Is Taoranting Park fun?
Taoranting Park is located in the northwest of Taoranting Bridge on the South Second Ring Road in Beijing. The park covers a total area of 59 hectares, including water surface 17 hectares. The park was built in 1952. It is the earliest modern garden built in Beijing after the founding of the People's Republic of China. It is located in a scenic spot in Yanjing, known as "Doumen Resort", with a long history and mottled historical sites. The famous Taoranting and Bates Temple are located here. Beautiful garden scenery, rich cultural connotation and glorious revolutionary historical sites make her a tourist attraction.
In the thirty-fourth year of Emperor Kangxi of Qing Dynasty (1695), Jiang Zao, a doctor of the Ministry of Industry, was ordered to supervise the black kiln factory. He built a small pavilion in the west of Bates Abbey, named after the word "Tao Ran" in Bai Juyi's poem "Waiting for Chrysanthemum to Get Familiar, Drunk with You". This small pavilion is very popular with literati, and is known as "the place where Zhou Hou borrows flowers and the right army mows grass", and it is also regarded as a must-see place by literati from all over the country who come to Beijing. During the more than 200 years in the Qing Dynasty, this pavilion enjoyed a long reputation and became one of the best pavilions in the capital.
There are many famous historical sites around Taoranting. There is Longju Temple in the northwest, and there are some buildings in the temple, such as Arrow Plate, Nitian Pavilion, Kanshan Pagoda and Baobing Hall. Celebrities often rest here, and their popularity is comparable to that of Taoran Pavilion in Daoguang period. There are Black Dragon Pool, Wang Longting, Yina Temple, Cimei Garden and Zuyuan in the southeast. There is Shi Feng Garden in the southwest; There is a kiln platform due north; There are tombs of incense and parrots in the northeast, as well as tombs of drunken Guo and Saijinhua in modern times. Most of these monuments are earlier than Taoranting, and some even earlier than Bates Temple. All have a history of literati chanting, and all have had their own glorious periods.
Modern Taoranting has a glorious historical chapter. Around the May 4th Movement, Li Dazhao, Mao Zedong and Zhou Enlai, the founders and leaders of China's * * * production party, successively came to Taoranting to carry out revolutionary activities. 1920 65438+ 10 18, got together with members of the "auxiliary society" in Beijing to discuss the struggle to expel Hunan warlord Zhang, and took a group photo in front of the locust tree outside the gate of An Mountain. On August 6th, 1920, progressive groups such as Tianjin Enlightenment Society and Beijing young chinese Society discussed the direction of the revolutionary struggle after the May 4th Movement and the joint struggle of various groups in the North Hall. 192 1 In July and August, Li Dazhao rented two rooms in the south room of an in the name of Chen Yusheng, a member of young chinese Institution, and his wife Jin Qixin was buried in the tomb of Mrs. Shou beside Taoranting, where she conducted secret activities. During 1923, Deng Zhongxia, Yun and Gao often attended the meeting.
Modern Taoranting Park is a new modern urban garden which combines ancient architecture with modern gardening art, and highlights the pavilion culture in China.
There are lush trees, lush flowers, uneven pavilions and pleasant scenery in the park. On the island in the middle of the lake, there are Jinqiudun and Yantou Mountain, which are in full swing with Taoranting. There is Qiu Jin Pavilion on the pier of Qiu Jin, which is the website of Huaxian Temple. There is a "Rose Mountain" at the southern foot of Tingnan Mountain, and its land is the site of the original incense burial, parrot burial and Saijinhua tomb. There are famous high tombs and Shi Pingmei tombs in the pine forest under the pavilion. There is a sightseeing pavilion at the top of Yantou Mountain, opposite to Qiu Jin Pavilion, and a Chengguang Pavilion is built at the foot of the southwest of the pavilion, which is the most suitable place to see the lake and the mountain. North of Tingbei Mountain is Evergreen Pavilion.
The famous China Pavilion, built in 1985, is the "garden in the garden" of Taoranting Park. By concentrating tourism resources, the famous exhibition halls in China are carefully selected and imitated. There are more than ten pavilions, including Zuiweng Pavilion, Lanting, Echi Monument Pavilion, Shaoling Caotang Monument Pavilion, Canglang Pavilion, Duxing Pavilion, Er Quan Pavilion, Chuitai Pavilion, Shenyue Pavilion and Baipo Pavilion. These famous pavilions are all imitated according to the ratio of 1: 1, and pavilions and landscapes are combined to complement each other. Walking in the garden is like crossing mountains and rivers or visiting the splendid hometown of wuyue, which has a deeper historical and cultural connotation. Tourists can appreciate the architectural art and cultural landscape of the Chinese nation without going far away.
There are 36 pavilions in Taoranting Park, which are moved, imitated, designed and built by themselves. Taoranting Park receives 7 million tourists every year, with a daily peak of 60,000 tourists. In 2002, it was awarded the first batch of 4A-level tourist attractions and the title of civilized tourist attractions in the capital by the National Tourism Administration. Taoranting Park also has comprehensive facilities such as cruise ship, water park, children's entertainment city, Van Gogh Music, playground, restaurant, Taoran Garden Hotel and commercial outlets. Warmly welcome Chinese and foreign guests for sightseeing.
Main landscape:
Le Sureiting Park
Taoran Pavilion is a famous pavilion in Qing Dynasty, and now it is one of the four famous historical pavilions in China. In the thirty-fourth year of Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty, when Jiang Zao, a doctor of the Ministry of Industry, supervised the black kiln factory, he saw that "there was a vicious pond in the west, with many aquatic plants, which looked very quiet and without any dust", so he built a small pavilion here. A few years later, it was named after the poem of Bai Juyi, a poet in the Tang Dynasty: "Chrysanthemum is more familiar with home and drunk with you." Taoranting Park and Taoranting area are named after this. This pavilion is three rooms wide and one and a half rooms deep, covering an area of 90 square meters. Su-style paintings are hung on the pavilion, and the beams in the house are decorated with landscape flowers and birds. The two girders are painted with "Colorful Chrysanthemum", "Eight Immortals Crossing the Sea", "Taibai Drunk" and "Liu Hai Beating Golden Toad" respectively. There are three plaques on the pavilion, one is written by Jiang Zao, the builder of the pavilion, and the other is the words "Xijiang Moon". Looking at the Western Hills on the Taoranting was written by Qi Baishi, and the other one was inscribed by Guo Moruo, which was hung on the East Post. This couplet was written by Lin Zexu. There are no old couplets, but now they are rewritten by Huang Miaozi, a contemporary calligrapher. Pavilions and pavilions are hung with "one bright eye, half an acre of red lotus marsh, fireworks and a white moon breeze". Now couplets are written by Kang Yong, a modern calligrapher. "There is no one in the ancient temple, and the couch is leaning against the deep hall." This couplet was written by Weng Fanggang. During Guangxu period, Jing Ming, the host of Bates Temple, asked Weng Tonghe, the teacher of Guangxu Emperor, to rewrite it.
There are four stone carvings on the north and south walls of the pavilion, one is the quotation and postscript of Tao Ran Yin written by Jiang Zao, the other is The Story of Tao Ran Pavilion written by Gao Jiang, the third is the preface of Tan Sitong's Thoughts on the Old Ming Dynasty in the South of the City, and the fourth is Tao Ran Pavilion Collection written by Wang Chang. The bamboo king in the poem is Zhu Jun, and this poem was written by Wang Chang in Qianlong for about forty years.
After the completion of Taoranting, Jiang Zao often invited some literati, colleagues and friends to Taoranting for banquets and poems, which turned it into a "clean world in the world of mortals". Therefore, Taoranting is a place where scholars gather, so there are many poems left, such as those left by Qiu Jin and Gong Zizhen.
Taoranting and Bates Temple are surrounded by the lake on three sides, with Cuilanting on the central island in the east, Yaotai across the lake in the north and Yunhua Building and Yin Qing Pavilion in the west. The lake is sparkling, the lotus flowers are in full bloom, and the breeze blows on the face, making people look like Tao Ran.
Zhuntidian
Zhunti Hall faces south, and the door opens in two directions. There are walls and no windows in the north, and there is a door in the middle, which is opposite to the door of guanyin temple in the north. Zhunti Hall was originally dedicated to Zhunti and other three Bodhisattvas. There are many Buddha statues, statues, sacrificial vessels and offerings in the hall. Temple forehead: "Zhun Ti Bao Dian"; Temple joint title: "Fayu Ciyun, all beings are blessed; The golden wheel is covered with treasure, and the two rings are long and bright. " All these old things are gone now. Zhunti Hall is now "Taoranting Stone Room".
guanyin temple
Guanyin Hall is the main hall of Bates Temple, facing south, opposite Zhunti Hall. These two halls are located on the central axis of Bates buddhist nun. Although the specifications and systems are similar, the base of Guanyin Hall is more than 60 centimeters higher than Zhunti Hall, and there are halls, so it is more magnificent. Rooftop vertebrates, such as lions, unicorns and seahorses, look solemn and antique. 1986 5438+00 In June, the "Taoranting Garden History Exhibition Room" was set up in Kannonji, the main content of which was to educate young people about revolutionary traditions and open it to visitors. The content of the showroom is divided into three parts: a long history, a revolutionary memorial site and the rebirth of Taoranting.
wenchangge
Wenchang Pavilion faces south, with 3 rooms (8. 1m) wide and 1 room (4.4m) deep. The building height is about 10 meter, with a total construction area of 83.28 square meters. There is a small pavilion in front of the pavilion. There is a corridor facing south upstairs, which can be overlooked through the railing. The exposed parts of wooden beams and purlins in Wenchang Pavilion, as well as the ceilings of pavilions and cloisters, are decorated with colorful paintings, which are quite gorgeous. In addition, although this museum is small, it is quite distinctive. Therefore, although it does not have the shape of cornices and arches, it is majestic and elegant. Wenchang Pavilion is dedicated to Wenchang Emperor (also known as Zitong Emperor) and Kuixing. These two gods dominate the rise and fall of literature and fame, and are most respected by literati. Therefore, in the feudal era, it has always been a holy place for candidates taking exams in Beijing. Hundreds of poems written by Wenchang Pavilion to predict fate are all seven-character quatrains composed of ancient poems, handed down from generation to generation by Ji Xiaolan. Monks wrote these poems as "Before the Spirit of Wenchang" for people who came here to ask for a visa.
Liaoshizhuang
The stone buildings in front of Bates Temple and Wenchang Pavilion were built in Shou Chang, Liaoning Province for five years (AD 1099), with a history of more than 900 years. It is an octagonal cylinder with a height of 2.52 meters and is engraved with Chinese scriptures and transliteration of Sanskrit on all sides. The building is called "Dalagni Building with Kindness, Wisdom, Greatness, Morality and Buddha". There are detailed records about this building in the Textual Research of Old Days, which provides physical evidence for us to determine that Taoranting area is located in the eastern suburb of Nanjing in Liao Dynasty. There was a monk named Wei buried here in the Liao Dynasty, and the emperor of the Liao Dynasty named him "the teacher of kindness" and gave him "purple clothes". He died of illness in Shou Chang for four years, and in Shou Chang for five years. His disciple was buried next to JD. COM”。 19121kloc-0/9 When Mr. Lu Xun came to Taoranting, he also heard monks introduce the history of Liao Mansion. 1964, Guo Moruo carefully looked at the stone buildings and pointed out: "They are not only ancient and valuable cultural relics, but also important coordinates for determining the site of Jinzhong City and an important benchmark in Beijing history.
Jin Dai Shi Zhuang
Classical architecture is a kind of stone carving of ancient religion, which was built in the Tang Dynasty. It is a stone pillar with many stone carvings piled on it.
The stone building of Jin Dynasty, located behind the inner shadow wall of Bates Temple Gate, is a classic building left over from the ninth year of Jintianhui (A.D. 1 13 1). The building is an octagonal cylinder with four Buddha statues and four Sanskrit texts carved on its eight sides. These four scriptures are Guanyin Bodhisattva Ganlu Dalagni, Purity Fadalah Ni, Knowing the Tathagata's Heart and Breaking Hell. In the history of China, both the Northern Han Dynasty commander and the Jin Dynasty satrap Wan used the title of Tianhui, but the Northern Han regime only lasted for 29 years (95 1-979), and its area was less than that of Gyeonggi. Therefore, the academic circles believe that this classic building is a relic of the Jin Dynasty, which is supposed to be more than 900 years ago.
Taorantingji stone carvings
Stone carvings are historical relics in Taoranting area, reflecting the historical features of Taoranting. At present, there is a stone carving showroom in the southeast of Bates buddhist nun, displaying precious historical relics.
1. The stone carving of "Doumen Holiday Village" was written by Zhang Boying, and its content was inscribed. This was done by Zhang Boying after the Mid-Autumn Festival in 1935 to rebuild the Taoran Pavilion. Zhang Boying was the commander of Kuomintang, and served as the first member of Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference after the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC).
2. Zhu Lan Map Stone Carvings: It is a set of stone carvings with three Tang scrolls. There are orchids, bamboos and stones painted on the scroll, as well as poems and inscriptions written by many people. These three scrolls were created by participants of Taoranting Mid-Autumn Festival in 1933. The painter painted hundreds of paintings, and Wu wrote an inscription: "Bamboo is an open-minded teacher."
3. Stone carving of Kuixing map: Kuixing map was originally enshrined in Wenchang Pavilion, and Kuixing map was formed in the shape of "Kui", which was "contention" for Kuixing map. This is the so-called "Kuixingdou". In the morning, according to such a glyph, the figure of Kuixing looks like a ghost with its head tilted upward, like Zi Kui's hook. Holding the word "Dou" in the middle of a bucket like Wei Xiao in one hand and writing it in the other, it means that the experimenter's name is written with a pen, but the hand holding the bucket is missing. This image is composed of four words: self-denial, self-respect and self-cultivation. Kuixing is a Taoist god who dominates the rise and fall of literature.
4. The stone carving of "All Happy": This stone carving was originally written in front of the southern Zhang house of Taoranting, and was written in 1934.
5. Colorful clouds, songs before colorful clouds, songs after colorful clouds:
This is a set of three stone carvings describing Sai Jinhua's "life", originally embedded in the north wall of Taoranting, which was built by stonework in 1937.
The stone carving of Colorful Clouds has the image of colorful clouds, which was created by Zhang Daqian, a master of art. This painting was painted by Fan Zengming's long poem "Colorful Clouds". Fan Zengxiang is quite proud of his "Colorful Clouds", carefully writing and mounting it, and preparing to keep it as a family collection book forever. After his death, his manuscript Caiyun was collected by the collector Dong at that time. 1937, Sai Jinhua, the hostess of Caiyun, died and was buried in Taoranting. Taking this opportunity, 1934 borrowed these calligraphy and paintings from Dong, who contributed to the reconstruction of Taoranting, to make stone carvings and embed them on the walls of Taoranting, to show the nostalgia of the people in the old capital for Saijinhua.
Qu Yun with Thousand Colors is a long poem describing the life of Sai Jinhua, which was written in the 25th year of Guangxu. The author Zengxiang Fan was a celebrity at that time. Many of his descriptions of Sai's life are inconsistent with reality.
"After the Clouds" is a sequel to "Before the Clouds" written by Zengxiang Fan after the year of Gengzi, and it is also a long poem. Written in the 29th year of Guangxu, that is, the third year of "the change of Gengzi".
6. Tomb table of Zhao: This tombstone was erected by Pan Yugui, a senior official of the Puppet Manchukuo, for Sai Jinhua.
7. "City Mountain Forest" Stone Carving: The stone carving is written by the stone side, and the signature is "Yihai Double Ninth Festival, the stone side". Originally embedded in the abutment wall at the northeast corner of Bates Temple, 1978 disappeared after reconstruction. Now the stone carving is copied on the basis of the original stone carving rubbings
8. Liyuan Pavilion Stone Monument: It stands under the eaves on the west side of the South Hall in the front yard of Bates Temple. This monument was made in 1930, and now it has been worn out and carved as "Taoranting". The inscription comes from the hand, with Wei Bei style, strong brushwork and distinctive features. Tourists often take this monument as a symbol of Taoranting and take photos here as a souvenir.