, and ordered the Ministry of Rites to discuss and choose the sage as king among his fellow villagers. The sage who chose the sage did evil, sent messengers to lead him, made him king of Mount Ceylon, and repatriated Alexander Kunai. In the ninth year of Yongle (14 1 1), Berrymisura, king of Malaga, led his wife to accompany more than 540 ministers to the DPRK, and the court gave the seagoing ship back to China to defend its territory. From then on, "overseas, benefit from heaven." In August, the Ministry of Rites and the Ministry of War discussed and played, and 754 soldiers who made meritorious service in the Battle of Ceylon were promoted according to their merits, merits, merits, and merits. And got paper money, silver coins, brocade and so on. 2 1 route [2 1]: the starting point of the route and the end point of day and night.
1 Taicang Liujiagang? Taiping Port in Changle, Fujian
2 Fujian Wuhumen 10 occupied cities and states
3 Zhancheng 3 Zhenlai Village
4 Zhancheng 10 Siam
Lanjiaoshan 5 occupied the city 10
6 Zhancheng 20 Java
7 Total Spine Plus 9 Sumen Answer Spine
8 Malaga 3 Aru
9 Sumandara 1 Arowana
10 Sumadala 12 Ceylon Mountain
1 1 Sumen Ala 20 Banggela Pot
12 No.5 Longxianyu, Cui Lanyu
13 Ceylon mountain country 10 Guri country
14 Ceylon Mountain Country 7 Liuyang Country
15 Ceylon state 2 1 Blava state
16 Guri Kingdom 10 Hulu Mouth
17 Guri Kingdom 20 Lhasa Kingdom
18 Guri Kingdom 22 Adan Kingdom
19 Guri Kingdom 20 Kingdom of Zoufal
20 Little Glen Village 20 Ancient Pasture and Single Tree Village
2 1 Hulu Hume Kingdom is four Arab countries.
Edit this paragraph on the fourth trip to the West.
In November of the 11th year of Yongle (14165438+October 2003), Zheng He, the eunuch, and Wang Jinghong, the deputy envoy, were ordered to command more than 27,000 people and sail 40 ships to Malaga, Java, Zhancheng, Suman Ansala, Kizil, Guri, Nanburley and Pahang. Zheng He's mission includes 868 officials, 26,800 soldiers, 93 commanders, 2 commanders, 65,438 calligraphers +040,430 households, 65,438 practitioners +0 practitioners, 65,438 yin and yang officials +0 practitioners, 65,438 oracles+0 practitioners, 2 planners and 65,438 medical officials. Zheng He occupied the city for the first time and was crowned by the emperor. 14 13, Zheng He's fleet went to Suman to attack. At that time, the puppet king Su Gan attacked the country, and Zheng He was ordered by the emperor to command the officers and men to pursue it. Su Gan was captured alive and sent to Beijing for punishment. 14 13 Zheng He's fleet stayed in Semarang for a whole month, and Zheng He Fei Xin often went back to the local Chinese to pray. Zheng He ordered Haz Huang Dajing to take charge of China Muslims in Champa. For the first time, he bypassed Arabian Peninsula and sailed to Malindi in East Africa. In the 13th year of Yongle (14 12 August), he returned to China on the eighth day of July. In June165438+1October of the same year, Special Envoy Bongla came to China to worship the "Kirin" (giraffe). Map of Bongolaqin Kirin
Edit this paragraph for the fifth voyage to the West.
In the 15th year of Yongle (1465438+June, 2007), on May 15th, Zheng He, the eunuch of the company commander, made a pilgrimage to the tomb of Islamic sages in Quanzhou and went to Khrushchev and other countries in the west. In the 15th year of Yongle (1465438+June 2007), he set out in May to escort Guri, Java, Malacca, Zhancheng and other countries. Accompanied by the monk Huixin, generals Zhu Zhen and Tang Jing. Zheng He was ordered to put a seal on the king in Kirgiz Prefecture, named the mountain in the central part of the country Zhenguo Mountain, and set up an inscription. Khrushchev pays tribute to lions, leopards and west horses; Adan pays tribute to Kirin, Zufar pays tribute to wildebeest, and Gu Mu pays tribute to Fulu and the lion. Brava pays tribute to camels and ostrich chickens; Java and Guri pay tribute to the warrior lamb. Yongle returned to China on July 17 (1465438+August 8, 2009). At the end of the Song Dynasty, Quanzhou Ship Administration promoted Pu Rihe, Pu Shougeng's nephew, and sent Zheng He, an eunuch, to the Western Seas to find the imperial seal, making meritorious deeds and sealing Zhen Fu in Quanzhou.
Edit this paragraph for the sixth voyage to the West.
On the 30th day of the first month of the 19th year of Yongle (142 1 year), Ming Chengzu ordered Zheng He to send envoys of sixteen countries back to China. In order to catch up with the northeast monsoon, Zheng He led his fleet to set off soon, and successively arrived in Zhancheng, Siam, Hulumus, Adan, Zufar, Sass, Buchwa, Mugushu, Zhubu (now the Juba River in Somalia), Marin, Guri, Kezi, Gaer, Ceylon Mountain, Liushanshan, Nanwuli, Sumatra, Shi Si and other countries and regions. On August 18th, the 20th year of Yongle (1September 3rd, 422), Zheng He's fleet returned to China accompanied by envoys from Siam, Sumatra, Adan and other countries. In the 22nd year of Yongle, Ming Chengzu died, and Injong Zhu Gaochi ascended the throne. Because of the economic emptiness, he ordered to stop sailing to the west.
Edit this passage for the seventh voyage to the West.
In the fifth year of Xuande (1430), Emperor Xuande didn't come to pay tribute, and ordered Zheng He to go to Hulumo and other western countries on business, accompanied by eunuchs Wang Jinghong, Liang Zhu, Yang Zhen, You Shaobao Hongbao and others. According to Zhu Yunming's Preface to the Western Seas in the Ming Dynasty, the number of people who went to the Western Seas for the seventh time included 27,550 officials, flag soldiers, fire captains, helmsmen, squad leaders, general affairs, work, books, doctors, iron anchors and materials. On the sixth day of December in the fifth year of Xuande (1430 1), Zheng He led more than 27,000 officers and men and set sail from Longjiang Pass (now Xiaguan, Nanjing) via Xushan and 10 to Taicang, Jiangsu Province, and arrived at Fuzimen, Taicang on the 20th, 2/kloc. In the spring of the sixth year of Xuande (143 1), Tianfei Palace was completed, and Zheng Heli wrote "Fan Tongzhuan": ... What people have been engaged in various missionary activities since Yongle. Today, after seven times, there are tens of thousands of officers and men in various headquarters and hundreds of seagoing ships, from Taicang Kaiyang to Zhancheng, Siam and Java. In the sixth year of Xuande (143 1), he arrived in Changle Port, Fujian on February 26th. Zheng He's fleet stayed in Changle for about half a year. During this period, Zheng He led Xingping Sanwei, commanded thousands of families and state officials to sell wood and stones, and rebuilt Tianfei Palace in Meizhou Island, Fujian [38]. The Tianfei Palace in Changle County was built next to the Sanfeng Temple in Nanshan, and was completed in 1 1 month. Monument [39] Tian Fei's valid record, and a bronze bell was cast. The inscription reads: "Live forever, pray for peace in the West, and be lucky. On the midsummer day of1910 in the sixth year of Daming Xuande, eunuchs Zheng He, Wang Jinghong and other officers and men devoted themselves to casting bronze clocks. "/kloc-Go to Humen on February 9th and Zhancheng on February 24th. We set sail from Zhancheng in the first month of 2007 and arrived in Java on February 6th. Set sail on June 16 and arrive at the old port on the 27th. We set sail on July 1 and arrived in Malaga on the 8th. We set sail on August 8th and arrived in Sumatra on August18th. 10/set sail on 0/0, 1 1 6/arrived in Ceylon Mountain. We set sail on 10 and arrived in Guri on 18. Set sail on 22nd,1arrived in Hulu Maus on 26th February. On February 18th, 2008, I set sail back to the ocean and arrived in Guri on March 11th. On the way back, Zheng He died of overwork in Guri on the west coast of India in early April of the eighth year of Xuande (1433), and the fleet was taken back by eunuch Wang Jinghong. The ship returned to the sea on the 20th. On April 6th, I went to Sumen to attend a class. /kloc-set sail on 0/2 and arrived in Malaga on the 20th. On May 10, he returned to Kunlun Ocean and arrived in Zhancheng on 26th. We set sail on June 1 day, passing through Nan 'ao Mountain, Wanglang Mountain and Wandieyu Island, entered Taicang on February1day, and arrived in Nanjing on July 6. 1 voyage, second voyage, third voyage, fourth voyage, fifth voyage, sixth voyage and seventh voyage.
1405 June (the third year of Yongle) 1407 10 October 13 (the fifth year of Yongle)1409/kloc-0 October (the seventh year of Yongle)14. 28th (14th year of Yongle) 142 1 3rd March (19th year of Yongle) 1430 (5th year of Xuande) 29th June.
Edit this paragraph to bless the Bodhisattva.
Zheng He's seven voyages to the West were not only related to the technical environment. According to his own account, he was able to travel safely with the help of Maurize Buddha because he studied Maurize's Buddhism. At the end of the volume of "Buddhist Sutra on Morita Bodhisattva" carved by Zheng He.
1403 (the first year of Yongle in the Ming dynasty) Zheng He was thirty-two years old. On the first day of the first month, he went to the royal Fengtian Hall to be congratulated by the imperial court, and gave a big banquet to entertain officials of civil and military affairs and four foreign envoys. (A Record of Ming Taizu's Cheng Zu (Volume 16)) In May, Fujian was ordered to build 137 seagoing ships. ("A Record of Ming Taizu's Cheng Zu", Volume 19) In August, Jing Wei and the governments of Zhejiang, Huguang, Jiangxi and Suzhou were ordered to build 200 seagoing ships. (Record of Ming Taizu, Volume XXI) On August 23rd, Yao inscribed Zheng Heyin's Book of Mo, saying, "Zheng He, a disciple of the Bodhisattva's amulet, was blessed with good dharma and devoted his life to it. He published it and circulated it, and his income was beyond words. Fushan is getting more and more fragrant every day, so please ask questions, so tell me this. (On August 20th and 3rd of the first year of Yongle, in the autumn of Guiwei, the monk recorded the story of the shaman Daoyan of Zuoshan Master. " . (Postscript of Morita Sutra) 1406 (Yongle four years of Ming Dynasty) When Zheng He was 35 years old, Zheng He and others made their first trip to western countries, passing through countries such as Zhancheng, Java, Sumatra, Manciga and Ceylon.