What are the specific places for Chinese New Year on February 15th of the lunar calendar?

Lunar February Folk Festival and Dietary Style ■ Lunar February Dragon Head Festival, Spring Society, Wenchang Festival, Flower Festival 1. The way to eat and drink on the Dragon Head Festival On the second day of the second lunar month, there was a custom of the Dragon Head Festival in ancient times. Legend has it that this day is the day when dragons look up, so a series of sacrifices and food cultural activities are related to "dragons". 1, the Dragon Head Festival was called "Zhonghe Festival" in ancient times, which began in the Tang Dynasty. According to the Song Dynasty Zhang CuO's Miscellaneous Notes on the Valley of the Clouds, there are two clouds: February 1st is the Taiping Festival in Tang Dezong. In the Southern Song Dynasty, Wu's "Liang Lumeng" was published, and February was called the Zhonghe Festival. The villagers also packed hundreds of grains and fruits in environmental protection bags and gave them to each other, "as a gift." 2. Later, with the development of history, the progress of society, and the differences and differences of local customs and people's feelings, the meaning and content of folk sacrifice methods and food culture have also changed, but the main purpose of sacrificing dragons to avoid harm is the same. At that time, people would eat sun cakes, fried cakes, Longxu Noodles, scallion cakes and so on, and take them as offerings. There are a lot of documents about food culture and customs in these programs. 3. The Ming Dynasty's "Wan Bu Za Zhu" said that during the Sino-Japanese Festival, "the villagers spread ash from the outside into the kitchen inside the house and surrounded it on the water tank, which is called bringing the dragon back. Spread pancakes with noodles, and smoke the bed to keep insects from growing. " 4. "The History of the Forbidden City in Ming Dynasty" said: On the second day, each family fried with sticky jujube cakes; Or spread noodles and fine noodles into pancakes, which is called "smoking insects". It's time to eat puffer fish and drink reed bud soup to reduce fever. Every family cooks wine in summer. At this time, "eating Jesus is called peach blossom crisp." 5, Hebei "Wanquan County Records" cloud: February 2, commonly known as "Dragon Head Up". This eclipse takes the meaning of dragon, such as eating jiaozi, which was called "eating dragon ears" at that time; Eating scallion cake is called "tearing dragon skin"; People who eat noodles are called "eating dragon whiskers". "Women should avoid injections every day, because they are afraid of stabbing the dragon's eyes." 6. "Yong Ping Fu Zhi" said: On the Zhonghe Festival, farmers here use ash from households to wells and chaff from wells to urns, which is called "attracting dragons into the room", and the Lord is rich. If you smoke insects with sesame oil pancakes, things will not rot and avoid insects and ants. Moreover, "the scholar's family ordered the boy to write, good luck." On that day, the woman stopped the needle, and the common cloud dared not wear the faucet. "7. With regard to the custom of eating sun cakes, Yanjing Years Old says: On the first day of February, people in the city made rice flour into small cakes with five pieces on one layer and chickens over an inch on them, which are called sun cakes. Those who "pay homage to the sun" in Beijing bought and presented them, ranging from three to five sets. "8. In Jilin, a folk custom area, every household has the eating habit of" eating more pig's head and spitting spring cakes "during the Sino-Japanese Festival. "Jilin Xinzhi" records that the local people kept the heads and hooves of the fat pigs they ate at the end of the year to the "Dragon Head Festival", so there was "February 2, the dragon looked up; It's raining and the ground is dirty; Every household eats pigs' heads. 9. However, when Fugu County in northern Shaanxi meets this festival, every household "eats bean noodles or vegetable cakes, which is called riding a dragon's head". It can be seen that the forms and contents of folk food cultural activities during Chinese and Japanese festivals are diverse and rich. Second, how to eat during the Spring Festival In the vast areas of southern China in ancient times, every year in February of the lunar calendar, people held spring prayers to worship the land god. This activity is called Spring Festival Club. 65438+ 2. "Records of Jinhua Prefecture" says that on social days, there are social festivals in each of the four townships to worship the ancient gods. 3, "Dongyang County Records" said that on the social day, farmers took green noodles as the fruit, sandwiched orange leaves, and called social fruits, giving them first and eating them. 4. According to the records of Yanzhou Prefecture, on the social day, there are sacrifices in every township, offering sacrifices to the gods of the country to pray for news, and then drinking and praying after that. 5. In Hunan, every time the people meet the society day, "there must be colorful sacrificial rites in the neighborhood, so that they live under a tree, offering sacrifices to God first and then returning them." 6. It can be seen that the activities of offering sacrifices to the gods in the Southern Spring Society in ancient China are not only a day for offering sacrifices to the gods and praying for the valley, but also a festival for people to get together for dinner. Therefore, Yuan Jinglan, a poet in Qing Dynasty, said with deep feelings in Poems of Spring Society: Purple swallows are everywhere, and Lin Jiu calls for rain to meet Wu Society. Money is piled up in Qingyang Village, and people from Gigi Lai come to get together under the temple. The dolphin's hooves are full of fruits, and the witch hopes to have a good year. Dancing with dead branches is very interesting for children. Ten sides and five teams, the setting sun is thousands of miles away. The noise was so loud that the club drank to cure deafness and everyone was drunk. The figure helps the drunk, and the peach blossoms block the spring breeze. Back to the hut, I fell asleep in the spring, urging my ancestors to be surprised by the officials. God gives people endless blessings, and one party returns with blood and food. The earth can be admired by the gods, and Tamara is green and ordinary. Hunan University worships the public every year. On the third day of the second lunar month, folklore is the birthday of Emperor Wenchang, who has the function of "rewarding meritorious service as a scholar" on earth. Therefore, both the government and scholars should celebrate his birthday and name it "Wenchang Club". 1. According to the general literature of the Qing Dynasty, Wenchang Temple and Wenchang Palace were established in all counties in the Qing Dynasty, so every time Wenchang Fair was held, Confucian scholars were "offered in different levels". They not only offered all kinds of "sacrificial food" and offerings, but also prayed for the prosperity and glory of "top scholar" in the coming year, and held a party after the sacrifice. 2. For example, in Chengxian County, Gansu Province in the Qing Dynasty, on the third day of February every year, Confucian scholars gather in Wenchang Palace to celebrate their birthday and drink. 3. In Shi Jing, in the past, in addition to performing in Wenchang Temple, Jingzhong Temple, Jinling Village, Liyuan Pavilion and other provincial-level township temples, people also held incense ceremonies. History says "cherish words like gold". Xiang Hui, the Spring and Autumn Festival, is extremely successful, but the precious word Wenchang will be the most. They all performed in Wenchang Temple, Jingzhong Temple, Jinling Village, Liyuan Pavilion and various provinces and townships, and gathered thousands of people. "Visible is the grand occasion of Japanese festivals and celebrations, which is indeed unprecedented. 4. The forms of folk activities in other places are basically the same. Therefore, Yu Yue, a famous poet in Qing Dynasty, said in his poem "Song of Wenchang's Birthday": Chun Jun was born in Wenchang on February 3rd. From Beijing to the county seat, a case of worshipping Chen was sacrificed. I got up early today, too, and a plate of chicken and fish was served. Scholars at home and abroad will get together, and the clothes will be worshipped as the porch. Or Wenchang is a star, and he doesn't smell Chang Gung in his dream. It is indecent to celebrate your birthday when in Rome. I said there were six in wenchang star, and Zhao returned to the same place in the sky. He also said: I sing this poem for God's longevity, and it is in English for spiritual life. Legend has it that there are examples in ancient times. Why don't you sing Ascension now? From the beginning, Kuiguang grew up and he was proud of me. Fourth, the catering method of the Flower Festival is on February 12 of the lunar calendar (February 3, or February 15 in some areas), which is called Kao's birthday. On this day, ancient folk and literati had the custom of "Flower Festival". On this day, folk poets have a variety of activities, such as chanting poems, sightseeing, enjoying flowers, drinking sanhua, gathering banquets, acting, praying for blessings, etc., but they are different because of different local customs. 1. For example, Wu of the Southern Song Dynasty wrote a book "Dream", saying: The fifteenth day of mid-spring is the flower festival, which is a custom between Zhejiang and Zhejiang. I thought that spring was in full bloom, so "everyone went to Yuhu, Guliulin, yangfu, Yundong outside Qiantang Gate, Le Qing Xiaohu outside Qianhu Gate, and Jiahuimen outsourced Jiashan. The most important thing is that the peaches in Jiabaoshan are so beautiful. On the same day, the commander-in-chief and the county magistrate also led the assistants and other members out of the suburbs, "calling on the elders to give them wine, persuading them to use ploughing mulberry, and asking them to be diligent and sincere." 2. A birthday banquet will be held for the old gentleman in Tianqing Temple, and 10,000 lanterns will be lit to "practice for the saints and pray for the people". The scholar paid tribute to incense and made numerous contacts. " 3. Believe in foreign ministers, Ming temples and monks and nuns of various teaching institutes, build a Buddhist nirvana victory meeting, list banners and buildings, and have "all kinds of fragrant flowers and different fruits to support, famous painters and calligraphers, exotic toys, solemn Dojo, and endless tourists". 4. In the Qing Dynasty, the folks in Beijing took February 12 every year as Kao Hua's birthday, and in this year, "You are a charming person, you write poems and sing harmony". In early spring, I like reading peony. "Only the North-South Gallery of the Temple of Heaven, Yongdingmen Bird and Fangshan Monastery are the best. In addition to Yao Huang and Wei Zi, there are all kinds of red, light green and Phnom Penh, which are not available in the south of the Yangtze River. 5. At the annual flower show in Jiangxi Province, literati have a typical practice of "picking flowers and drinking poems, fighting for drinking". 6. In addition to folk festivals, the Palace Flower Festival in Qing Dynasty also included high-level celebrations such as feasting, flower viewing and watching plays. According to documents, during the Guangxu period, Empress Dowager Cixi had the honor of "cutting the ribbon" to watch the drama in the Summer Palace every year. Shi Yun, Empress Dowager Cixi went to the Summer Palace to watch the flower festival cut the ribbon. " Sometimes eunuchs will prepare yellow and red silk and cut it into strips by court officials. The treaty is two inches wide and three feet long. "The queen mother took one red and one yellow and tied it to the peony flowers. The eunuch of the imperial family took the red flowers and tied them to the tree, so the garden was full of red silks, and the imperial family and others were also colorful, just like wearing a butterfly. After getting married, Empress Dowager Cixi began to watch dramas. Sing the birthday celebration of the flower god, the tree is a male fairy and the flower is a female fairy. Anyone who plays the god of a tree and a flower, "clothes show color." "Dressed as a lotus fairy, wearing a pink silk small lotus shirt and a green silk small lotus leaf shirt. I imitate this. The scenery is a mountain forest, surrounded by rocks with holes in them. There are countless little immortals holding wine in the cave. " The so-called fairies are small flowers, such as honeysuckle and pomegranate flowers. Then "the immortals got together to drink, and a rainbow fell from the sky and fell on the rocks, and the immortals crossed it, and the rainbow rose again and rose to the sky." ■ Seasonal food and delicacies There are many kinds of seasonal products and flowers in February of the lunar calendar, which enrich people's food and cultural life on the first day of the Lunar New Year and on weekdays. 1, according to records, in the Yuan Dynasty, there was a custom of recommending new foods in season every month. For example, the ancestral hall recommends new fruits such as Han Tao, vegetables and bamboo shoots. Sacrifices include Baha 'i fish, tuna (all from Heilongjiang), "God Chef Royal Rice, Bald Horse Head, Sheep Lung, Powder Soup, Steamed Bread, Cheese Porridge" and other foods. 2. In Shi Jing area of Qing Dynasty, the folk fresh food in February included red cabbage, red cabbage and shrimp cake. Seasonal flowers include lilacs, birthday flowers, apricot flowers and pear flowers. In this regard, the literature records that every year in February of the lunar calendar, spinach will spend the winter under the wind tent, and in spring, it will be fresh red-rooted vegetables. When it is old, the green leaves will be thin, and it will be flame red-rooted vegetables. Shrimp with golden hook is eaten with bread and branded, which is also a mid-spring product. Such as lilac purple, birthday yellow, apricot red and pear white, the so-called colorful, always spring. When the Yuan bird arrived, the Gaotang painting building was covered with mud and grass; To the autumn society, the city village swallows each raised their children in Dongtu Prefecture, and they gathered in Yantai, and they went to the post two days later. At the end of each month, there were many people selling small fried chicken and ducklings on the streets of Shi Jing in Qing Dynasty, and citizens rushed to buy them, so they could eat them after autumn. So every spring, in late February, there are people selling suckling chickens and ducks, and they are still selling them on the street, and the business is going well. The population of Gai Shi Jing is prosperous, and there are tens of thousands of chickens a day, all of which are raised by manpower, not autotrophic. "This industry, called Chicken and Duck Pavilion, is generally distributed in Qihuamen and Dongzhimen. ■ Difficult-to-read characters for future reference (Wu, four tones, pictophonetic characters, from birds, 1 original meaning ducks, if birds are in rows, then ducks are arranged in rows; An emu boat is a small boat shaped like an emu. Wild ducks, like ducks, squat like ducks. 3. it is extended to the pursuit of seeking, such as aiming high. ) tuna, Wei, three times. 1 tuna euthhynnus yaito, spindle-shaped, blue-black back, gray abdomen, seven or eight small fins behind dorsal fin and gluteal fin. Animals living in tropical oceans, eat small fish, etc. Sturgeon is an ancient name for sturgeon and bighead carp. Echo, qu, two tones, shape and sound, and force. The original meaning of 1 is fatigue and toil, such as bitterness and bitterness. ) (Yong, Ju, 1 Everyone chipped in for the banquet, and if they were short of money, they chipped in for wine. 2 the contribution of gathering money, such as collecting money, is to collect everyone's money. Shit, he, four tones, knows. 1 The original meaning covers aggregation. Get together, like a gathering of scholars. Why not? If not, why not. What, what, what, what, what, what, what, what. ZHI, three tones, work done with needles, especially work other than sewing with needles, such as embroidery, knitting and needlework, such as needles. ) ■ In February of the lunar calendar, Shanxi folk Qinglong Festival Flower Tide Festival is the second day of February, commonly known as Qinglong Festival. The origin of the Qinglong Festival is related to the "fright" in the 24 solar terms. After the shock, the earth recovered and the yang rose. There is a saying in Shanxi folk proverb that "on February 2nd, the dragon looks up". Jinnan area thinks that this day is the day of Qinglong activities, so it is forbidden to go to the river and the well to fetch water, so as not to bring back dragon eggs. When walking and working by the river and the well, pay great attention to silence and try not to make any noise, so as not to disturb Qinglong and ruin the good weather. On this day in the north of Shanxi, "Qianlong" prevailed. Before the sun rises in the morning, every family carries a teapot and goes to the river or the well to fetch water. According to the calculation of several dragons controlling water this year, put a few copper coins or coins in the teapot. After pumping the water, he spilled all the water while walking home, poured all the remaining water and money into the water tank, and took it home with Qianlong, which meant making a fortune in one year. Don't talk when attracting Qianlong, so as not to scare Qianlong away. In some places in northwest Shanxi, Qianlong chose a big tree or a big stone and sprinkled it with gray lines. Tie a copper coin with a red line. First, put the copper coin in the gray coil, pull it home by hand and cover it with a container. In the southeast of Shanxi province, Yao Qianlong used kitchen ash and sprinkled a winding gray line from the door to the kitchen and around the water tank. As the saying goes: "After a fright, all insects die. "During the Qinglong Festival, many anti-drug activities are very popular among the people." Yangcheng County Records records: "When a hundred insects are stung at the beginning of the earthquake, the Tianshi curse hangs to prevent insects and drugs. "When people get up in the morning, they should avoid saying the word' get up' for fear that all poisonous insects will react. Folklores in southern Shanxi like to cook Man Jing soup, which is spread all over the cracks in the walls, corners, the bottom of the kang mat and under the bed. It is called "no insects". Others gathered villagers, carried idols, went to the heads of families and sprinkled rice soup in the yard, which meant to dispel the plague. People's doors are surrounded by lime. Folk in southeastern Shanxi painted a medicine gourd, which contained poisonous insects such as snakes, scorpions, centipedes, dragonflies and spiders. , and posted on the wall, called "stop the insects". Some also use beans and wheat flour to twist into lights and bury them in the soil, which is called "smoked dragonfly". Every household in Jinzhong area pats a dustpan, and the nursery rhyme is "On February 2nd, patting a dustpan, jumping eggs, ticks dare not get on the kang". Put a line around the toilet and the door with lime, which is called eliminating the plague. Luliang area is used to cleaning every house. The northern part of Shanxi pays attention to "paste the wolf's mouth", and paste the dough with sesame sugar or millet on the mouth of Erlang's barking dog. Qinglong Festival is called "Flower Tide Festival" in some places in southern Shanxi. People come to the suburbs with wine and food, sit around in selected places, sing and dance, and enjoy drinking, which is called "spring outing" and "outing". Southeast Shanxi is used to making pancakes with glutinous rice flour to express condolences to women. Children in Jinzhong area are used to flying kites. Some counties pay attention to this day to play ash pits and worship the land god. People in northern Shanxi like to eat noodles and vermicelli, which is called picking dragon flavor. There are also cakes to paste the wolf's mouth and pears to fight fire and get dirty. Luliang area likes to eat pancakes, which is called "uncovering dragon skin". Eating twist and prickly heat that day in Jinnan is called "eating the keel". Northwest Shanxi pays attention to the Qinglong Festival and makes yangko, which is similar to the Lantern Festival in other places. On the Qinglong Festival, people in northern Shaanxi pay attention to eating jujube hill before the kitchen god. A few people in a family cut jujube hill into several pieces, one for each person, and gave the parents three tips. Ruicheng (Bianhe) Qinglong Festival has an ancient festival, which lasted for more than 1000 years, which is a strange custom. It is said that it began in the reign of Emperor Guangwu of Han Dynasty, and it has been 1800 years. Also called "Three Societies Code", it commemorates the meritorious service of Emperor Huang Shui-zhi of Dongyue. On this day, villagers revel and display the most precious treasures in their homes. Folk also called "Ming Bao Hui", which means that taking treasures can ward off evil spirits and avoid disasters, and hope that the weather will be good and the crops will be bumper. At that time, women would wear colorful clothes and sing traditional folk songs. Men play rough and strong gods, local military commanders, civil servants, eight immortals, secular gods and so on. , or riding a horse, riding a car, lifting a pole; Or naked, waist wrapped in wild cloth; Or homespun underpants, with a straw cutter, ice skates, coarse purlin and stone mill on his back, which is very manly. The local nickname is "(Hehe) He Erbi". The atmosphere of social fire is composed of gongs and drums, which are rendered. The attack method is simple and primitive, commonly known as "leaving gongs and drums". Traditional festivals include playing with lions, running dry boats, walking on stilts, carrying people and so on. The whole activity started outside the village and lasted for a long time until the end of the former site of Taishan Temple. After the Dragon Boat Festival, the whole "Chinese New Year" is over.