What is the smog index? What does the smog index mean?
Haze is a livelihood issue that is of great concern to everyone. Haze weather is very harmful to the human body. Unlike fog in the morning, the appearance of haze heralds many environmental problems. It is the environment There are many reasons for the bad situation that causes smog. Some people may have heard of the smog index, but don’t know what it means. Let’s introduce it to you below.
1. What is the smog index?
The smog index is actually what is usually called the air quality index. It is a low-energy dimensionless index that describes the desolation of the control. For individual pollution The pollutants involved in the air quality evaluation include fine particulate matter, respirable particulate matter, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, ozone, and carbon monoxide. The smog index mainly refers to the comprehensive evaluation of sulfur dioxide, respirable particulate matter and individual nitrogen oxides.
2. How normal is the haze index?
The haze index evaluation is divided into 6 levels
Level one: air pollution index is 0-50, air quality condition Belongs to excellence.
Level 2: The air pollution index is 51-100, and the air quality is good.
Level 3: The air pollution index is 101-150, and the air quality is mildly polluted.
Level 4: The air pollution index is 151-200, and the air quality is moderately polluted.
Level 5: The air pollution index is 201-300, and the air quality is severely polluted.
Level 6: The air pollution index is greater than 300, and the air quality condition is seriously polluted.
3. The significance of the haze index
Level 1: The air quality is satisfactory, there is basically no air pollution, and all types of people can carry out normal activities.
Level 2: The air quality is acceptable, but some pollutants may have a weak impact on the health of a very small number of extremely sensitive people. It is recommended that a very small number of extremely sensitive people should reduce outdoor activities.
Level 3: Symptoms in susceptible people are mildly aggravated, and healthy people have irritating symptoms. It is recommended that children, the elderly and patients with heart disease and respiratory diseases should reduce long-term and high-intensity outdoor exercise.
Level 4: It further aggravates the symptoms of susceptible people and may have an impact on the heart and respiratory systems of healthy people. It is recommended that patients with the disease avoid long-term, high-intensity outdoor exercise, and the general population should reduce outdoor exercise appropriately.
Level 5: Symptoms of patients with heart disease and lung disease are significantly aggravated, exercise tolerance is reduced, and symptoms are common in healthy people. It is recommended that children, the elderly, and patients with heart disease and lung disease should stay indoors and stop outdoor exercise. , the general population reduces outdoor exercise.
Level 6: Healthy people have reduced exercise tolerance, have obvious and severe symptoms, and develop certain diseases in advance. It is recommended that children, the elderly and patients should stay indoors and avoid physical exertion. The general population should avoid going outdoors. Activity.
4. Protective measures against haze
Elderly people: Elderly people must stay at home more during haze weather and exercise indoors. Avoid going out for exercise and cook food at home. Steaming is the main method to reduce the fumes produced by frying and so on.
Children: Children's physical development is not yet complete, and haze is more harmful. In haze weather, children should avoid going out, learn more about haze, and strengthen their awareness of self-protection.
Pregnant women: Pregnant women must not go out during haze weather. It is suitable to rest at home and pay attention to supplementing the relative humidity at home.
Outdoor activities: People working outdoors need to wear masks when going out, and wear gas masks when necessary, especially traffic police, sanitation workers, construction workers, etc.
5. What are the dangers of haze?
First, it induces respiratory diseases. The composition of smog is very complex, with hundreds of particles in different sizes. These particles pass through human breathing and enter the respiratory tract, causing respiratory diseases such as bronchitis and asthma.
Second, it causes cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. In haze weather, the oxygen content in the air is low, which can make the heart beat faster, causing chest tightness and shortness of breath. It is especially harmful to the elderly.
Third, it causes various bacterial diseases. Because of the haze weather, the sunlight cannot reach the earth, or the sunlight is weak. This will cause bacterial and viral microorganisms on the surface to multiply rapidly, causing allergies and other diseases.
Fourth, the risk of cancer is increased. As we all know, smokers are 60% more likely to develop lung cancer than ordinary people, and smog contains more harmful particles, so smog is more likely to cause cancer than smoking.
Fifth, it makes people feel depressed and irritable. People's mood is easily affected by the weather. When the weather is gloomy and hazy, and the air is polluted, people's mood will become depressed and irritable. Lack of energy to do things.
Sixth, traffic accidents are prone to occur. Haze weather will reduce visibility. In severe cases, you can only see clearly a few meters away. It poses a great safety hazard to pedestrians and vehicles on the road and is very dangerous.