Ten scenic spots in Longyang: a trip to Baoshan
Baoshan, located at the end of the longitudinal valley in western Yunnan of Hengduan Mountains, is a mountain system extending southward from Gaoligong Mountain and Nvshan Mountain. Lancang River and Nujiang River are separated from each other, with diverse topography, mild climate, fertile land and rich products.
Baoshan has a long history and is one of the birthplaces of ancient humans. The remains of stone tools, ash stoves and animal fossils found in Tangzigou, Pupiao Township, Baoshan City were identified by China Academy of Sciences, among which they were named "Pupiao Man", belonging to four generations of ancient human remains such as skulls, jaws and seven teeth, dating back more than 8,000 years. The human remains and relics found in Yuanmou, Yunnan, Lantian, Shaanxi, Zhoukoudian, Beijing and Pupiao, Yunnan are gradually opening the curtain of ancient human history in China.
Baoshan, formerly known as Yongchang, was developed very early.
Baoshan, a historical trade fortress, is a distribution center for materials in different places.
Baoshan is rich in historical and cultural heritage, with numerous historical sites, including the rugged ancient Silk Road, the famous Yunnan-Myanmar Highway during World War II, the site of Songshan Battle, and numerous temple tourists, such as the ancient temple Liyuan, Jade Emperor Pavilion, the largest jade Buddha in China, and the reclining Buddha Temple.
Among them, the reclining Buddha Temple was brought here by the Dai people in China, Myanmar and Thailand to worship Buddha, and there was an endless stream. 196 1 Mrs Wu Nu Kay, former prime minister of Myanmar, made a special trip through Baoshan. On April 6th, she dressed in a yellow silk cassock went to pay homage and gladly donated her work.
Throughout the ages, Zheng Chun, Lu Kai, Xu Xiake, Yang Shengan, Xu Beihong, international friend Kyle Poirot and other historical celebrities have left deep footprints here.
The "Tonghua Cloth" and "Yongzi" (Go) produced by the famous Baoshan in ancient times are also the witness of Baoshan's history and culture.
Baoshan is also known as the provincial-level scenic spot of Bonan Ancient Road in Baoshan. The scenic spot integrates spectacular natural and humanistic social landscapes such as icebergs and snow peaks, rare animals and plants, high mountains and deep valleys with three towering mountains and two rivers running through. Scenic spots are divided into: 1, Gaoligong Mountain Central Scenic Area; 2. Baoshan Dam Scenic Area; 3. Lancang River Scenic Area. Among them, Gaoligong Mountain also has the title of national nature reserve, with more than 2,000 rare plants such as Taiwania flousiana, tree fern and Davidia involucrata, and nearly 500 rare animals such as takin, bee monkey and clouded leopard. It is a rare "alpine botanical garden", "natural museum" and "species gene bank" in the world.
In Baoshan Bonan Ancient Road Scenic Area, natural and human landscapes blend, running through the famous city scenic area and Gaoligong Mountain scenic area.
Bonan Ancient Route
Among the three major Silk Roads in China (Northwest Silk Road, South Maritime Silk Road and Southwest Silk Road), the Southwest Silk Road developed the earliest and was opened in the 4th century BC. In the Han Dynasty, this Silk Road was called "the Road of Shudu". Shu is Sichuan, and poison is the ancient name of India. It refers to the trade route from Sichuan, through Yunnan and Myanmar to India.
Although the ancient road is difficult to travel, ancient business travelers managed to get through this road of non-governmental trade in spite of many difficulties and obstacles. They used horses, camels and even manpower to transport silk, cloth, porcelain, iron, lacquerware and tea to India and Myanmar, and brought back precious stones, pearls, shells and colored glasses for sale. The idea of Indian Buddhism spread along the route, and the bands and acrobatics of Shan people (Myanmar) were introduced to Luoyang court in the Eastern Han Dynasty, which was also the result of cultural exchanges with South Asian countries through Yongchang Road on the Southwest Silk Road.
The Southwest Silk Road starts from Sichuan, takes the Five Equators in the southeast and Lingguan Road in the southwest respectively, and finally connects Dali. From Dali to the west, through Yangbi County, enter Bonanshan District. Bonan is a county name that began to be used in 1 century. It is located in Yongping today. This mountain road was built on the order of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty around 105 BC (then called Bonanshan Road). The ancient road crossed the Lancang River westward and entered Baoshan area. Baoshan was the seat of Yongchang County and Yongchang Mansion in ancient times, and it was also the main area where this generation of Silk Road passed, so "Yongchang Road" was used as the name of this ancient road.
Standing by the Lancang River, you can see that Bonan Mountain and Luomin Mountain are far apart, and there is Jinlan Gudu, which is the only way to take Yongchang Road. There are two piers near the ferry, and Jihongqiao, the oldest cable bridge found in China. According to legend, at that time, business travelers and people waiting to cross the bridge lined up for five or six miles every morning before the gate of the bridge pavilion was opened. Today, there are deep horseshoe nests on the post road, which is enough to prove the frequency of horse traffic on the post road at that time.
Xu xiake's trip to Baoshan
In the 12th year of Chongzhen in Ming Dynasty (A.D. 1639), at the end of spring, Xu Xiake (A.D. 1587- 16465438, a native of Jiangyin, Jiangsu Province) was a "man of eternal wonder" and made the last and most difficult journey in his life-"Wan Li Yao". From March 28th, he entered Jihongqiao, and left Baoshan from Changning on August 4th. In more than four months, he walked in dangerous places, explored the homesickness, made friends with his hometown, and visited old people in the wild. His feelings wandered along with the surging Cangjiang River, and he traveled all over the two foothills of Gaoligong Mountain, visited historical sites, investigated natural, economic and cultural realities such as geography, transportation, products and folk customs, and made use of his own experience.
As an outstanding geographer, Xu Xiake carefully observed the mountains on both sides of Lancang River and Nujiang River, and after many textual researches, he reached a scientific inference that the two rivers belong to the same sea, and corrected the fallacy of the common understanding that Lancang River "meets Yuanjiang River" and Nujiang River "meets Lancang River" in the Annals of Daming Unification. Climbing to the top of Gong Li, talking with "natives" by the fire pond, I learned that this mountain is commonly known as "Kunlun Hill", so I was keenly associated with the fact that Montessori of Nanzhao once named this mountain "Xiyue", and then made a conclusion with his unique scientific judgment: "As far as its height is concerned, it is the south branch of Kunlun Mountain", which revealed the ins and outs of Gaoligong Mountain to the world for the first time.
As a great yogi unparalleled in the world, Xu Xiake has a sincere and affectionate concern for Baoshan's mountains, waters, scenery and customs-in the far field near Baoshan City, he visited Longquan, Dengtaibao, Tanbajiao Cave, worshipping Buddha, KaoJiulong Cuigang, Ailao Jinjing, Tianshengqiao, Chadong River, Dengagate Mountain and Guanlishi Mine. In this paradise for the poor, he interviewed and recorded a lot of local history, customs, production and living conditions. For example, he wrote about an old local official who once invited him to have dinner with him: "He is 97 years old, and he is old, and later he changed to the early Longjiang (the person who" went out "). Everyone in the audience said that their hostages were straight men and did not harm anyone. They have been local officials for the longest time, and they have never created a storm ... They felt that * * * slaughtered a cow and sold it as a pension. " The simplicity of folk customs is vividly on the paper. What is particularly unforgettable is that during his travels, Xu Xiake was fascinated by the scenery in front of him three times, and thus launched the three wonders of "Yunnan is the first"-first, he crossed the Jihongqiao Bridge, boarded the ladder road, and saw the water village "surrounded by flat depressions, falling like a city, with four mountains on the top and a round bottom like a mirror." This should be the first victory of Yunnan "; Second, he crossed the chessboard and entered Snake Valley Road.
See "the east-west cliff is sandwiched by a line, the cloud is sandwiched by the sun, and the stream is embedded in the bottom." Montmorillonite, the road is on the upper side, and the wall is covered with cliffs. In the north ... there is a monument leaning on the cliff of Nanshan, with the title:' This ancient snake valley'. Zhuge Wu is waiting here to burn rattan armor, and then he believes it and is crowned in the south "; Third, when he went to Manao Mountain in Liu Yang to explore the Lengshuihe Waterfall, he exclaimed: "The white water in central Guizhou (Huangguoshu Waterfall) is not so deep, and the hanging note of Tengyang Drip (Tengchong Overlapping Water) is not so huge ... The waterfall in central Yunnan should be the first." So everyone's handwriting can be called the icing on the cake of a landscape.
On July 29th, Xu Xiake bid farewell to Baoshan City, followed by Changning, ending his trip to Baoshan, which was destined to add color to the border landscape. The Jade Emperor Pavilion, which is adjacent to Huizhenlou, an antique quadrangle in the north, has since become a sacred place for Baoshan people, because it is the place where Xu Xiake stayed when traveling, and some chapters of Xu Xiake's travel notes and the joy of Yongchang have also been carved into eternity from here. Now, when I see Lou Sixian, I can't help but feel reverence. ...
Xu Xiake's Impression of Baoshan Diet
Baoshan is known as the "animal kingdom" and "plant kingdom", with rich natural resources, unique diet tradition, long history, numerous nationalities, different customs, high mountains and dense forests, and rich diet varieties.
As the saying goes, "green is a vegetable, moving is meat", and "relying on mountains to eat, relying on water to eat" is Baoshan people's endowment for their own environment. So, which diets can impress Xu Xiake, who is well-informed and knowledgeable, arouse his curiosity and describe it?
The dietary customs in Baoshan described in Xu Xiake's travel notes mainly include: 1, the dietary customs of ethnic minorities in Manchuria: eating raw meat "distiller's grains raw meat"; Use grilled fish as an appetizer; The hard life of cooking barley in Yangliuqianzhai (Yi nationality). Pu Piao's big shop drinks with distiller's grains (Dai). "Those who sell pulp should take a sip even at the bottom." "Tengchong camp in pojiao village, vinegar celery as a snack. 2. Mushroom delicacies: the tree moth in Agate Mountain, Liu Yang, "The one born on the mushroom wood is yellow and white. Compared with the fungus, it has stems and branches, but compared with the chicken, it is not soil and wood, so it is just a foreign body. "In Baoshan City, I ate fresh chicken with soup and bibimbap, and bought chicken and asked the landlord of Liuguan to cook dried chicken. 3. Animal game: I tasted roasted venison in Zhuba store in Gaoligongshan and ate fish in Baoshan Jiulongchi. 4, wild fruit: cold water (Pupu) yellow fruit "sweet and sour can quench thirst. "Baoshan's" Bonus "is ripe, and the branch presses the wall south, and it is lovely. Raw green and ripe red, pick and eat. " And compare it with that in his hometown. Raspberry in Baoshan Lengshuiqing (Pupiao) "Danfu picked the black fruit at the mouth of the cave, which is really a raspberry; Its color is red, it is black after cooking and can be eaten. " And compared with the red fruit I saw before. 5. Jungle dried fruit: the flying pine in Tengchong ancient cave, "A fox (Quercus) is solid and solid, just like a phoenix tree, which is twice as big in color (astringency), tastes like a phoenix tree, and its shell is thin and easy to peel. In the dense forest, it is worthwhile to cut down the tree at first sight, but the tree will survive later and the children will fly to the empty plants. Therefore,
Say' flying pine' ". Tengchong street bamboo "is as big as pine nuts, and the meat ball is like lotus seed meat, which is cooked by the natives to sell." "6. Pickled products: Tengchong began to eat bamboo catfish in bacon. "Garden bamboo shoots in Tengchong ancient cave" tastes the same as my hometown. There are fragrant bamboo shoots in August and September, which are bottled in Kaoru Miki and have a fragrant taste. "7. Cheap price: Pupiaoxi Village:" The price of rice is quite cheap, and twenty pieces can satisfy three or four people. " Olive slope: "Rice is very cheap. Two meals every twenty nights, with double packs. "8. Special utensils and methods: Tengchong" completely burns soil as a pot ". The four peaks of the hunting tiger saw the man, and the sound was corresponding. The two men went up and down to find the man. "In addition, many diets such as tofu, soybean milk, steamed bread, steamed buns, pies, tea, mackerel, giant salamander (tuatara) and giant salamander (alligator sinensis) are described.
Diet is an important aspect of reflecting the folk customs of all ethnic groups. Xu Xiake's travels have a history of 366 years. Things have changed, and some diets are no longer edible. He has only been in Baoshan for more than four months, and his products vary from season to season. He hasn't set foot in many delicacies of Baoshan. With the progress of history, Baoshan's diet has developed greatly, and the records in his travel notes do not represent the whole diet of Baoshan. But Xu Xiake grasped the characteristics of Baoshan diet, that is, the national, natural and unique diet under specific natural conditions. Today, the country is implementing the strategy of developing the western region and building Yunnan into a major tourist province. Food is the most important thing for people. We should learn and use the Baoshan diet described by Xu Xiake, and look for foods in Baoshan diet that can make foreigners feel strange and impressive. It not only has historical and cultural value, but also has important practical significance for promoting the development of catering industry and tourism.
National festivals
Duanyang Flower Street in Baoshan Duanyang Flower Street is a traditional grand meeting of people of all ethnic groups in Baoshan, which is held every year on the Dragon Boat Festival. By then, there will be hundreds of thousands of pots (plants) of listed flowers, which will make Baoshan city full of flowers, most of which are orchids. Today's Duanyang Flower Street is also a large-scale comprehensive exposition, with all kinds of anthers, birds and insects, local products and daily necessities. The whole city is decorated with lanterns and colorful sheds, and Chinese and foreign people and businessmen and celebrities are in an endless stream, which is a great sight.
At the same time, there are festivals of other ethnic groups, such as the "Water-splashing Festival" of the Dai people, the "Torch Festival" of the Yi people, temple fairs, mountain products fairs and so on.
Baoshan tourism
Baoshan West Yunnan Anti-Japanese War Monument Wofo Temple Ancient Southwest Silk Road Site Zhuge Liangying Site Longwangtan Scenic Resort Scenic Area Gaoligongshan Liyuan Jihongqiao Jinji Ancient Town Shuanghongqiao Mayflower Street Huitong Bridge.
Baoshan snacks
Brainwashed "pot" Yongchang salted duck cauliflower pickled pepper with bee bait "penetrating heart green" Baoshan braised jar chicken dried pickled pepper "big rescue" Xiacun bean powder stir-fried with "five drops of water" and "saliva soup" mountain forest vegetarian meal Chunxiang yellow wine pickled pepper paste
Baoshan specialty
Rattan woven jadeite, delicacies and seafood, chicken fir, tea from "tea town", sweet garlic spice, cigarette Nino tea, mango cold mill pot tea, and small coffee "Yunzi" tea oil Yongchang ancient woven mushroom brown rice wrapped with pomegranate.