Qingdao, Hangzhou or Guangzhou, which city has a better climate and is more suitable for people to live and live?
Guangzhou is the largest coastal city in southern China, China and China. The surface receives solar radiation; The surface receives solar radiation; The surface receives solar radiation; The amount of solar radiation is large; Large quantity; Large quantity; At the same time, it is influenced by monsoon and monsoon; Summer ocean warm current forms high temperature summer ocean warm current forms high temperature summer ocean warm current forms high temperature summer ocean warm current forms high temperature summer ocean warm current forms high temperature summer ocean warm current forms high temperature summer rainy climate. . . . Guangzhou is a city with a lot of precipitation, a city with a lot of precipitation, a city with a lot of precipitation, a city with a lot of precipitation, Guangzhou precipitation is affected by many factors, Guangzhou precipitation is affected by many factors, such as climate, topography and other factors. . . . In addition, in addition, in addition, because Guangzhou is an industrial zone, because Guangzhou is an industrial zone, so in a certain month, so in a certain month, the haze weather is serious, the haze weather is serious, and the haze weather is serious. . . .
Qingdao is surrounded by mountains and waters, and its geographical environment is very superior. However, the environmental capacity of the city is limited. With the economic construction and the expansion of urban scale, the contradiction between urban development and environmental capacity is becoming more and more prominent. How to make full use of the good geographical environment and avoid the harm of environmental disasters has become an urgent problem to be solved. 1 The main environmental problems in Qingdao are manifold, some of which are avoidable and some are inevitable. Therefore, it is extremely important to classify the causes of environmental problems for how to make rational use of environmental resources and protect the living environment. In the past, there was little research work in this field. The author thinks that environmental problems can be divided into three categories: the first category is environmental problems caused by purely natural internal and external geological processes, Table 1 Classification Table of Major Environmental Problems in Qingdao. 1 Table of Contents Main Environmental Problems in Qingdao Positive Environmental Problems Negative Environmental Problems Comprehensive Environmental Problems 1 Regional Crustal Stability 2 Engineering Geological Stability 3 Hydrogeological Characteristics 4 Rockfall, Landslide and Coastal Erosion 5 Coastal Storm Surge Erosion 1 Water and atmospheric environmental pollution 2 urban garbage pollution 3 environmental disasters caused by unreasonable project layout 1 seawater intrusion 2 soil erosion 3 siltation in bays, reservoirs and ports, such as earthquakes and fractures, can inevitably be called positive environmental problems; The second category is the environmental problems caused by human life and production activities, such as water pollution, urban garbage pollution, air and water pollution, which can be avoided and can be called negative environmental problems; The third category is environmental problems caused by human and natural actions, such as soil erosion and siltation in bays and ports. Although these problems are not easy to avoid, they can be prevented and can be called combined environmental problems. 3 Negative environmental problems 3. 1 Water environmental pollution The discharge of industrial wastewater into water bodies is the main cause of water pollution, and the application and loss of pesticides and fertilizers in coastal areas and seawater intrusion are the secondary reasons. Jiaozhou Bay is the most polluted water body. Dagu River, Chengyang River, Baisha River and Yanghe River carry a lot of pollutants into the bay. According to statistics, there are more than 550 pollution sources discharged into Jiaozhou Bay, and the total amount of wastewater is nearly 9.0×107 t/d. Almost all rivers in Qingdao are polluted to varying degrees, and some even pollute the water source. For example, in Laixi County Pass in the upper reaches of Dagu River, pollution has affected the water source of Dagu River, and some of them have become sewage rivers, such as Haibo River, Licun River, Banqiaofang River, Loushanhe River and Fushan River in the urban area. The most important one is Haibo River, which accounts for more than 50% of the city's sewage intake, followed by Licun River and Loushanhe River. According to the investigation and statistics, the pollutants discharged into Jiaozhou Bay are1988×1.2×105t. Many reservoirs have also been polluted to varying degrees. For example, the water quality of Diwan Reservoir has seriously exceeded the standard and can no longer be used as drinking water. Both Laoshan Reservoir and Tieshan Reservoir contain a certain amount of harmful bacteria, although the detection rate of harmful substances is different. The most serious groundwater pollution is in Qingdao. The heavily polluted areas are mainly distributed in the coastal zone between Haibo River and Loushanhou area, among which the most polluted areas are near the estuary of Shiqiao River and the lower reaches of Licun River and Haibo River. Other hardest hit areas are located in Sifang, Shibei and Licang districts. The above areas are the areas where the main factories and enterprises in Qingdao are concentrated. A large amount of industrial wastewater is mostly discharged into Jiaozhou Bay through natural rivers and artificial ditches. In the process of discharge, pollutants in industrial wastewater continuously seep into the ground and enter the groundwater, which makes it polluted. 3.2 Urban garbage pollution Urban garbage pollution is a serious problem faced by coastal cities and is developing. At present, there are basically four methods to treat municipal waste: landfill, composting, incineration and dumping into the sea. Different types of garbage have different treatment methods, but no matter which treatment method, it will cause pollution harm to groundwater. The change of solid waste can be roughly divided into three stages: first, a large number of gases and dissolved filtrate are released, and the dissolved filtrate is mainly composed of degradable substances such as organic acids and heavy metals. At this time, the pH value of the dissolved filtrate is low and acidic, and then it enters the second stage. With the increase of pH value, it is close to neutrality, and the release of gas and liquid decreases. The third stage is basically in a "stable" stage, which is no longer harmful to the environment. It takes different time to go through these three stages, some of which are as long as decades. The garbage dumped into the sea pollutes the aquatic environment more seriously and must be paid enough attention to. As for the garbage directly dumped into the bay, the impact on the environment is more serious. 3.3 Environmental Problems Caused by Unreasonable Urban Planning and Construction In China and even the whole world, environmental geologists often can't communicate well with urban planning experts, and their research results [6] can't be applied, which leads to some avoidable disasters due to improper land use. There are two most common types. The first one is built on a fault, and the foundation of a building in Huangdao District of Qingdao has been unevenly settled.
Hangzhou is located in the southern wing of the Yangtze River Delta, the western end of Hangzhou Bay, the lower reaches of Qiantang River and the southern end of the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal. It is an important central city in the Yangtze River Delta and a transportation hub in the southeast of China. The geographical coordinates of Hangzhou urban area are 3016' north latitude and12012' east longitude. The northwest and southwest of Hangzhou are in the hilly area of western Zhejiang; The northeast and southeast are located in the northern plain of Zhejiang Province, with dense river networks, which is a part of the famous land of fish and rice. Hills and mountains account for 65.6% of the total area, plains account for 26.4%, rivers, lakes, swings and reservoirs account for 8%.
Hangzhou has a subtropical monsoon climate with four distinct seasons, mild and humid, abundant sunshine and rainfall. Annual average temperature 16.2℃, summer average temperature 28.6℃, winter average temperature 3.8℃. The frost-free period is 230-260 days. The annual average rainfall is 1435mm, and the average relative humidity is 76%.
Hangzhou has a natural environment where rivers, lakes and mountains blend together. There are Qiantang River, Dongtiaoxi, Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal, Xiaoshao Canal and Shangtang River in the city. Qiantang River system includes Xin 'an River and Fuchun River. Xin 'anjiang Reservoir is the largest reservoir in the eastern coastal area of China, with an area of more than 570 square kilometers and a storage capacity178 billion cubic meters. There are 1078 islands in the reservoir area, so it is also called "Qiandao Lake". The West Lake in the center of Hangzhou is 3.3 kilometers long from north to south, 2.8 kilometers wide from east to west, and has a water surface area of 5.66 square kilometers. After the West Lake is connected with Qiantang River, about 300,000 cubic meters of Qiantang River water is introduced every day. The main mountain ranges in the southwest of the city are Tianmu Mountain, Baiji Mountain and Qianligang Mountain, and Longmen Mountain in the southeast. Liang Qingfeng at the junction of the west of Lin 'an City and Anhui Province is the highest, with an altitude of 1787 meters.
natural resource
The soils in Hangzhou are mainly red soil and paddy soil. Red soil is distributed in hilly areas, suitable for planting tea trees and fruit trees, among which the tea produced in Longjing area of West Lake has the best quality. Paddy soil is concentrated in the northeast plain.
Hangzhou is located in the middle subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest vegetation zone, with an average forest coverage rate of 62.8% and rich biological species and resources. Among them, there are 0/3 species of national first-class protected animals and 55 species of national second-class protected animals. There are 3 species of national first-class protected tree species and 8 species of national second-class protected tree species/kloc-0. Tianmu Mountain and Liangqingfeng Mountain in Lin 'an City are listed as national nature reserves.
Mineral resources include large nonmetallic minerals, such as fluorite, dolomite, limestone and bentonite, and medium-sized metal deposits, such as iron, molybdenum and copper. Lin 'an Changhua produces a rare bloodstone with delicate texture and bright color, which is a treasure for collecting stones and Zhang Shi.
On the southeast coast of China, south of the Yangtze River Delta and north of Zhejiang Province, there is a beautiful city-Hangzhou. It borders Hangzhou Bay and Qiantang River in the east, Shaoxing, Jinhua and Quzhou in the south, Anhui Province in the west and Huzhou and Jiaxing in the north.
Hangzhou is a world-famous historical and cultural city, one of the seven ancient capitals of China, and a world-famous scenic tourist city. Since ancient times, there has been a folk saying that "there is heaven above and Suzhou and Hangzhou below". Hangzhou is rich in tourism resources, including West Lake and Fuchunjiang-Xin 'anjiang-Qiandao Lake, Tianmu Mountain and Qingliangfeng, Qiandao Lake, Daqishan Mountain, Wuchaoshan Mountain and Fuchunjiang Qingshan Lake, and Zhijiang National Tourism Resort. Hangzhou, with its beautiful scenery and charming scenery, can indeed be called "paradise on earth, the pearl of the southeast".
Hangzhou has a variety of landforms, of which hills and mountains account for 66% of the total area, mostly distributed in the southwest, and the altitude is generally below 500 meters; The plain accounts for 26% of the total area, distributed in the eastern region, with an altitude of 3- 10 m; Rivers and lakes account for 8% of the total area, so there is a saying that "seven mountains, one water and two fields".
To sum up, Hangzhou is better.