Heihe’s geography

Heihe is close to the Siberian steppe, the origin of cold air, and there are the Lesser Khingan Mountains running from north to south, giving the city a cold temperate continental monsoon climate, spanning the three, four, five and six accumulated temperature zones. bring. The spring temperature is unstable, dry and windy, the summer is warm and rainy, the autumn is cool and comfortable, the winter is cold, long and dry, the winter is long and the summer is short, and the four seasons are distinct. The city's average annual rainfall is 500-550 mm, the effective accumulated temperature is 1950-2300°C, the sunshine hours are 2560-2700 hours, the frost-free period is 90-120 days, the average annual temperature is -1.3-0.4°C, and the daily maximum temperature is 38.2°C. , the lowest temperature is minus 40°C, and the average wind speed is 2-3.5 meters/second.

Coldness is one of the main characteristics of the climate in Heihe. The average annual temperature in Heihe is minus 1.3 to minus 0.4°C. January is the coldest month, with average temperatures ranging from minus 25.4 to minus 23.8°C. July is the hottest month, with an average temperature of 19.4-21.3℃. The annual temperature range is 44.2-46.7℃, which is rare in other parts of the country. From mid-October to mid-April of the following year, the daily average temperature in the region is less than or equal to 0°C for 183-195 days; from late November to the end of February of the following year, the daily average temperature is less than or equal to -20°C. The severe cold period lasts from 88 to 103 days. The average number of days in a year when the minimum temperature is less than or equal to -30°C is 25-54, and can occur from late November to March of the following year. Extreme minimum temperatures in various places exceed -40°C, which can occur in most years. In the winter of 1965, the minimum temperature was less than or equal to -30℃ for 91 days, and the weather was less than or equal to -40℃ for 20 days. In January 1980, an extreme minimum temperature record of -48.1℃ was also observed.

Heihe area has a pleasant climate in summer, with it being hot at noon and cool in the morning and evening. From late May to late August, the daily average temperature is greater than or equal to 20°C, lasting more than 80 days. The number of days with the maximum temperature greater than or equal to 30℃ occurs on average 7-12 days per year. Dedu County had a record maximum temperature of 38.2°C in July 1968. From mid-May to mid-September, the number of days when the daily average temperature in Heihe is stable above 10℃, Sunwu County has the least number of days, which is 116 days, and other counties (cities) have 123-128 days; the accumulated temperature greater than or equal to 10℃ is 19.44℃ Between ~23.06℃, Sunwu County has the lowest temperature. The temperature in the hinterland of Xiaoxing'an Mountains is the lowest and the accumulated temperature is the smallest. Extending to both sides of the mountain range, the temperature gradually increases and the accumulated temperature gradually increases. Water resources are sufficient, and there are 621 large and small rivers in the Heilongjiang and Nenjiang river systems. The city's per capita possession is 3.5 times that of the country and 2.6 times that of Heilongjiang Province.

The rivers are all mountainous rivers with large height differences. There are many dam sites suitable for building hydropower stations. The Heihe River section of the main stream of Heilongjiang has a water energy reserve of 15 million kilowatts. The installed capacity of inland rivers is 670,000 kilowatts, accounting for 52% of the province. The 10 hydropower stations that have been built have a total installed capacity of 194,000 kilowatts. There are 93 kinds of mineral deposits, more than 410 mineral sites, and 221 proven reserves of 56 kinds. Among them, 15 kinds of mineral reserves, including gold, copper, agate stone, limestone, and mineral water, rank first in the province. Duobaoshan Copper Mine is the second largest copper mine in the country, and Wudalianchi Mineral Water is one of the three largest cold springs in the world, along with France's Vichy Mineral Spring, Georgian Mineral Spring, and Caucasus Mineral Spring.

Heihe City is very rich in mineral resources, and the Daxinganling, Heihe and Yichun iron and polymetallic industrial belts pass through the territory. Black, non-ferrous, precious, rare and other metal minerals and energy, chemical raw materials, metallurgical auxiliary materials, scattered elements and other non-metallic minerals have been discovered in the city. There are 95 types. The reserves of 37 types have been identified, accounting for 10% of the total. 72.5% and 48% of the province and 53.9% and 24.2% of the country; more than 600 mineral deposits have been discovered, including 73 proven reserves. The potential economic value of the main mineral resources is about 1 trillion yuan or more. There are currently 16 proven resource reserves of copper, molybdenum, tungsten, zeolite, etc., all ranking first in the province. Among them, Duobaoshan Copper Mine is the largest copper mine in Northeast China, and Cuihongshan Iron and Polymetallic Mine is the second largest iron mine in the province. Proven coal resource reserves are 960 million tons. In addition, the reserves of special mineral resources such as platinum group metals, pyrite, and perlite are also relatively high, which are rare in other cities in the province. Heihe City has a forest area of ​​2.813 million hectares and a timber storage volume of 158 million cubic meters. It is one of the three major forest areas in Heilongjiang Province.

There are 467 species of wild animals such as red deer and moose in the jurisdiction, and more than 1,000 species of wild plants. The first and second-level rare animals under national key protection are all distributed. It is an important wild animal and plant resource nursery in China. gene pool. More than 350 kinds of Chinese herbal medicines have been discovered in the territory. Precious Chinese medicinal materials such as ginseng, velvet antler, and wood frog oil, as well as authentic medicinal materials such as Acanthopanax senticosus, plain shellfish, astragalus, Schisandra chinensis, red peony root, and atractylodes have a large production volume. The annual reserves of wild medicinal materials are About 17 million kilograms. After years of planting exploration, we have mastered mature cultivation techniques and have successfully planted 13 varieties, including ginseng, Schisandra chinensis, milk thistle, isatis root, astragalus, licorice, acanthopanax, sapsip, and flat clam, covering an area of ​​nearly 100,000 acres. There are 87 species of fish from 18 families growing in rivers and lakes, among which the Heilongjiang specialty fish species such as the Great Mahaha and the "Three Flowers and Five Luos" are particularly valuable.