What are the abilities of the wind?
Wind energy promotes the exchange of dry, cold and warm and moist air. Wind is a natural energy source. A long time ago, humans learned to make windmills and use wind power to blow them to pump water and process food. Today, people still use windmills. to generate electricity.
The movement of a sailboat is also driven by the wind. Wind plays many roles in daily life, but it also often brings disasters to humans. Storms, typhoons, and hurricanes can flood farmland, collapse houses, and cut off water and electricity. Tornadoes can cause cars, people, houses, etc. to disappear without a trace.
The wind does a lot of work in nature. Wind can mix and balance a wide range of heat and water vapor, and regulate the temperature and humidity of the air; it can send clouds and rain to distant places, completing the water cycle on the earth.
The northeast trade winds in the Atlantic Ocean near the equator stir up strong seawater flow. The wind drives a large amount of seawater to the coast of North America. After the seawater flows to the Gulf of Mexico, it begins to arc along the coast. It flows along the coast of North America, then passes through the narrow strait between Florida and Cuba, and then flows to the vast ocean. After it merges with the ocean currents in the Antilles, it forms the most powerful seawater current in the world - the "Gulf Stream". Warm currents bring warmth from the south to northwestern Europe. The east coast of Canada, which is at the same latitude, is as cold as -20°C in winter; but the temperature here is above 0°C, and the seawater along the coast is not frozen all year round. The Canadian archipelago is home to hardy tundra, while northwestern Europe is home to dense coniferous forests. Some people estimate that the heat this warm current brings to each meter of coast here every year is equivalent to the heat generated by burning 60,000 tons of coal. What a huge natural "heating equipment" this is!
Northwestern Europe has a mild climate, mainly caused by the Gulf Stream. The warm climate of Western Europe also relies heavily on southwesterly winds that blow from the ocean from time to time, which bring warm and moist air. In the North Pacific, the northeast trade winds blow the seawater to the west (North Equatorial Current). Due to the obstruction of the land on the west coast, it turns south and north. The northward one enters the East China Sea from the east of Taiwan Province of my country, then flows northeast, and then flows out of the East China Sea from the south of Kyushu, Japan. This current is warmer than the surrounding seawater and is blue-black in color. It is called the Kuroshio Current. There is a small branch of the Kuroshio Current that flows northwest along the Yellow Sea and points directly to the Bohai Strait. We call it the Yellow Sea Warm Current. It can pass through the Bohai Strait to the coast of Qinhuangdao, sending a lot of heat. This is an important reason why the sea water here does not freeze in winter. Another branch of the Kuroshio Current reaches the coast of Japan, which is enough to warm the sea water there. The water temperature in winter is about 10°C higher than that of the east coast of the Pacific Ocean at the same latitude.
The Indian Ocean monsoon dominates all agricultural production in peninsular India. In winter (mid-December to the end of May), dry northeasterly winds - the winter monsoon - blow here, resulting in dry, clear weather. From June onwards, the summer monsoon begins, with winds blowing from the ocean as humid south-westerly winds. Heavy rains occurred across India and agricultural harvests across the country were linked to this rain. If the "monsoon rains" in a certain year start later or end earlier than normal, years of famine and famine will be inevitable.
Most places in our country are affected by the monsoon. The warm and moist airflow blowing from the ocean in summer brings abundant rainfall, coupled with high temperatures and sufficient sunshine, allowing crops, animals and plants to grow well. The summer monsoon also penetrates deep into the interior of the continent. This prevents it from becoming a vast desert, and most areas are still good places for agriculture and animal husbandry. However, due to differences in the strength of the summer monsoon every year, floods and droughts always occur in some places.
Local winds also have a considerable impact on climate. Therefore, in mountainous areas of many countries, the "foehn winds" often encountered can cause the temperature of the air to suddenly rise and melt a large amount of snow in a short period of time.
Wind spreads water vapor to various places on the earth. Strong air currents bring moisture to dry areas. The huge work of the wind in transporting water vapor on the ground can be seen from the fact that the amount of rain falling on the ground will be no less than 15 million tons every second!
Plants cannot live without it throughout their lives. Open wind helps.
The soft breeze helps plants spread pollen, allowing some cross-pollinated plants to obtain the necessary pollen, allowing the plants to "start a family", form seeds, and bear fruits, leaving a legacy for the plants. generation. Plants like green pine, poplar, and purple sorghum all produce their offspring because the wind acts as a "matchmaker."
The wind can also blow the seeds of some plants to distant places, allowing them to grow and develop in a new environment and continue to prosper their "new family." The wind fulfills its responsibility to help plants reproduce their offspring, and also improves the growth and development environment of plants. It creates comfortable conditions for the growth of plants, drives away the cold air concentrated near the ground from the dense plants, and dissipates the humid and warm air, preventing the plants from "cold" and freezing, and does not make the plants feel hot and uncomfortable. .
With the breeze blowing, the air inside the plant groups is constantly renewed to improve the carbon dioxide concentration of the air around the plants and keep photosynthesis at a high level.
At the same time, the wind frequently shakes the branches and leaves, giving each branch and leaf a full opportunity to enjoy the sunlight, producing more sugar to nourish the body, strengthen the body, and make the plants grow longer. It's so green and lovely.
The breeze can also help some plants emit their attractive fragrance, attracting insects and animals to pollinate them and disperse their seeds.
The wind drives the windmill to rotate, making the sailboat accelerate...
Human beings cannot live without wind. If there is no wind, plants that rely on wind to spread pollen cannot spread and reproduce; the polluted atmosphere will not be diluted; sailboats will not be able to sail on the water; the air that humans rely on for survival will be like "a pool of stagnant water", filthy; many organisms will be difficult to Survive.
However, once the wind gets angry, it will be harmful rather than helpful.
When strong winds roar, mature crops will thresh, drop fruits, fall over, and break roots and stems. Strong winds can blow away fertile topsoil, exposing the roots of crops; they can also blow sand from other places and flood fertile fields. Not only that, it can blow people down, collapse houses, and sweep everything away! We can cite many examples of the destructive power of such strong winds.
For example, in 1860, there was a storm in France. The wind was so strong that two trains fell off the tracks. In 1703, hurricanes uprooted an estimated 250,000 trees in England and France, damaged 1,000 houses and churches, knocked 400 ships ashore, and injured thousands more people.
In January 1969, a dangerous "black storm" blew up in Krasnodar and Rostov, east of the Black Sea in the Soviet Union. When it comes, the sky is dark and the earth is dark, and the sand and rocks are flying. This black storm lasted for several days. More than 800,000 hectares of wheat seedlings were blown into the sky, and brown-black soil was rolled up by strong winds, forming a black fog wave hundreds of kilometers long.
According to Japanese estimates, in the two decades from 1945 to 1965, there were 48 major disasters caused by earthquakes, fires, droughts, floods, winds, etc., of which two were related to winds. More than ten times. In the United States, wind damage kills an average of 250 people each year, injures 2,500, and causes property damage worth approximately $500 million.
In some high mountains and desert areas, when strong winds blow hard against the rock formations in the mountains, even the hardest rock formations will gradually be blown away and eroded away.
The strong wind carries sand and gravel, so its destructive power is particularly fierce. These flying sand and stones collide with the wind, rubbing and destroying the rocks along the way. It will make the rocks smooth, or create hollows or deep pits like honeycombs. Opposite acupuncture points are often formed on the rocks. In the mountains near the desert, people can often see many strange and strange rocks: some look like giants, some look like bamboo shoots, and some look like mushrooms. These are also tricks played by the wind on the rocks.
There is a peculiar "ancient city" with a radius of dozens of kilometers in the Urho area northeast of Karamay in Xinjiang, my country. I saw towers towering here and streets crisscrossing the streets, but it was deserted. In fact, it is not the ruins of an ancient castle. It is a wind-eroded landform shaped by nature and a masterpiece of wind. Therefore, people call it the "Windy City". During the Early Cretaceous period about 100 million years ago, this was a huge freshwater lake. The climate was humid and the plants were luxuriant. There are pterosaurs flying in the blue sky, and Karamay dragons and Urho Stegosaurus live by the lake, creating a vibrant scene. As the earth's crust sank slowly over a long period of time, a set of sandy and muddy strata of varying particle sizes and density were deposited in lakes and swamps, consisting of sandstone, mudslate and sandy shale. Later, the earth's crust rose and the lake dried up, turning into an endless Gobi mesa. This was the predecessor of the "Wind City". The location of the platform is opposite Laohekou, one of the three famous wind outlets entering the Junggar Basin.
Here, it is often blown by directional winds above level 5 or 6, coupled with heavy rains unique to the continental climate; countless gullies are formed, accelerating the destruction process of the platform. Due to the different properties of the rocks that make up the platform, the ability to resist weathering and wind erosion is also different, resulting in differential erosion, making the platform fragmented, uneven, needle-shaped, cone-shaped, tower-shaped, mushroom-shaped, etc., with strange appearances.
Under the long-term action of the wind, any smaller entire mountain bee or mountain range can also be eroded by it. Where there used to be high mountains, now there are only bare hills; and these bare hills will be destroyed step by step in the future.
A large amount of sand and dust are produced when mountain rocks are destroyed by wind. Some sand grains are washed into rivers and seasides by water, while others are deposited on deserts and become floating, easily flying sand layers - dunes. Dust will rise to an altitude of 3,000-5,000 meters due to wind force, and then be blown thousands of kilometers away. In this way, dust remains in the air all day long, causing a hazy state in the sky. Sand layers in deserts often pose a threat to culture and human progress. There are many precedents recorded in history, where quicksand driven by wind buried towns and even large areas of fertile land.