Stories/materials about Zhan Tianyou
Zhan Tianyou (1861-1919), the father of Chinese railways
Zhan Tianyou (1861-1919), a native of Wuyuan, Jiangxi. Outstanding patriotic engineer and railway engineering expert in China. He has been fond of learning since childhood.
At the age of twelve, he was selected by the Qing government as the first group of young children to study in the United States. After graduating from primary school and middle school, he was admitted to the Civil Engineering Department of Yale University to study railway engineering, and graduated from the university at the age of 21 with a bachelor's degree. After returning to China, he was sent to be a soldier's pilot. He participated in the Sino-French Mawei naval battle and fought bravely against the French invaders. In the twelfth year of Guangxu, he was appointed as a foreign language teacher and mapping chart in the erudite museum.
in the 14th year of Guangxu, he was an engineer of China Railway Corporation and was elected as a member of British Engineering Research Association. Since then, he has successively served as the railway engineer of Jinyu, Jinzhou and Pingyi, the chief engineer of Xinyi Railway, the general manager and chief engineer of Beijing-Zhangjiakou Railway, and the chief engineer of Luotong Railway Consultant. In the first year of Xuantong, he was given an engineering scholar, served as the chief examiner of overseas students, the consultant of the postal department and the consultant of the academic department, and was sent to Yichang as the chief engineer of the commercial Sichuan Railway. In the first year of the Republic of China, he served as the office of the Guangdong-Han Railway Association and was elected as the president of the Chinese Society of Engineers. In the third year of the Republic of China, he was appointed as the supervisor of Hanchuan Road, Guangdong Province, and President Sun Yat-sen promoted him to the title of doctor Shao Qing, appointed as the chief of the Ministry of Communications, and awarded him the second-class Baoguang Jiahe chapter. In the eighth year of the Republic of China, he was sent to Harbin by the Beiyang warlord government as the representative of the Far East Railway Conference supervised by the Allies and the representative of China in the technical department of the conference.
On April 15th, 1988, she went back to Wuhan due to illness and died on 24th, aged 59. Zhan Tianyou's life has made outstanding contributions to the railway industry in China.
here we know that Zhan Tianyou is an outstanding patriotic engineer and railway engineering expert in China. He has been fond of learning since childhood. Zhan Tianyou's life has made outstanding contributions to the railway industry in China. We are sincerely proud of having such patriotic engineers and railway engineering experts in our country. Zhan Tianyou is an example for us to learn from. We think: Today, we should study hard so that we can make contributions to the motherland like Zhan Tianyou in the future.
Historical background
During the construction of the railway bridge over Luanhe River on the Jin-Yu Railway, engineers from Britain, Japan and France all failed to command piling. Zhan Tianyou adopted China Weitong method to cooperate with machines for piling, which was successful.
Xinyi Railway is the beginning of China's self-repair railway by engineers. Zhan Tianyou was completed in four months, two months ahead of schedule, which was appreciated by Empress Dowager Cixi and Yuan Shikai.
The Beijing-Zhangjiakou Railway was decided to be built by China due to the deadlock between Britain and Russia over the right to build roads. Foreigners scoffed at China's "overreaching" and "audacity", and Zhan Tianyou was determined to win honor for the country, with careful measurement and careful design and construction. When two tunnels, Juyongguan and Badaling, were dug, Zhan Tianyou creatively adopted the construction method of digging at both ends and opening the shaft in the middle, without the difficulties of new mountain cutters, pumps and ventilators, which successfully solved the problem. Badaling, with steep terrain and steep slope, is designed as a "man" route to make the train run smoothly. When driving, the car was disconnected, and an automatic hook was imitated, which was called "God Blessed Hook". This railway is planned for six years and completed in four years, saving investment of more than 28, taels of silver. It was regarded as a miracle by foreign engineers at that time.
about the background of the Beijing-Zhangjiakou Railway Construction In 184, after the Opium War between China and Britain, China gradually became a semi-colonial and semi-feudal society from a feudal society. In 1895, after the defeat of the Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895, it was forced to sign the Sino-Japanese treaty of shimonoseki. Since then, the imperialist powers have stepped up their economic aggression against China by opening banks, forcing loans, investing in railways, and opening mines and factories. Among them, from 1895 to 1899, the imperialist countries seized nearly 1, kilometers of railway construction rights in China. Wherever the railways controlled by imperialism are built, their claws of aggression extend. Near the railway, imperialist powers competed to set up factories and mines to plunder China's resources. By the end of the 19th century, the struggle for railway rights among the great powers became more intense, and even the Qing government was threatened by force. The Qing government, which originally planned to build its own railways, was helpless in the face of the struggle of the great powers and had to hand over the right to build one railway after another to foreign countries. The great powers invested in building railways in China, which not only gained huge economic benefits, but also attached various conditions, including controlling railways and areas along the railway lines, and transporting troops.
We know the historical background at that time: the Qing government was corrupt and incompetent, and China was invaded and bullied by many imperialists. From this, we have further realized what a great person Zhan Tianyou is. In the face of all kinds of difficulties, he still accomplished his task brilliantly, adding glory to the country.