Introduction to the Sui Dynasty and overview of the history of the Sui Dynasty
Book of the Sui Dynasty: The Chronicle of Emperor Gaozu: Emperor Gaozu was born in Feng Yi Prajna Temple on the night of Guichou in June of the seventh year of Datong. Purple air filled the courtyard and filled the room with divine light. A nun came from the east of Hedong and said to the emperor's concubine: "This child has always been very different and cannot be treated in the ordinary world." Ni left his great ancestor in a villa and raised him by himself. He is a man with a dragon's chin, five pillars on his forehead, his eyes are shining outward, and there is a text in his hand saying "King".
Zhou Taizu sighed when he saw it and said: This son's character is not like that of previous generations. When Emperor Ming came to the throne, he was granted the title of Uncle You Xiaogongbo and was granted the title of Duke of Daxing County. The emperor tried to send Zhao Zhao, a good minister, to look at him, but Zhaogui said: "I am just a pillar of the country." Then Yin said to Gaozu: "You should be the king of the world, and you will definitely kill him and then you will be determined." Good at remembering insults. Emperor Wu ascended the throne and moved to the left Xiaogongbo. He was appointed as the governor of Suizhou and became the general. After returning from the expedition, he encountered the emperor's concubine who had been ill for three years. She never left her side day and night, and was called Chunxiao. When Yu Wenhu was in power, he was particularly jealous of Gaozu, and he repeatedly harmed his generals. The generals Hou Fu and Hou Shou were able to protect him. Later, he became the Duke of Sui Dynasty. Emperor Wu appointed the eldest daughter of the great ancestor as the crown princess, which was even more polite. King Xian of Qi said to the emperor: Pu Liurujian's appearance is very special, and every time I see it, I feel disappointed. I'm afraid it's not a human being, so please get rid of it as soon as possible. The emperor said: This stop can be used as a general's ear. Wang Gui, the internal historian, suddenly said to the emperor: The crown prince is not the master of the country, and Pu Liuru's strong appearance is reversed. The emperor was displeased and said: "Destiny must exist, what will happen?" The emperor was very afraid and hid himself deeply.
In Jiandezhong, he led 30,000 naval troops and defeated the Qi Division at Heqiao. Next year, the emperor will be equal to Qi and ascend to the throne of Zhuguo. Together with Yu Wenxian, he defeated the Qi Dynasty and appointed Gao_, the king of the city, in Jizhou, except for the general manager of Dingzhou. First of all, the west gate of Dingzhou City has been closed for a long time. When Qi Wenxuan was emperor, he might ask for it to be opened to facilitate travel. The emperor did not allow it and said: "A saint should come and enlighten me." When Emperor Gaozu arrived, everyone was surprised. Looking for the general manager of Bozhou. After Emperor Xuan ascended the throne, his father went to worship Shangzhu Guo and Da Sima. At the beginning of Xiang Dynasty, he was moved to the post of the Great Hou Cheng and You Si Wu, and he was transferred to the Great Qianyi. Every time I visit, I will stay at home. The Emperor of the time established the Holy Scriptures of Punishment, and his laws were profound. The Emperor Gaozu used laws and regulations to nourish the country, which was not the way to promote change. He cut off his advice and refused to accept it. Emperor Gaozu was very worried about the prosperity of his throne. The emperor has four concubines, who are also queens. Various families compete for favors and destroy each other. Every time the emperor became angry, he said to the queen: "Your family must be destroyed!" He summoned Gaozu and ordered his surroundings to say: "If the color moves, kill him immediately." When Emperor Gaozu arrived, he looked calm and calm.
Zizhi Tongjian records:
The empress Chen sent the disbanded cavalry to serve Zhou Feng, and the Tongzhi disbanded cavalry to serve Yuan Yan in the Sui Dynasty. The latter heard that Emperor Gao Zuwen of the Sui Dynasty had a strange appearance, so he asked Yan to paint a portrait and return. When the emperor saw him, he lost his composure and fell to the ground in fright. He was horrified and said: I don't want to see this person! He must be killed urgently.
In the 50th Sui Dynasty Book, Pang Huang reported:
At that time, Gaozu was serving as the governor of Suizhou. He passed through Xiangyang, and King Wei ordered [Pang] to visit Gaozu. Huang knew that Gaozu was a very human being, and he was deeply grateful to him. When Gao Zu resigned from his official post and returned to the capital, he met Gao Zu in Xiangyi. Emperor Gaozu was very happy. Huang Yinbai said to Emperor Gaozu: "My appearance is extraordinary, and my name is in the picture." On the occasion of the Ninth Five-Year Plan, I hope I will never forget it. Gaozu laughed and said: What nonsense!
Sui Scroll Seventy-eight Clouds: History Encyclopedia
When Wei Ding hired Zhou Ye, he met Gaozu. Ding said to Gaozu: "Guan His appearance is very human, and the prison of the gods is far-reaching, so he cannot be caught by the wise men. Soon you will be rich and noble, and if you are noble, then the whole world will be one family. Every year, every day, I will give you a pledge. I can't express my love for you, but I wish to love myself deeply.
Taoist Zhang Bin, Jiao Zishun, and Yanmen native Dong Zihua, these three people, when Emperor Longqian was at the time, privately addressed Emperor Emperor and said: "You should be the Son of Heaven and be good at self-love." When Jian Que was appointed, Bin was appointed as the governor of Huazhou, Zishun was appointed as the governor of Huazhou, and Zihua was appointed as the chief minister.
The rule of Kaihuang
On Jiazi Day in February 581 AD, Emperor Zhou Jing issued an edict to abdicate Yang Jian in the hope that Yang Jian would return. Yang Jian gave in three times and accepted the destiny. He entered the palace in regular clothes from the Prime Minister's Mansion and prepared a ceremony for the emperor to sit in Linguang Hall. He named the country Sui Dynasty, changed the Yuan Dynasty to Kaihuang, and announced a general amnesty for the world. On the day Yang Jian ascended the throne, an auspicious celestial phenomenon that occurred once in eight hundred years - Qingyun - appeared in Chang'an City, as if the heavens were also celebrating the establishment of the Sui Dynasty. Among all Chinese dynasties, he was recognized as the most intelligent emperor and the most benevolent Holy Emperor. In 589 AD, the Sui Dynasty destroyed Chen in the south and unified the whole country. In the same year, the Ryukyu Islands surrendered to the Sui Dynasty. The Turkic Khan respected Yang Jian as the Holy Khan of Heaven, expressing his willingness to submit to the vassal forever and serve as a holy pilgrim for thousands of generations. Emperor Wen of the Sui Dynasty ended China's long-term chaos and conquered barbarians of all ethnic groups, bringing China back to a peaceful age.
Li Delin's Theory of Destiny of the Sui Dynasty said that Emperor Wen of the Sui Dynasty had a strange appearance. On his face were the sun, moon, rivers and seas, with red dragons leading from them, huge horns in the sky, double upper bones, bent back to embrace his eyes, and his mouth was like four characters, with a voice. If there is a drum in the hand with Wang Wen in it, it will receive nine tins. Haotian is destined, so he is here. He looks elegant and looks like a god, his spirit is spirited, encompassing the universe, his authority is respectable, his kindness is approachable, he was appointed as a public minister early, and his reputation is self-respecting
Li Yanshou of the early Tang Dynasty praised him in the Northern History Emperor Wen of the Sui Dynasty had a beautiful beard and beard, seven feet and eight inches in length, magnificent appearance, unparalleled martial arts, profound knowledge, and a good general's strategy. After the establishment of the Sui Dynasty, a series of reforms were carried out in the political, economic and other institutional aspects, which is known as the Kaihuang rule in history. The central government implemented a three-province and six-ministry system, changing the local three-level system of states, counties, and counties into a two-level system of states and counties. Local officials were appointed and dismissed by the central government, thereby consolidating centralization of power. The prosperity of Emperor Kaihuang of the Sui Dynasty was magnificent. Emperor Wen of the Sui Dynasty ordered the construction of Daxing City in Xijing and Luoyang City in Tokyo. The construction of Daxing City was not only a symbol of the superb level of urban construction planning in ancient China, but also a comprehensive reflection of the country's economic strength and technological level at that time. . Daxing City was the largest city in the world at that time. Its design and layout ideas had a profound impact on the urban construction of later generations and the urban construction of Japan and Korea. In 584 AD, Emperor Wen of the Sui Dynasty ordered Yu Wenkai to lead a group of people to open a canal. The Wei River is diverted from the northwest of Daxing City, slightly following the old route of the Han Dynasty Cao Canal to the east, and entering the Yellow River at Tongguan. It is more than 150 kilometers long and is named Guangtong Canal. This is the beginning of the construction of the Grand Canal. The Grand Canal is far more important to China than the Great Wall is to China. The Grand Canal connects the Yellow River Basin and the Yangtze River Basin, connecting two civilizations. The Yellow River Basin and the Yangtze River Basin gradually become one. The great virtue of Hong En is unparalleled in ancient times. The seven virtues have been applied, and the nine songs have been harmonized. It is necessary to have sex, and there is no police in waiting. Therefore, we practice frugality, reduce the corvee and taxes, keep the warehouses stable, and implement laws and regulations. The gentlemen enjoy their lives, the villains each settle down in their own business, the strong do not bully the weak, the masses do not bully the few, the people are prosperous, and the government and the public are happy. For twenty years, nothing happened in the world, except for Yan Ru in the district. Examining the past kings is enough to trace Sheng Lie. This is the rule of Kaihuang in the Sui Dynasty. The founder of Neo-Confucianism, Cheng and Zhu, excitedly commented on this great emperor: The earth is supported by the Chenji, the sky controls the gods and powers, fortune is controlled by the map, entrepreneurship is unified, and holy virtues are established; chaos is restored, the country is harmonized and the people are harmonized, Liuheba_, with the same text** * Rail, a magical skill; Xuanjiu pottery, clouds and lonely bamboos, worshiping God, respecting the extreme and matching the sky, great filial piety; Yan Bo Ji Ge, righteous etiquette and music, keeping the people's longevity, driving away vulgarity and blessing forests, supreme government also. Wei Zheng, a later generation, praised: At the beginning of the emperor's birth, the house was filled with divine light, showing the appearance of a king and the power of a great sage. Whether it is air or clouds, the shadow is reflected in the corridor temple; like the sky or the sun, it shines on the Xuanmian. If you are clear on the inside and smooth on the outside, you will be safe and secure. Isn't it true that ten thousand blessings will support you, and you will gather hundreds of fortunes? It can be seen that the wealth left by the Sui Dynasty to our descendants has had a profound impact on later generations of China. Such as the three provinces and six ministries system, the Kaihuang Law, the two-level system of prefectures and counties, the land equalization system, the Grand Canal, the imperial examination system, the establishment of Chang'an City, Luoyang City, and Yicang