Brief introduction of environmental protection practice and factors leading to climate warming

After maintaining a relatively stable temperature for more than 2, years, the earth is now suffering from "low fever" due to greenhouse gases, especially in the late 2th century, which is hotter than at any time in the past 4 years. Scientists' research reports show that human beings should be responsible for global warming in recent years.

solar radiation enters the atmosphere as light waves, bringing heat to the earth. Some radiation is absorbed to warm the earth, while others form infrared rays and reflect back into space. Water, carbon dioxide, methane, nitrogen oxides, ozone and other gases in the atmosphere can absorb infrared radiation from the surface and become the thermal insulation layer of the earth. They are the guarantee of life. Without greenhouse gases, the global temperature will drop by more than 3 degrees.

the key to the change of the earth's temperature is not the existence of greenhouse gases, but their concentration in the atmosphere. When the concentration increases, the temperature of the earth's surface will rise, leading to global warming. Among them, the concentration of carbon dioxide has also increased rapidly from 28ppm before the industrial revolution to 38ppm, and it is getting higher and higher. The greenhouse effect of methane is 21-22 times that of carbon dioxide, and its concentration in the atmosphere is increasing rapidly. At the end of last century, the earth's surface temperature rose by about .6 degrees, and it is expected to rise by 1.4 to 5.8 degrees this century. Since the 199s, the hottest years since meteorological records began to appear.

the climate of the whole earth is like a huge engine, which disperses the heat from the equator to the north and south poles through ocean currents and atmospheric air currents. Generally speaking, when the equatorial temperature rises by 1 degree, the temperature in the north and south poles will rise by 12 degrees. Therefore, the most sensitive to global warming are the north and south poles, where glaciers and ice sheets are constantly melting.

The research report on meteorological data in recent 3 years published shortly before the British Antarctic Survey Station shows that the warming speed in the Antarctic region is three times that of the average warming speed of the earth. As the sea warms, the Antarctic ice circle begins to melt, and once it partially melts, the global sea level will rise.

the situation in the arctic is even worse. The thickness of the Arctic ice circle has obviously decreased since 197, and decreased by 4% in 4 years. The rate of glacier loss in Greenland has doubled in the last five years. It is estimated that if the whole Greenland ice sheet melts, the global sea level will rise by 7 meters, which means that the whole Florida or Bangladesh will sink to the bottom of the sea. If the entire Antarctic ice sheet melts, it will be even more terrible, when the global ocean surface will rise by 65 meters.

the greater impact of the melting of the ice sheet is that it will completely change the relationship between the earth and the sun. When the sun shines on the ice, 9% of the light will be reflected back to outer space like it shines on a mirror; But when the sun shines on the sea surface, more than 9% of the energy will be absorbed, so the surrounding sea water will warm and the ice circle will melt faster. The Arctic ice circle is like a huge mirror, which reflects 9% of the sunlight and keeps the earth cool. But when the ice circle gradually melts, the seawater will absorb a lot of heat energy, and the Arctic, Arctic Ocean and Arctic Circle will absorb heat energy faster and more than other places in the world. If the ice sheets at the poles don't exist, the speed of the earth's heating will be greatly accelerated, resulting in frequent occurrence of extreme weather such as drought, heat and floods.

At present, China ranks second in the world in greenhouse gas carbon dioxide emissions, and also ranks among the top in the world in greenhouse gas emissions such as methane and nitrous oxide. The average annual carbon dioxide emission of each family in China is about 2.7 tons. If we change our family lifestyle, can we reduce the emissions of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide?

In fact, some simple changes can reduce the energy consumption of households. For example, office workers who are close to home can commute by bike instead of driving; Choose a train instead of a plane for short trips; Unplug the charger from the socket when you don't need to continue charging; If you don't use the computer within one hour, turn off the host and monitor conveniently; Taking a shower instead of a tub bath every day can reduce the emission of carbon dioxide by about .1 tons per person throughout the year ... < P > We can also make appropriate adjustments according to different environments and places.

first, pay attention to turn off the lights at home

lighting electricity

. Use efficient and energy-saving light bulbs. The energy department of the United States estimates that 4 million tons of carbon dioxide can be prevented from being released simply by using energy-efficient light bulbs instead of traditional light bulbs.

Don't leave what you can finish during the day to do at night. Wash clothes and do your homework before dark. Going to bed early and getting up early is good for health, environmental protection and energy saving.

Low-carbon cooking

Try to save energy in the kitchen. When cooking oil is heated, it produces carcinogens and causes oil fume to pollute the indoor environment. Reduce the number of fried dishes and cook more vegetables. Don't fill the rice cooker and kettle too full, or the soup will overflow after boiling, which will not only waste energy, but also easily put out the stove fire and cause gas leakage. Adjust the burning range of the flame so that it does not exceed the outer edge of the bottom of the pot, and obtain the best heating effect. If the fire in the pot is small, the flame burning around the bottom of the pot will only consume gas in vain.

cook and stir-fry at home, just eat enough and don't stir-fry. When you see discarded food on the road, you can pick it up and feed it to small animals such as wild dogs, wild cats and birds. Deteriorated food can be buried in the ground as fertilizer.

Water-saving coup

Taomi water is a good detergent, which can be left to wash dishes or water flowers.

Oily pots and plates should be cleaned with used napkins first, which can save water and time, use less detergent and reduce water pollution.

when washing clothes, you can add a small amount of soap powder, because washing powder will reduce a lot of foam when it meets soap, which saves water and cleaning time.

Wash your face and hands. Use a small washbasin to catch water, and then pour it into a vat to collect it.

The water for washing hands, bathing, washing clothes and vegetables, as well as clean dishwashing water, can be collected to wash rags, floors and toilets.

The way to cherish clothes

The beauty of dressing is generosity, simplicity and solemnity, with a little fashion. Compared with those fashionable clothes, traditional clothes have better freshness and durability.

formal clothes worn when going out are separated from household clothes, and you can change into loose and comfortable household clothes when you go home, which can prolong the life of formal clothes.

Pay attention to clothes when eating and walking, and avoid splashing oil and mud stains.

wear an apron or work clothes when cooking and working to protect clothes from being damaged.

When washing your hair and face, cover your collar with a towel and roll up your sleeves to prevent your clothes from getting wet by water.

Take off clothes and fold them, put them in the closet or hang them in the closet. Don't leave them lying around outside to avoid dust and filth.

put on pajamas at night, which is neat and does not damage clothes.

After washing dirty clothes, if there are any flaws, you can patch them with cloth pieces of similar color. Don't be afraid of losing face. Only when the clothes are solemn and tidy and the manners are polite and decent can you really have dignity and face.

energy-saving use of household appliances

when buying washing machines, televisions or other electrical appliances, choose reliable low-consumption and energy-saving products.

cut off the power supply in time when the TV and computer are not in use, which not only saves electricity, but also prevents the hidden danger of fire caused by short circuit of sockets. Turn off the power of the water dispenser when not in use. Keep the refrigerator in a frost-free state.

recycling

by recycling to reduce the recycling of materials, the number of new raw materials can be reduced, thus reducing carbon dioxide emissions. For example, the recycling of organic materials such as paper and cardboard can avoid methane (a gas that can cause greenhouse effect, mostly methane) released from landfills. According to statistics, recycling one ton of waste paper can produce 8 kilograms of recycled paper, which can cut down 17 trees less, save more than half of papermaking raw materials and reduce water pollution. Therefore, saving paper is to protect the forest and the environment.

recycling plastic and metal products, recycling one kilogram of aluminum can avoid 11 kilograms of carbon dioxide emissions.

Try to minimize the consumption of Tetra Pak bricks packed with aluminum film and other disposable items.

Energy-saving fitness methods

If the stairs in the building you live in are well ventilated and well lit, and the safety facilities are complete, you can do "stair climbing exercise" every day, and at the same time save electricity, you can complete fitness, mental health and temperament at one time.

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Hand washing light clothes is also a good exercise. Standing in front of the laundry pool in the posture of standing pile not only exercises the foot strength, but also relaxes the waist and back that are often in a state of tension. Wash clothes with both hands at the same time, saving water and electricity while exercising the flexibility of fingers and the coordination ability of left and right brains.

Save energy for heating and cooling

Most households consume energy for heating and cooling. As long as natural ventilation is effectively used and room overheating is avoided, the cost and carbon dioxide emissions can be simply reduced by 1%.

check the quality of insulation materials in the attic and hollow walls. Check whether the gap between the door and the window is closed in winter.

when the weather is not very hot in summer, it is best to use fans or electric fans instead of air conditioners. When using the air conditioner, don't turn the temperature too low.

renewable energy

using various technologies of renewable energy can greatly reduce the carbon dioxide produced in the process of using energy. Solar energy can heat water and generate electricity. Biomass heating systems are increasingly used in some European countries, and some new small wind turbine generators are already available for home use.

garbage sorting

garbage sorting can recycle valuable resources and reduce the energy consumed by landfill and incineration. For example, waste paper is sent directly to paper mills to produce recycled paper; Beverage bottles, cans and plastics can also be sent to related factories to become renewable resources; Household appliances can be sent to specialized manufacturers for decomposition and recycling. Different garbage bags can be prepared at home to collect waste paper, plastic, packaging boxes, kitchen waste and so on. Sorting and recycling garbage every day is not only our due responsibility, but also conducive to cultivating children's habit and consciousness of caring for the environment.

Exchange and donate surplus items

Collect surplus or unused items, and reuse them through exchange and donation.

Second, on the road,

economical cars

energy-efficient cars produce less carbon dioxide per kilometer. Generally speaking, the heavier a car is, the more fuel it consumes and the more carbon dioxide it produces. Compared with economical small cylinder cars, large SUV cars and luxury cars emit at least twice as much carbon dioxide. Off-road vehicles have a high safety factor, but they consume more fuel. The power transmission of automatic transmission vehicles is completed by hydraulic pressure, which will cause power loss at work, especially when driving at low speed or stopping in traffic jams, and the fuel consumption is even greater.

fuel

gasoline and diesel: environmentally friendly gasoline and diesel can improve the performance of automobiles. It can clean the engine of the car, reduce the friction of the engine, and make the fuel burn more fully, thus reducing the air pollution.

biological liquid fuel: compared with traditional vehicle fuel, biological liquid fuel can potentially reduce carbon dioxide emissions. China is already the third largest producer and user of fuel ethanol in the world. Fuel ethanol has been popularized and used in the vehicle fuel market in nine provinces of China.

travel wisely

plan the best route before you leave.

think carefully about your travel needs. Try to use public transportation.

have you ever thought about taking a car with your family and friends? Do you really need to fly? Perhaps a conference call will save more time, money and reduce carbon dioxide emissions.

car maintenance

do a good job in the daily maintenance of the car to ensure that it can be exercised in the best condition. Check tire pressure and oil. When it is not needed, remove the roof rack and box, because these will reduce the efficiency of the car by more than 1%.

when driving

when driving, pay attention to the coordination of oil separation and keep it at an economical speed. The test shows that it costs 2-3 times more fuel to step on the accelerator than to drive at a medium speed, so it is taboo to brake hard and start hard while driving, and try to start smoothly.

when waiting in line, in traffic jam or waiting for someone, try to avoid idling the engine. The fuel consumption of the engine idling for 3 minutes can make the car travel 1 km. Therefore, if the residence time exceeds 1 minute, it should be turned off.

improve the efficiency of going out

don't drive out alone unless necessary. Before going out every time, make a list of things to do and try to finish them in one breath. This can reduce the energy waste and environmental pollution caused by traffic jams.

Third, when shopping,

bring your own shopping bag or reuse plastic bags for shopping

The raw materials of plastics mainly come from non-renewable mineral energy such as coal, oil and natural gas. Saving plastic bags means saving the energy of the earth. The amount of plastic waste in China exceeds one million tons every year. The disposable plastic bags not only cause a huge waste of resources, but also make the amount of garbage increase sharply.

buy local products

buying local products can reduce the carbon dioxide produced during product transportation. For example, according to a report published by the Ministry of Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, in Britain, 8% of carbon dioxide released from cars comes from vehicles carrying non-local products.

Buy seasonal products

Buying seasonal fruits and vegetables can reduce crops growing in the greenhouse. Many greenhouses consume a lot of energy to grow non-seasonal products.

soil and water support each other, and local food is most suitable for local people to eat. Other goods produced locally are easy to maintain and low in cost. Seasonal food is the most suitable for the growth of the species in the natural ecology mature, the most nutritious, but also there are few kinds of additives. The out-of-season food is not only expensive but also less nutritious, and the added pesticides, fertilizers and accelerant are also harmful to health.

Reduce the purchase of animal food such as meat, eggs and milk

Raising livestock consumes more than 2/3 of cultivated land; Animal husbandry accounts for 16% of man-made methane on the earth. The production, packaging, transportation and cooking of meat consume much more energy than plant food, which accounts for 25% of human behavior in triggering the global greenhouse effect.

Use less disposable products

Shopping malls are full of disposable products: disposable tableware, disposable toothbrushes, disposable pens ... disposable products bring temporary convenience to people, but bring disasters to the ecological environment. They accelerate the depletion of the earth's resources, and a large amount of garbage produced causes environmental pollution. Take disposable chopsticks as an example. China exports about 1.5 million cubic meters to Japan and South Korea every year, which consumes 2 million square meters of forest resources.

don't fall into the trap of luxury goods

the more fashionable the goods, the faster the upgrading. Whether it is electronic products or fashionable clothes, merchants stimulate people's desire to buy by constantly bringing forth the old and bringing forth the new. Those "moonlight clan", "car slave" and "card slave" who pursue luxury consumption not only waste resources, but also bear heavy economic shackles. Whether they are rich or negative, they can only know whether they are cold and warm.

Over-packaging

Pay attention to buying products with simple packaging. This means that less energy is consumed in the production process of packaging. Reduce the garbage sent to the landfill and reduce the economic burden of consumers.

Advantages of using recycled materials

Compared with products made of original materials, using recycled materials