Guizhou Province is located in the eastern part of Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau, with high terrain in the west and low terrain in the east. It slopes from the middle to the north, east and south, with an average elevation of about 1 100 meters. There are many mountains in Guizhou Plateau, which is known as "eight mountains, one water and one field". The landform of the whole province can be divided into three basic types: plateau mountains, hills and basins, of which mountains and hills account for 92.5%. The territory is mountainous, with overlapping peaks, stretching vertically and horizontally, high mountains and deep valleys. There is Dalou Mountain in the north, which is inclined from west to northeast in the north. The elevation of Loushan Pass, the key pass of Sichuan and Guizhou, is1444m. South-central Miao Ling spans, with the main peak Leigong Mountain 2178m above sea level. There is Wuling Mountain in the northeast, winding from Hunan to Guizhou, and the main peak, Fan Jingshan, is 2572 meters high. The towering Wumeng Mountain in the west belongs to Jiucaiping, Zhu Shi Township, Hezhang County, with an altitude of 2900.6 meters, which is the highest point in Guizhou. Shuikou River in Diping Township, Liping County, Qiandongnan Prefecture is at the provincial boundary, with an altitude of 147.8m, which is the lowest point in China. The karst landform in Guizhou is very typical. Karst (exposed) area 109084 square kilometers, accounting for 6 1.9% of the total land area of the province. Karst has a wide distribution range, complete morphological types and obvious regional differentiation, which constitutes a special karst ecosystem.
Guizhou has a warm and humid climate, which belongs to subtropical humid monsoon climate zone. The temperature doesn't change much, it is warm in winter and cool in summer, and the climate is pleasant. The average annual temperature in most parts of the province is about 65438 05℃. From the perspective of the whole province, the average temperature in Leng Yue (65438+ 10) is usually 3℃-6℃, which is higher than other areas in the same latitude. The average temperature in the hottest month (July) is generally 22℃-25℃, which is a typical cool area in summer. There is more precipitation, obvious rainy season, more cloudy days and less sunshine. The number of cloudy days in all parts of the country generally exceeds 150, and the annual relative humidity is above 70%. Affected by atmospheric circulation and topography, Guizhou has a diverse climate. "One mountain is divided into four seasons, and ten miles are different." In addition, the climate is unstable, there are many kinds of disastrous weather, and drought, autumn wind, freezing and hail occur frequently, which has a certain impact on agricultural production.