Orchid terminology

Among the three outer petals of shoulder orchid, the vertical one in the middle is called the main petal, and the two horizontally arranged ones are called the auxiliary petals. The so-called "shoulder" refers to the shape of the secondary leaves: the first one is horizontal, called "shoulder", which belongs to the top grade; Second, when the valve is relaxed before and after, the two attached valves droop slightly, which is called "shoulder drop", which is inferior; Third, when the flowers are just in full bloom, the attached petals droop greatly and form a triangle with the main petals, which is called "big shoulder drop", "three-legged horse" and "eight-legged frame". If this form is adopted, even if the petal shape and flowers are no matter how good, the three petals outside are not enough because of their bad posture, which is inferior. The fourth kind is slightly higher sidelobe, which is called "flying shoulder" and belongs to expensive products. Color-According to the orchids in Jiangsu and Zhejiang, traditionally green is the best, especially light green is the first, followed by old green, yellow-green is the second, and songkhla green is the second. All red flowers, those with sallow color are always top grade, and those with dark purple color are inferior. For other orchids, the evaluation of color varies from place to place. Fine flowers, flower arrangement-all flowers with plum, lotus, narcissus, plain heart and odd petals are called fine flowers; Flowers with three outer petals and narrow chicken feet or bamboo leaves are called row flowers or commonly known as coarse flowers. Chicken beak-when the bud just breaks ground, the tip of the bud is relatively closed, kissed tightly, differentiated or split, which is called chicken beak. If the bud tip has a white jade hook or a whole texture, it will produce more plum petals and narcissus petals. Tight edge-each edge of the outer three valves is slightly rolled inward, and the slightly rolled shape is obvious from about 0.3 cm away from the root to the front of the valve, while the band gradually widens, the edge of the valve thickens and extends to the corner, and the tip of the valve is closed with the symmetrical other side to form a pocket shape. This kind of inner tape is called tight edge. Plum petals are thicker than others, narcissus petals are thinner and lotus petals are the thinnest (similar to lotus petals). Close the root and open the angle-especially the width and width of the three petals outside the orchid, which involves the beauty and posture of the flower. It gradually narrows from the central part of the valve amplitude to the valve root, which is called root retraction; It gradually relaxes from the central part of the petal to the tip of the petal, then gradually contracts at the front edge of the petal tip about 0.4 cm and rolls slightly inward, and converges into a micro-pocket at the tip of the petal. This front-back junction is called the release angle. Among lotus petals and lotus-shaped narcissus petals, the phenomenon of root harvesting and angle setting is the most obvious. Narcissus petals are not so obvious because of how long and round the petals are, while plum petals, especially full plum petals, are rarely rooted and angled because of their round shape. Pocket-refers to the shape of the flap tissue at the tip of the flap, which depends on the size, depth and thickness of the flap edge at the tip of the flap. For example, according to its thickness, it can be divided into soft pocket and hard pocket; According to the depth, it can be divided into deep pockets and shallow pockets. Zhongke-the floorboard of the whole flap and nose. The head shapes of plum petals and narcissus petals should be close; The midriffs of lotus petals and butterfly petals are wider. Any nest in the middle should be properly matched with the three-petal shape outside, so that it looks beautiful and handsome. Turn the stem-when Cymbidium hybridum is about to arrange the bells in a big row, the stalk of each flower bell on the pedicel grows laterally with the flower heart facing outward. This is called turn the stem, commonly known as digging, turning down and turning. Zan-also known as short bottom. That is, the short stalk of each flower of Cymbidium hybridum. Butterfly petals-There are two kinds of butterflies.

The labialization of the lower part of the accessory valve is called external butterfly. Liping goes deep into the sidelobe 1/2, which is called the total butterfly. The whole butterfly with two petals turned back is called flying butterfly, which is a good variety of butterfly petals, such as colorful butterfly and Fluttershy. The lower part of the accessory petals is narrow or intermittent, and the outer three petals and the long and narrow half butterfly holding the petals are called grass butterflies. Half butterfly and grass butterfly are not very ornamental, so they are rarely preserved.

An odd petal with two petals together is called an inner butterfly, also called a butterfly. In history, butterflies were not valued, so there were few species left. Recently, more attention has been paid to the discovery of butterfly species in China, so a large number of butterflies have been discovered, especially in Zhoushan area in recent years, which has made friends in the orchid industry enter a new world. Odd petals-the outer three petals and the lower part of the clasped petals all evolve into lips, or the petals are multi-petal, missing and multi-lipped, which are called odd petals and are mainly divided into the following categories:

1. Butterfly petals

There are two types: external chaos and civil strife.

The labialization of the lower part of the accessory valve is called external butterfly. Liping goes deep into the sidelobe 1/2, which is called the total butterfly. The whole butterfly with two petals turned back is called flying butterfly, which is a good variety of butterfly petals, such as colorful butterfly and Fluttershy. The lower part of the accessory petals is narrow or intermittent, and the outer three petals and the long and narrow half butterfly holding the petals are called grass butterflies. Half butterfly and grass butterfly are not very ornamental, so they are rarely preserved.

An odd petal with two petals together is called an inner butterfly, also called a butterfly. In history, butterflies were not valued, so there were few species left. Recently, more attention has been paid to the discovery of butterfly species in China, so a large number of butterflies have been discovered, especially in Zhoushan area in recent years, which has made friends in the orchid industry enter a new world.

2. Multi-petaled

The number of petals (including lip) exceeds six, reaching seven, eight or even dozens, which is collectively called multi-petal. For example, Yu Die and so on. The number of such petals is the same every year, and there is no certain pattern. However, the external shape remains the same, as in Lv Yun, and other butterflies are bamboo leaves. Most new flowers with multiple petals are unstable and changeable. So apart from the old species with many petals, there are few new species left. In recent years, it has been found that chrysanthemum petals are multi-petaled, and peony petals are also multi-petaled, such as Thousand Island Flowers. Petals, such as chrysanthemums, grow layer by layer, with more petals than traditional multi-petal flowers. This kind of flower has attracted the attention of orchid friends at home and abroad.

Step 3: Multiple clips

The number of outer three flaps and holding flaps is complete, and the lip flap has more than two flaps, which is called multi-lip or multi-tongue. This kind of flower is unstable, ugly and rarely stays. Lotus petals-the outer three petals are thick and wide, shaped like lotus petals, with closed roots and horns. Holding the flip is like opening the clam shell slightly, with the lips wide open and rolled back and forth. There are three kinds of flower patterns: large, medium and small, the same lotus is a big lotus, the global lotus is a middle lotus, and the gailian is a small lotus. Typical same load and coverage load. Narcissus petals-the outer three petals are longer than plum petals, and the petals are slightly pointed. There are deep or light capsules with drooping lips or curled back, represented by Wang Ziyin. The varieties of narcissus petals are plum narcissus and lotus narcissus.

Plum-shaped narcissus is characterized by the outer three petals being slightly longer than the plum petals, and the main and auxiliary petals are closely rooted, especially the main petal. Hold the flap and the pocket or pocket. Shen Xi and Cui Wen are plum narcissus. The characteristics of lotus narcissus are: the outer three petals are wider, similar to lotus petals, and the petals have pockets or micro-pockets. I want to thank you for the dragon and daffodils. Plum petals-the outer three petals are short and round, thick and symmetrical. It is shaped like a plum blossom, with a petal in the pocket and a white head, and the lip is stretched and tight, not backward. Song Mei is a typical plum blossom petal. Spotted flowers-irregular yellow spots and white spots appear on petals. Because orchids have stripes on their leaves, sometimes the corresponding flowers also have stripes, but this phenomenon is rare. Covering flowers-the petals are inlaid with white or yellow, which is called covering flowers. Because the leaves overlap, sometimes the corresponding flowers overlap, such as the jade clothes in Phnom Penh. There are irregular yellow and white lines on the petals. Because the leaves are blue, the corresponding flowers have stripes, such as colorful crowns. Claw flower-There are three kinds of claws: golden claws with green background (yellow claws), silver claws with green background (white claws), green claws with white background and green claws with yellow background. Because the leaves of orchids are claw-shaped, the corresponding flowers are claw-shaped. Such as Phnom Penh jade clothes, dawn and other plain petals.

The thing without stain on the lips is the heart valve. Because the pigment of orchids is mostly concentrated on the lips, the lips are colorless, and the outer three petals and the clasping petals will not be colored. The traditional common valve has three outer valves, the retaining valve is green and the lip valve is white. Correspondingly, the general orchid lips are called halo because they are red or purple.

According to the color of lips, it can be divided into green fetal element, white fetal element, yellow fetal element, peach buccal element (red on both sides of tongue base) and bristle element (light red on tongue coating). The coating color of vegetarian heart valves is green. Recently, the meaning of vegetarian petals has been expanded. Any tongue with the same color as a flower is called a heart valve, such as saffron, safflower and purple flower. This kind of flower is produced in Sichuan, Yunnan, Guizhou and Hubei, but it is rare in Jiangsu and Zhejiang.

According to the outer three petals and holding petals, it can be divided into plum blossom elements, such as Cai. Lotus leaf element, such as Yang's lotus element and Wen Tuan element. Butterfly elements, such as young elements. Bamboo leaf elements, such as Yingu element and Tiantong element. As for ordinary herbs, they are not included in fine flowers because their petals are as narrow as chicken feet. Tip-when the bud is in bud, the bud shows the tip or the whole shape. The top of the cymbidium has the following forms:

(1) The shape of the lotus seed is almost equal up and down, and it looks like a lotus seed. This form of three petals is fleshy, and the apex of the petal is covered with a heavy white head (that is, the apex is slightly white and dizzy with meat), and the edge is tight. Most of them have big tongue plum petals, which are round and straight. If the whole nucleus is white, the color is tender, and the petals are easy to stretch and wrinkle when they are put enough.

(2) Peanut-shaped buds are similar to peanut kernels, but the front end is small, the middle part is large and the shape is long. Those with thin and waxy tendons have a wide tongue and plum-shaped narcissus. Most of the white meat on the head is plum petals.

(3) The spindle bud is shaped like a loom. There is a tight edge behind the valve. For example, if the muscles are thick and hard, most of them have hard hands, sharp narcissus petals or small wishful tongue plum petals.

(4) The two ends of the olive bud are small and the middle is wide. If the gluten is fine and waxy, there are many daffodils in small tongue.

(5) The top of gourd bud is flat and the lower part is small. If the tendon is slightly hard, open plum flap to crack the back, or open three flaps and one nose. If the tendons are fine, waxy and green, and the lower part of the bud is wider, the tongue shape is larger and the petals are wider.

(6) The bulbous bud of the round lamp is long and round. The tendons are fine and waxy, and the strips extend to the top. Most of these forms have wrinkled plum petals or slightly wrinkled daffodil petals with soft grip.

(7) The mouth bud of the clean bottle is slightly longer, and the tips of the three petals are put together. If the tendons are fine and waxy, the color is enchanting, and more wrinkled daffodils are opened.

(8) Pomegranate mouth buds are round and short, and the tips of three petals are slightly turned outwards. Tendons are thick and straight, tendons are brightly colored, and five daffodils will open.

(9) Longan-shaped buds are round and firm. If there is no bald shell, it is not expensive to open short round petals, or three petals are short and not delicate. This form is mostly like opening petals. Blossoming-orchid flowers are weak, petals are stiff and insufficient, all of which are called bloating. Mainly in orchids, the phenomenon of literary forms often appears, such as flowers blooming from the top first, which is weak, and the flowers below are often stiff or in bud. In addition, the flower spacing on the flower scape is too dense and the flowers are weak. This model is the worst one.

For example, when new potted flowers are set up on the mountain, because of excessive damage to roots and leaves, all the flowers on the floral axis are densely gathered, shaped like a feather broom, which is also called tee-off. Clever species and official species-those with white or thick fleshy sacs at the tips of petals are called clever species, and those without bald heads or slightly shallow sacs are called official species. Hua Fu, a natural wild orchid, has been domesticated in potted plants and continues to reproduce, and is called Hua Fu. After several years, the bud recovers and is called compound flower.