The only existing picture of the city gate in Nanchang
Guangrun Gate is the main entrance of the city gate. Guangrun Gate, Huimin Gate and Zhangjiang Gate are close to water, and there are many docks along the coast, where merchants gather and people flow. During the Chengping period, powerful people in the city seized space and built shops in Sanmen. Huimin Gate, because it is close to Fuhe River, there is no new city to dig. Powerful people see great business opportunities. They occupied the root of the city wall and built shops. The huts built in the Moon City and near the city walls are extremely unfavorable to the defense of the city and are a major safety hazard. In the seventh year of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty, in order to prevent the enemy from attacking Nanchang, Governor Liu Jiesi ordered Wang Sanxi, the magistrate, to demolish all these "illegal buildings" and carve Chinese characters on the board, saying that renting in these places was forbidden forever. However, in the face of interests, the ban is like a dummy. In the thirty-sixth year of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty, Governor Wei ordered Lu Tingxuan to inspect these "illegal buildings" and demolish the houses near the city wall. In the seventh year of Qing Qianlong, Governor Chen Hongmou and Minister Peng Jiaping made another inventory. In May (1853), Emperor Wenzong of the Qing Dynasty attacked Nanchang, and Zhang Fei, the governor of Jiangxi Province, and Jiang Zhongyuan, the provincial judge of Hubei Province, as defensive measures, burned houses and shops outside the city. 1927, Nanchang defenders entered the city to defend the Northern Expeditionary Army and set fire to buildings near the city wall.
There are many temples and Taoist temples inside and outside Nanchang, such as Fukenji in Huimin Gate (later changed to Fukenji Primary School), Wanshou Palace in Guangrun Gate, and the God of Wealth Temple outside Guangrun Gate (later changed to Guangrun Primary School), all of which are full of incense. On certain days, pilgrims come and go at the city gate in an endless stream.
Deshengmen is in the north of Nanchang. Because of geographical reasons, if you invade Nanchang, you must attack from this gate. In addition to the urn, there is also a wall of oxen and horses (a fortification that began in the Ming Dynasty, located outside the city and inside the city, with large and small shovel eyes. When the enemy comes, he will hit it with a shovel or cannon. In case of emergency, people who dare not open the city gate, such as cattle and horses, can take refuge on the city wall temporarily. In the second year of Xianfeng (185 1), Zhang Fu was appointed as the governor of Jiangxi, which coincided with the Taiping Rebellion. In order to nip in the bud, he heightened and strengthened the city wall and built a wall of cattle and horses at this gate.
Yonghe Gate is located in the northeast of Nanchang. There is a sacrificial altar outside the door to worship ghosts and gods who are not worshipped. It is sparsely populated and is the most hidden gate in Nanchang.
East of the city is Hue Gate. Outside the door is a large swamp with ponds of different sizes embedded in it. In order to train the ranks, the Qing government leveled and compacted the swamp and built a large school-run factory, from which most of the ranks entered and exited the city. In addition to the ranks, most farmers outside the east of the city pass through Jinpan Road.
Vendors gather in Guangrun and Huimin, and ordinary people gather in Jinxianmen in the south of the city. Usually inheriting sages, it is very lively. Although there is no noise from vendors, farmers who transport fertilizer and deliver vegetables come in and out every day, and there is an endless stream. If anything goes wrong, the sons and grandsons in Dai Xiao are dressed in linen, throwing paper money and setting off firecrackers, leaving this door and returning around it, which is very lively.
At the beginning of the 20th century, William Edgar Gale, a famous American traveler, made an extensive and detailed investigation of eighteen provincial capitals in China. 19 1 1 year, published by 18 provincial capital cities in China. The book describes the gate of Nanchang like this:
South-facing door
Nanchang lies to the east of a big river. A thousand years ago, Mr. Feng Shui calculated its position and shape, and thought that Nanchang was located in a water town. Therefore, it was necessary to build a tower in the north and a tower in the south to curb the drifting city, and all the gates should face south to attract southern Hunan. So the only north gate is hidden in the corner, and the urn facing west is covered; The urn side opens the east gate and the west gate, becoming a south-facing gate; The real south gate is certainly not a problem. In this way, auspicious signs from the south can keep pouring into Nanchang city.
Nanchang is rich in water resources, and there are three lakes in the city center. There are soldiers and brave guards on the city wall, and everyone who goes in and out of the city gate must go through careful inspection. ……
According to the map of Nanchang county government, it is true that all jars facing south face south.
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The following photo was taken by British photographer Warren Swall at 1906 (thirty-two years of Guangxu) in Nanchang, Jiangxi. Enlarge the picture, you can vaguely see Zhangjiang Gate.
The picture below shows the Zhangjiang Gate Tower, which is transferred from Looking at Nanchang from Old Photos.
The picture below shows Deshengmen bombed during the Northern Expedition in Nanchang.