What are the characteristics of caves in northern Shaanxi?

1 is such a vault cave excavated according to the mountain. Because loess itself has the property of standing upright, the bearing capacity of vault is better than that of flat roof, and vault is generally used in caves to ensure its stability.

2. In view of the characteristics of thick soil layer and low groundwater level in the Loess Plateau of northern Shaanxi, cave-digging as a folk house has the advantages of being warm in winter and cool in summer.

3. Cave dwellings can be divided into pit type, cliff type and adobe type. In addition, there are brick cave houses. This pit building is a perfect civilized building that does not destroy nature.

4. The combination of underground caves still maintains the pattern of traditional quadrangles in the north, with kitchens, warehouses for storing grain, drinking wells and seepage wells, and sheds for raising livestock, forming a comfortable underground courtyard.

5. There are ingenious treatment methods in the utilization of lots, the division of courtyards, the traffic relationship between upper and lower floors, lighting, ventilation and drainage.

Extended data:

Endangered protection of caves in northern Shaanxi;

With the strong support of Yan 'an Municipal Party Committee, Municipal Government, Baota District Committee and District Government and the active efforts of folk cultural figures, great achievements have been made in the collection, arrangement and research of caves in northern Shaanxi, but some problems still need to be paid attention to.

1, historical development and social progress. With the further development of the west, modern high-rise buildings keep pace with the times, a large number of earth caves are abandoned, and interface kilns begin to "retire". Stone kilns and brick kilns flourished.

Because of its long history, it has been seriously eroded by wind and rain. Therefore, some historical cave sites have also been damaged to varying degrees.

3. Yan 'an has built the world's largest cave building complex-Yan 'an Cave Hotel. ? [1] will play a great role in the inheritance and protection of caves in northern Shaanxi.

4. The cave buildings of Yan 'an University were built in 1970s, and were seriously eroded by wind and rain. It is being rebuilt now. The reconstructed cave group maintains its original characteristics, and consists of more than 200 caves in six rows, which will become a patriotic education center.

5. The surrounding environment is rich in contrast. Du Fu Earth Kiln in Qiang Village, Fuxian County, Zhidan Red Sandstone Kiln, Liuba 'an along the vault of the Great Wall Beam, Yan 'an University, Mizhi Middle School, cave dwelling in the former site of Yulin Agricultural School, brick-topped Fugu Qixing Temple ethnic fusion dome, Wantong version of building technology, etc. All these have paved the way and set off the tourism development of Mizhidong.

6. Humanistic tourism resources are rich in connotation. Residential building is a century-old plan. There have always been many customs that emphasize harmony. Including site selection, orientation, auspicious day for foundation laying, size of doors and windows, interior decoration, kiln closure in Longkou and kiln warming, all pay attention to "Feng Shui".

Reference link: Baidu Encyclopedia-Cave in Northern Shaanxi