What are the fun attractions in Kanazawa Ancient Town?
Yihao Zen Temple
Yihao Zen Temple was built in the first year of Jingding in the Southern Song Dynasty (1260). It is said to be the former residence of Prime Minister Lu Yihao, hence its name. In the twenty-fifth year of Yuan Dynasty (1288
), the temple was upgraded to a temple and renamed "Yihao Zen Temple". There are 15 inscriptions written by famous people from various dynasties in the temple, including paintings by Daozi of Tang Dynasty and Wu Dynasty, "Diamond Sutra" written by Zhao Mengfu of Yuan Dynasty and his painting "Continuous Cloud" and other handwritings and stone carvings. The palace was large in scale and lofty in the sky. Afterwards, it experienced repeated wars and was repeatedly destroyed and rebuilt. It was rebuilt in the 32nd year of the reign of Emperor Guangxu of the Qing Dynasty (1906), but the scale was no longer what it was before. On the fourth day of the first lunar month in the twenty-seventh year of the Republic of China (1938), most of the temple was destroyed by Japanese artillery fire, with only the Tianwang Hall and Dashanmen remaining. It was demolished in 1958, and only one side of the stele "Records of Yihao Temple", the ancient ginkgo tree, 14 broken stones of the "Continuous Cloud" stone carving, 16 pillar bases of the temple and a few rockery stones are left. After the Yihao Zen Temple was restored in 1992, a stone monument was built, and layman Zhao Puchu, the president of the Buddhist Association, personally inscribed the temple's inscription "Yihao Zen Temple".
Tianhuang Pavilion Bridge
Tianhuang Pavilion Bridge is located on Xiatang Street, Kanze Town, far opposite Tajiang Bridge on Shangtang Street. Because there is Tianwang Temple on the north side of the bridge, the bridge is named after the temple.
It was first built in the Ming Dynasty (1698). During the Kangxi period of the Qing Dynasty, the Mi Sankong Multiple Arch Bridge was rebuilt as it was. In the middle of the bridge, there are stone carvings of Ruyi patterns, as well as reliefs of "Reincarnation", "Bao Banner" and "Connected Seats". There are various Buddhist patterns, including the auspicious patterns of the Eight Immortals on the inside of the arch circle stone, and the words "Namo Amitabha" engraved on the pillars of the bridge. This is a typical Buddhist culture that can be reflected on the entire ancient bridge.
The Tianhuang Pavilion Bridge is tall, second only to the Fangsheng Bridge in Zhujiajiao. It is a rare three-hole continuous-arch stone bridge in Jiangnan. There is a big hole in the middle, and the small holes on both sides are reduced according to the proportion of the bridge. It is beautiful and convenient for boating and flood relief. Tianhuang Pavilion Bridge was listed as the fourth batch of cultural relics protection units in Qingpu County in 1994.
Tahui Bridge
Tahui Bridge is located in the center of Tang Street, Kanazawa Town, across Beisheng Bang and across the river from Tianwang Pavilion Bridge. The bridge was built a long time ago and was rebuilt during the Jiajing period of the Ming Dynasty. It is a single-hole stone beam bridge. The original Yuantong Nunnery was beside the bridge. It was large in scale, with fireworks lingering all year round and endless pilgrims. It was the downtown center of the ancient town.
The origin of the name of this bridge can be traced back to a historical story. According to "Kanaze Xiaozhi": In the 32nd year of Qianlong's reign in the Qing Dynasty, that is, in the spring of 1767, the local government dredged the Shihe River to open a deep tower bridge. River, migrant workers found countless huge piles deep in the water. The wooden piles were old and arranged neatly. According to the test of famous craftsmen, they were the foundation of the ancient pagoda. According to the analysis of the old man in Kanazawa, these wooden piles were the location of the ancient pagoda. . This is where the name of the Tahui Bridge comes from.
According to "Kanazawa Chronicles": In ancient times, Kanazawa had: "One Pagoda, Six Views, Thirteen Squares, and Forty-two Rainbow Bridges." Elderly people in Kanazawa speculated that this "One Pagoda" was located in the tower. Between Huiqiao and Yuantong Nunnery. It is said that in ancient times, when building a pagoda, one had to choose a geomantic location. This pagoda bridge is in the center of the ancient town, a lively place where two rivers cross.
In the past, Kanazawa was a famous land of fish and rice in the south of the Yangtze River. Beisheng Bang at Tahui Bridge was a distribution center for fish and rice. Some large-scale businesses were located near Tahui Bridge. In ancient times, this was a lively center with three major buildings: bridge, nunnery and pagoda. With the changes of history, the nunnery and the pagoda have been destroyed, leaving only one bridge. After several constructions, this bridge has changed from the original stone hole bridge to a cement stone bridge.
Lin Lao Bridge
Lin Lao Bridge is located at the north end of Jinze Town. It is a single-hole stone arch bridge. The north of the bridge faces Guandi Temple, so it is also called Guandi Bridge. It was built in It was rebuilt in the Yuan Dynasty (1264-1294), Ming Dynasty and Qing Dynasty, so the bridge body is in good condition. The bridge is 24 meters long and 4 and a half meters high. Due to its age, the bluestone on the bridge deck is very smooth and looks simple and elegant.
The name of the bridge is Lin Lao Bridge. According to "Kanazawa Xiaozhi", this bridge was funded and built by an old man named Lin Qing. In order to commemorate this old man, the bridge is called Lin Lao Bridge. .
Lin Qing, a native of Jinze in the Yuan Dynasty, served as an official to the Xuanwei Envoy. He was studious and wise, humble and had a large collection of books in his family.
He was devoted to the construction of bridges and temples in Jinze. He made great contributions to the construction of the town, rebuilt the Yangye Temple, and rebuilt the Wan'an Bridge. He wrote lyrics and inscribed inscriptions himself.
This ancient Lin Lao Bridge has experienced more than 600 years. It has countless celebrities and countless touching historical stories. Only Lin Qing’s teacher ethics and Chen Lianfang’s medical ethics have always been the golden ones. It is praised by the people of Zexiang and is the spiritual wealth of the people of Kanze.
Lin Laoqiao lies across the ancient town and is full of energy. In 1994, it was listed as the fourth batch of cultural relics protection units in Qingpu County and is a witness to the history of the ancient town.
Ruyi Bridge
Ruyi Bridge was built in Dongsheng Port, Nan City, Jinze Town. It is the most complete single-hole stone arch bridge in the town. There was originally the Zushi Temple on the south side of the bridge, also known as the Zushi Bridge. The arches of the Ruyi Bridge reflect the clear water, and the bridge arches and the reflection connect the virtual and the real, forming a perfect circle. It can be called a major scenic spot in Kanze Town.
The Ruyi Bridge is 20.8 meters long and 3.4 meters wide, making it very stable. The stone of the whole bridge is made of granite of the same color, which is neatly cut. The bridge deck is carved with a coiled dragon and a wishful pattern on the right end. There are two couplets engraved on the pilasters of the bridge: one is said to be made by a local gentleman: "As the name suggests, the Temple of the Patriarch The Lord is good as a teacher, and the cause of the Ruyi Bridge leads to success. "This couplet is the first line to praise the ancestor, and it explains the philosophy of the Ruyi Bridge, which is easy for people to understand. Secondly, it is said that it was written by Liu Bowen, the military advisor of the Ming Dynasty: "To turn a dangerous situation into a smooth road and have a smooth journey, rely on Bo Shi to help everyone have a safe journey." The meaning of the second line is in line with Zhu Yuanzhang's thoughts, to use troops to unify the world, turn dangerous situations into smooth, from Victory leads to victory. Ruling a country and bringing peace to the world depends on caring for the people and ensuring peace and prosperity for the country and the people.
There is a Yongan Bridge in the town of Wujiang, Jiangsu Province, not far from Kanazawa. It is said that when the weather is clear, standing on the Ruyi Bridge you can see the third ring hole of the Yongan Bridge in the distance, vaguely reflecting each other. The locals call these two bridges " The Male and Female Bridge".
Ruyi Bridge was listed as the fourth batch of cultural relics protection objects in Qingpu County in 1994.
Fangsheng Bridge
The Fangsheng Bridge located at the southern end of Jinze Town was built in the Ming Dynasty and rebuilt in 1628 AD. Fangsheng Bridge is located about 50 meters north of Ruyi Bridge. Because there is Fangsheng River under the bridge, it is called Fangsheng Bridge. Because there is a General Guan Temple beside the bridge, it is also called General Guan Bridge.
This bridge is a single-hole stone arch bridge with a length of 25.2 meters and a height of 4 meters. It was rebuilt many times after the Ming and Qing Dynasties. The bridge stones are made of granite and bluestone, which are relatively solid in texture. The bridge pillars are clearly engraved with couplets, which were added during later construction. The couplet says: "The bridge connects Ruyi to Kangqu, and the water flows out of the bay and pool to lead to the beauty." It means that the bridge connects Ruyi Bridge and leads to Kangzhuang Avenue; the clear water under the bridge flows to the gurgling creek. This couplet not only expresses the spirit of Ruyi Bridge, but also expresses the beauty and gracefulness of the flowing water of Ruyi Bridge. The ancient couplets express the thoughts and feelings of loving the ancient bridge.
Now, the bridge is well protected and is still an important means of transportation in the water town. In 1994, it was listed as the fourth batch of cultural relics protection objects in Qingpu County.
Wan'an Bridge
Wan'an Bridge is located at the northern tip of Jinze Town, across the city river. It was built during the Jingding period of the Song Dynasty. It was rebuilt many times in the Ming and Qing dynasties, and steles were erected. stone. The bridge is a single-hole stone arch bridge, 29 meters long and 5.5 meters high. It turns out that there are pavilions on the bridge, so it is also called Pavilion Bridge. The structure, shape and stone use of this bridge are basically the same as the Puji Bridge in the south of the town. The two bridges span the same river and face each other from north to south, so they are called sister bridges.
Some "Kanazawa Xiaozhi" said: "There are forty-two rainbows in Kanazawa, headed by Wan'an." Judging from the time when the bridge was built and the buildings at both ends of the bridge,
It is indeed Kanazawa. Headed by the ancient bridge. The bridge was built several years earlier than the Puji Bridge. There are pavilions built on the bridge. The pavilions are surrounded by cornices and copper bells are hung on the corners. The bells ring when the wind blows, adding a beautiful appearance to the decoration of the bridge. On the east side of the bridge, there is the Buddha Pavilion, which is a temple. , the pavilion has overhanging eaves, and there are Buddha statues inside. On the west side of the bridge, there is the God of Wealth Pavilion, which is also a temple and houses the God of Wealth, Zhao Gongming. The structural arrangement of the entire stone bridge was called Qiao Tiao Temple in ancient times, that is, one bridge lifts up two temples. This is rare in ancient towns in the south of the Yangtze River.
"Jinze Zhi" records that in the construction of the pavilions on the Wan'an Bridge, nanmu was used, which was the remaining material from the construction of the Yi Temple. The materials used were exquisite and the carvings were exquisite, so it was valued by the past dynasties. On the east side of the bridge, there is an approach bridge, also known as a quay bridge, which is a cantilever bridge above the bridge and a pavilion under the pavilion. This is also a unique ancient bridge building.
The stone railings of Wan'an Bridge are very particular about cloud pattern carving. The carving technique is like the "continuous cloud" stone railing in front of the main hall of Yihao Temple. The cloud patterns are continuous, ever-changing, beautiful, and ingenious. The long history and construction craftsmanship of Wan'an Bridge have always been valued and cherished. There is an inscription that says: "Wan'an is very lucky, and every bridge across the river is very lucky."
Kanaze Wan'an Bridge was listed as a cultural relic protection unit in Qingpu County in 1959. It is a very precious ancient bridge in Kanazawa.
Yingxiang Bridge
Yingxiang Bridge is located at the southern tip of Jinze Town. The bridge was built between the Yuan Dynasty and the Yuan Dynasty (1335-1340). It was built twice during the Tianshun period of the Ming Dynasty (1457-1464) and the 33rd year of Qianlong reign of the Qing Dynasty (1768). The bridge is a six-column and five-hole beam-frame stone bridge. The span of the middle hole is 6.35 meters, the span of the two left and right holes is 5 meters, and the span between the two people is 4.3 meters. The total length is 34.25 meters and the width is 2.14 meters. Its structural form is quite unique: five evergreen stones are used side by side to form a stone wall bridge pillar with four pillars standing in the water, forming five bridge holes. On the top of the stone wall are horizontal stone cap beams, with semicircular grooves cut into the beam surfaces to securely rest five 25-centimeter-thick nanmu beams. The upper bridge deck structure is composed of bricks and wood, and square planks are laid across the nanmu beams. The planks are densely paved with green bricks made of lime and glutinous rice mixed with slurry to form a brick bridge deck. Both sides are covered with terrazzo bricks
bottom bricks, which can not only protect the wooden beams, but also increase the appearance, and can also play a role in weighting and stabilizing. There are steps on both slopes of the bridge deck. Because the Mongolians in the Yuan Dynasty were famous for their cavalry and often had to gallop across the bridge, the Yingxiang Bridge was paved with bricks and had no bridge steps or railings.
The Yingxiang Bridge has a gentle longitudinal slope, and the entire bridge is slightly arc-shaped. It looks like a rainbow lying across the river across the water, which is quite light. Therefore, "Welcoming the Auspicious Night Moon" is listed as one of the eight scenic spots in Kanazawa, which is famous for its "moon imprints the river, and the water and sky are the same color". At the same time, it is accompanied by an exquisite bridge deck shape, which is rare in the country. This is technically called a "continuous simply supported beam structure" in bridge construction. The Yuan Dynasty was able to apply this principle to build bridges, hundreds of years earlier than the West.
The People's Government of Jinze Town has made efforts to protect the ancient bridge and built a large cement highway bridge one hundred meters south of the bridge. In order to reduce the load on the historical bridge, a highway bridge is generally used to cross the bridge with heavy loads. On the southeast side of the ancient bridge, a separate garden is set up to build an ancient pavilion and plant trees and flowers. It is like a small garden for tourists to enjoy the scenery and rest. There is a couplet on the ancient pavilion: "The shadow of the rainbow surrounds the sky as if it were a painting, and the water and sky are the same color and sing a poem together." Praise the ancient bridge for its beautiful scenery and full of poetic and picturesque scenery. In 1979, Yingxiang Bridge was listed as a cultural relic protection unit in Qingpu County.
Puji Bridge
Jinze Puji Bridge was built in the third year of Xianchun in the Southern Song Dynasty (1267). Stone railings were added when it was rebuilt in the early Yongzheng years of the Qing Dynasty. It has a history of more than 700 years. , is
the best-preserved and oldest stone bridge in Shanghai.
The stone bridge is a single arch arc shape, 26.7 meters long, 2.75 meters wide, and 10.5 meters in span. The bridge body has a gentle slope and a narrow bridge deck, which has obvious characteristics of the stone arch bridge of the Song Dynasty. The bridge collar is engraved with the inscription of the third year of Xianchun, and the stone in the arch circle is engraved in the shape of a lotus flag, with inscriptions such as "the third year of Xianchun", which are now blurred.
The bridge construction design of Puji Bridge is very particular. Its arch ring construction is the same as that of the famous Zhaozhou Bridge in Hebei Province. Its stone materials are similar to those of Wangta Park in Songjiang County, Shanghai. The same as the Xian Bridge, the bridge stones are mostly purple stones (so it is commonly known as the Purple Stone Bridge). In the Song Dynasty, the stone bridges in the south of the Yangtze River were mostly made of purple stones. When the rain passes and the sky clears, the bridge deck is crystal clear, like a gem bridge inlaid with purple stones. This bridge has a long history and has been replaced many times in later generations. The bridge body is mixed with bluestone, granite and other stones. There are railings on both sides of the bridge, and there are approach bridges on both sides, which are now incomplete.
Jinze Puji Bridge is known as the "No. 1 Bridge in Shanghai" and was listed as the fourth batch of cultural relics protection units in Shanghai in 1987. It has been included in the "Shanghai Dictionary" and "Chinese Dictionary of Famous Places".
Puqing Bridge
This Puqing Bridge was created in 1999 in response to the needs of the American WBGH platemaking company to produce the "China Hongqiao" program for the NOVA column. It is modeled after the "China Hongqiao" painted by the Song Dynasty painter Zhang Zeduan. "Along the River During the Qingming Festival" Bianshuihong
The bridge is a single-hole wooden arch bridge.
The Puqing Bridge was built in full accordance with ancient bridge construction techniques, using the support-free construction method. 64 arch ring timbers and 5 cross beam timbers were used to form an arch ring, and they were all tied together. The entire bridge did not use a single nail. , reproduces the exquisite bridge-building craftsmanship of ancient China, with gorgeous beauty and rich beauty.
The bridge body is vermilion red, with five lion probes embedded on the left and right sides of the bridge body, just like the bridge deck weighing heavily on the lions. The lion's energy is guarding the Dantian, and it is angry and does not dare to relax to prevent the bridge wood from falling apart. The lion's shape has a lifelike expression and is honest and honest.