Why does Leizhou Peninsula often thunder? Is it related to geography? What does it matter?
Leizhou Peninsula
One of the three peninsulas in China. Named after many thunderstorms. Located in the southwest of Guangdong Province, it is located at 2115 ′ ~ 2120 ′ north latitude and 0/0922 ′ ~1027 ′ east longitude. Between the South China Sea and the Beibu Gulf. Hainan Island borders Qiongzhou Strait to the south. It is about140km long from north to south, 60-70km wide from east to west, covering an area of more than 7,800 square kilometers.
Geological landform Leizhou Peninsula is a part of Cathaysian platform anticline and Leizhou platform uplift. Due to Himalayan movement, a huge tectonic basin-Lei Qiong Depression was formed. There are basalts in the middle of Quaternary Pleistocene sedimentary strata in the basin. When Leizhou Peninsula and Hainan Island rose to land, volcanoes continued to move and basalt covered Quaternary strata. At the end of the Middle Pleistocene and the beginning of the Upper Pleistocene, the Qiongzhou Strait was relatively fractured and subsided, separating Leizhou Peninsula from Hainan Island.
The peninsula has a single topography and gentle ups and downs, mainly terraces, supplemented by marine plains. The slope of the ground is generally only 3 ~ 5 degrees. The northern part of the peninsula is a gentle slope pond terrain, with an altitude of 25 ~ 50 meters, mostly in Zhanjiang coastal facies. However, Suixi, Chengyue and Huguangyan are basalt platforms with an altitude of 45-55 meters. There are seven volcanic rocks on the platform, such as Luogangling, Jiaoyiling and Huguangyan. Huguangyan is a shield volcano with a crater lake, with an altitude of about 60 meters, a length of 2 kilometers from east to west, a width of 1.8 kilometers from north to south, an area of about 3.6 square kilometers and a storage capacity of 70,000 cubic meters. The lake is 23 meters above sea level, with a water depth of more than 20 meters and a deepest point of 35 meters, which is already below sea level. The basalt platform in the southern part of the peninsula is relatively flat, with 10 volcanic rocks, generally 25-80 meters above sea level, and the highest is over 200 meters, such as Shimaoling, 259 meters high, and Shibanling, 245 meters high. There are marine erosion and terraces along the coast.
The peninsula is surrounded by the sea on three sides, and the coastline is about 1 180 km long, and the coastline of Liandao is 1450 km long. There are marine plains on the east coast, beaches on the outer edge, and islands such as East China Sea, South Three Rivers and Panzhou. East Island has seawalls connected with the mainland. The west coast is characterized by a high coast and many sand dikes and lakes. There are many harbors along the southern coast of the peninsula, including mangroves and coral beaches. Leizhou bay, Yingluo Bay, Liusha Bay and other beaches are vast.
Rivers and Climate The rivers in Leizhou Peninsula are short and radial, and flow into the sea from the middle to the east, south and west. There are Suixi, Cheng Yue and Nandujiang in the east, Liusha River in the south and Haikang River in the west. The annual average runoff coefficient is only 1 ~ 2%. Groundwater resources are abundant. When the borehole reaches the confined aquifer, it will spray water by itself, with good water quality and large quantity, but it is buried deeply.
This peninsula has a tropical monsoon climate. The annual average temperature is above 23℃, the Leng Yue average temperature is above 15℃, and the extreme minimum temperature is generally above 4℃, and there is no frost all year round. The low temperature around 0℃ is only available for several years. Annual precipitation 1300 ~ 1700 mm, decreasing from east to west. Precipitation is concentrated in summer and autumn, with heavy rain. The precipitation from 65438+February to March of the following year is less than 10% of the annual total, and the annual change rate is large. Generally 10 has six years of spring drought. The land breeze on the peninsula is obvious, and the dominant wind direction is easterly, with an annual average wind speed of 3.5 ~ 4m/s, and there are many typhoons and rainstorms in summer and autumn. The typhoon affecting the peninsula is about 5. 1 time a year.
Soil and soil of animal and plant peninsula are mainly latosol, and soil erosion is serious. The valley is alluvial soil and the seashore is saline soil.
The natural vegetation is tropical monsoon forest, dominated by tropical evergreen trees. But most of the natural forests have disappeared. Small secondary forests are only found on the edge of the village and the south platform. Woodlands are mostly artificial eucalyptus forests. There are mangroves and desert grasslands along the coast. Due to the exhaustion of forests, the famous Xuwenhu Lake is also rare.
The peninsula was developed and utilized earlier, and Haikang became China's foreign trade port in the Han Dynasty. But it gradually developed. After 1949, the peninsula has become the main sisal producing area in China, an important tropical crop base, one of the new sucrose production bases, and one of the key pearl breeding areas in Guangdong Province. Peninsula industries include sugarcane, salt drying, sisal processing, canning, textile, shipbuilding, chemistry, household appliances and so on. Zhanjiang, the main city, is located on the northeast edge of Leizhou Peninsula. It is a natural deep-water port in the south, which can berth 50,000-ton freighters and is also one of the coastal open cities in China.