compression technique

Compressed segments summarize information by screening, refining and integrating the information of a sentence group or several natural segments. 20 19 there are three exam forms for the example of Guangdong new exam outline: defining the concept in the paragraph, writing news headlines and briefly explaining the reasons, summarizing the contents of the paragraph in one sentence and publicizing couplets.

[technical note]

(1) Definition The so-called definition is to reveal the connotation of the concept with short and clear sentences, that is, to reveal the characteristics or essence of the object reflected by the concept. It is expressed by the formula: the concept of definition = species difference+adjacent genus concept ("species difference" refers to the unique attribute of a species concept under the same genus concept (that is, the essential difference from other genus concepts), and "adjacent genus concept" refers to the smallest genus concept that contains the defined person. Most of them are in the form of judgments. ?

In modern Chinese, the general expression of definition is:

..... Yes. ...

..... i.e. ...

..... called ...

After ... I mean ...

Answer steps:

Step 1: Identify small concepts and big concepts.

Step 2: Filter essential features and delete useless information.

Step 3: According to the format, connect important information into sentences and adjust the number of words.

3. Eliminate "six kinds of information"

Repetitive information

Comparative information

Cause and background information

Descriptive information

Impact and functional information

Example information

(2) 1. News headlines aim to reveal the theme of news or important news facts. Generally speaking, titles often don't take time. As long as there are two essential elements, people and things, there is generally no pause in the sentence and no punctuation at the end of the text.

? Summarize the writing methods of news headlines;

1. Lock information range: generally a clue; 2. Refine key information: compelling, repetitive (thematic) and key reporting information; 3. Incorporate one sentence: object+event? Format: "Who (Person)+What"? Or "what (thing, thing)+how"

Total? Conclusion News headline 5 requires (1) words to be consistent. The fact should be completely consistent with the content. 2 a broken word. Grasp the most important, characteristic and essential facts in the news. (3) concise and lively. Exercise vocabulary and use abbreviations appropriately. (4) Clear-cut. Distinguish between right and wrong, love and hate. (5) lively. Vivid images, pay attention to words and sentences, and adopt appropriate rhetorical devices.

2. Write a news.

1. What is one-sentence news?

? One-sentence news is the news that is expressed in one sentence and in the language of news headlines, and completes the reporting task to the maximum extent. It's also called headline news, but it's different from news headlines.

How to write a news?

1, element extraction news is a narrative style. Using the element extraction method is to extract all the elements described in the news (of course, some news may not have every element), and then form a one-sentence news in the order of "when and where did what" (or adjust the word order appropriately). ?

As we know, news works should have the following five elements, namely, "five W's": when, Where, Who, What and Why. ? Accordingly, "one-sentence news" must include the following key points: ① time, ② place, ③ people (objects), ④ events (process and results), and ⑤ reasons (purposes).

It can be summarized as: who did what when and where, and how. Of course, in practice, it may not be comprehensive, but it may depend on the specific situation. (Hint: The general characteristics of news format determine that the information interval of the answer is mainly a lead section, so we should focus on the lead section. )

2. How to remove branches and dry them? Some news provides more information. To draw up a news, we must first identify and screen the information provided, remove those branches and leaves, and extract the main information that the news wants to tell readers.

3. Summary of key points? Some news information is composed of multiple points, and each point is divided into two parts, so it is necessary to summarize multiple points before answering.

To sum up, news segment compression must pay attention to the following points:

1. Sentences generally adopt subject-predicate sentences. 2. The subject (statement object) must exist and be accurate. 3. Be sure to summarize the most important information (events and behaviors). 4. Load as much information as possible when the number of words allows. 5. Don't exceed the number of words, including punctuation. Summary: First of all, a one-sentence news must be as complete as possible. According to the actual situation of a given news, the methods of factor extraction, pruning and drying, and summary of main points are comprehensively used to form simple and clear long sentences.

(3) Topics such as summary paragraphs and combination couplets are often only one paragraph in language materials. The best way is to divide the levels first, then summarize the main contents of each level, and finally link the contents of each level. It is suggested to use complex sentences to express it. To combine couplets, we must first follow the common sense of couplets to ensure that the upper and lower couplets have the same number of words and the same part of speech, and the last word will be flat; Secondly, the collocation of words should be determined according to the content of the paragraph.

The final forecast is 1. Extract the main points of the following materials and integrate them into one sentence, defining the new poor, no more than 70 words.

(1) The new poor is a new group that has emerged in cities in recent years, and is also nicknamed "the high-paid poor". The so-called "poverty" means that they earn more and spend more. When you have money, you spend money like water, and when you have no money, you are penniless. ③ They have the strongest consumption enthusiasm, the most avant-garde consumption concept and the coolest consumption mode. Most of these people are between 26 and 35 years old, and most of them live in office buildings. They lead the new trend in the market. ?

Reference answer 1. The new cool group is a new urban group composed of young people working in office buildings. They have the strongest consumption enthusiasm, the most avant-garde consumption concept and the coolest consumption mode, earn more and spend more, leading the new market trend.

2. According to the materials provided, define debris flow with no more than 45 words.

In some ravines, mountain collapses and landslides often occur due to the continuous erosion and excavation of hillsides and gully beds by surface runoff. A large number of solid substances such as sediment and stones are carried and stirred by the current to become viscous mud, which is quickly washed down under the action of gravity and inertia. This is what people often say. ? Refer to answer 2. Debris flow is the rapid flow of a large number of solid substances such as sediment and stones on the hillside, which is carried by surface runoff and runs down the hillside or valley. ("torrent" can also be replaced by "torrent", "landform phenomenon" or "natural phenomenon")

Write a title for the following news and briefly explain the reasons. On the day of International Women's Day, the French left-wing newspaper Liberation introduced different prices for male and female readers, and male readers had to pay more. Liberation, published on the 8th, has two covers, one marked "female version, 2 euros, normal price" and the other marked "male version, 2.5 euros". According to the newspaper, the pay gap between men and women in the French workplace is 25%, and male readers charge 0.5 euros more, which is exactly the same as this ratio. This practice of the newspaper was inspired by the Canadian magazine McLean. According to Liberation, all the proceeds from overcharging male readers on that day will be donated to a non-governmental organization that promotes gender equality.

Title:?

Reason:?

Refer to answer 3. Example of topic: On the day of International Women's Day, the French newspaper Liberation raised the price for male readers.

Reason: The first paragraph of this news is a news introduction, which is a brief summary of the news. Based on this, the title can extract elements such as time (International Women's Day), people (male readers) and events (price increase).

Write a title for the following news and briefly explain the reasons. BEIJING, Beijing, March 22nd: From March 15 to March 17 and from March 20th to 22nd, there were two sandstorms in Beijing. According to experts from the sandstorm project team, during the sandstorm weather on March 15, the amount of dust falling per square meter was 25 grams. According to Beijing's area of about 1040 square kilometers, the total dust fall in Beijing is 26,000 tons. During the sandstorm on March 20, the amount of dustfall per square meter reached 29 grams, and the total amount of dustfall in Beijing was as high as 30 thousand tons. During the two sandstorms, the total amount of dustfall in Beijing was 56,000 tons, which was equivalent to "sharing" 10 kg of dust for every Beijinger.

Title:?

Reason:

Refer to answer 4. Example of title 1: Two sandstorms in Beijing "shared" dust per capita 10 kg.

Example 2: There were two serious sandstorms in Beijing, and the amount of dustfall reached 56,000 tons. There is a serious sandstorm in Beijing.

Reason: When selecting information, news should pay attention to its lead and its most newsworthy content, so it is necessary to integrate the lead with the most newsworthy places behind.

5. Read the following materials and answer the questions as required. Chen Cifu's former residence is located in Longdu Town, Chenghai District. It was built by Chen Cifu, a wealthy businessman living in Thailand in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China, in Qianmei Village, his hometown. It was built in Xuantong two years in Qing Dynasty, which took nearly 30 years and covered an area of more than 25,000 square meters. With 506 halls, it is the largest mansion complex in Lingnan and has the reputation of "the first overseas resident in Lingnan". "Huihui Yuanfeng" is one of the new eight scenic spots in Shantou. On the whole, the former residence was built in accordance with the traditional "Hummer trailer" pattern of Chaoshan residential buildings, retaining the typical architectural style of Chaoshan residential buildings. On this basis, it also combines the beauty of classical palace architecture, with pavilions, carved beams and painted buildings and covered bridges of primitive simplicity and elegance. More compatible with western architectural features and materials, western-style balconies, arches and round windows can be seen everywhere, and imported decorative materials such as glass and tiles are as new as ever.

(1) Please summarize the above contents in one sentence, no more than 20 words. (2) According to the common sense of couplets, combine the following phrases into a couplet to promote "Chen Cifu's former residence". Is the essence of Chinese and western culture in the school's HSBC Chaoshan culture condensed and displayed in Lingnan Overseas Chinese Room?

Refer to answer 5. (1) The position and architectural features of Chen Cifu's former residence in Lingnan area. (2) Example 1: The school's huifeng highlights Chaoshan culture. The overseas Chinese living in Lingnan embodies the essence of the combination of Chinese and Western culture. Example 2: Overseas Chinese living in Lingnan highlights Chaoshan culture. The ethos of the school embodies the essence of China and the West (analysis: the contents of the context take care of each other and are closely related. The upper and lower couplets of a couplet must be: the number of words must be equal; These two parts of speech are equivalent; Third, the structure is commensurate; Four rhythms correspond; Five-level harmony, the ends of the upper and lower sentences should be flat and opposite. The upper part is generally parallel, and the lower part is generally parallel. In this passage, four groups of phrases can be regarded as partial phrases, but "Hui Feng in the courtyard" and "Lingnan Overseas Chinese House" are both titles of former residences, and their contents should be relative, which can be placed on the upper and lower couplets according to students' personal expressions; Chaoshan Culture and Essence of China and the West talk about the connotation of architecture and take care of each other. Cohesion and prominence are both verbs, and the proper verb-object collocation is cohesion, which can not be collocated with other phrases, so other collocation forms can be excluded. Similarly, "highlighting" the appropriate verb-object collocation is "highlighting culture", which is incomparable to other phrases; According to the requirements of flat tone, "Hua" is flat tone, which should be the upper part; "pith" is a flat sound, which should be the bottom line. 6. Read the news and complete the following questions. South-South Network News (all-media reporter/Li He) On the occasion of the 40th anniversary of China's reform and opening up, the Guangdong Federation of Returned Overseas Chinese held a symposium in Guangzhou on the afternoon of April 2nd to commemorate the 40th anniversary of China's reform and opening up. Dai, Vice Chairman and Chairman of Guangdong Federation of Returned Overseas Chinese, Executive Chairman, Vice Chairman, Secretary-General of Guangdong Federation of Returned Overseas Chinese and representatives of more than 50 news media attended the forum. Chen Quan, Deputy Secretary General of China Federation of Returned Overseas Chinese and Minister of Overseas Friendship Department, and Executive Vice President of China Federation of Returned Overseas Chinese and Secretary General of Youth Committee attended the forum and delivered speeches. At the symposium, the participants spoke one after another, talking about their understanding of the 40 years of reform and opening up, and the positive impact of the party's series of principles and policies on their work and life since the 18 th National Congress of the Communist Party of China. He also spoke enthusiastically on how to implement the spirit of the 19th National Congress and better promote the work of the Federation of Returned Overseas Chinese in Guangdong Province, showing the elegance of contemporary youth. (1) Write a headline for the news, no more than 26 words. (2 points) (2) Imitate the sentences with wavy lines and write two more sentences on the horizontal lines to form a parallelism. (2 points) History has eloquently proved that innovation is the source of life for reform and opening up. Innovation is the stone that ignites a single spark; Innovation is fire, lighting the lamp of hope; ______________________,______________________; ______________________,_____________________。 Refer to answer 6. (4 points) (1) Guangdong Federation of Returned Overseas Chinese held a symposium to commemorate the 40th anniversary of China's reform and opening up. (2) Innovation is the way to illuminate the road, and innovation is the way to guide us forward.