What does villa mean?
Villas are villas, garden residences built in suburbs or scenic areas for recreation.
It is a residence used to enjoy life outside the home. It is a second residence rather than the first residence.
Nowadays, it is generally understood that in addition to the basic function of "living", a high-end residence that mainly embodies the quality of life and enjoyment characteristics is now generally understood as an independent manor-style residence.
1. Concept villa (villa) (biéshù) English name: villadom forest villa (1) basically explains the garden residence built in the suburbs or scenic areas for recreation.
That is, a separate property is a residence used to enjoy life besides the home. It is a second residence rather than the first residence.
Tracing back to its origin, there is no clear starting point in time. Villas appeared very early in ancient my country. The large ones include the palaces of emperors and the residences of generals and ministers, and the smaller ones include wealthy businessmen, landlords and gentry. villas and manors.
The appearance of villas in foreign countries has a long history. Villas in the modern sense are mainly based on the development concepts of foreign industries.
According to their geographical location and functions, they are divided into: mountain villas (including forest villas), waterside (river, lake, sea) villas, pasture (grassland) villas, manor-style villas Villas etc.
Mostly built in the suburbs or scenic spots, they were called villas or villas in ancient China. In the 3rd century, stepped villas appeared on the hillside in Italy.
Villas appeared in the Western Jin Dynasty in China, such as the Jingu Villa in Shichong, Luoyang.
In addition, famous villas in the past include Wangchuan Villa by Wang Wei in Lantian in the Tang Dynasty, Humble Administrator's Garden in Suzhou in the Ming Dynasty, Jin_ Villa in Hangzhou in the Qing Dynasty and Shaoyuan Villa in Beijing.
The most distinctive villas in modern times include: Fallingwater designed by Wright, Villa Savoye designed by Le Corbusier, etc.
The key points of villa design are: adapting to the scenery and local conditions, flexible layout, light body and simple structure.
Really speaking, the earliest villa in China was called Bieye, and the word "other" means second.
In foreign countries, the first residence is called a house, and the second residence is called a villa.
When villa first appeared in China, it was often translated into three types. Sometimes it was called a villa, sometimes it was called a manor, and sometimes it was called a castle. No matter how it was translated, it was a synonym for independent manor life abroad. .
During the Ming Dynasty in China, the name villa was often seen. Ming Wangduo's "Prince Shaobao's Minister of Military Affairs Jieduan Yuan Gong's Shinto Stele" states: "The Duke (Yuan Keli) camped the villa in Moutuogang. Entertaining two people.
" When there were more villas, one manor joined another manor to form a manor area, which was the original form of the villa area.
Compared with ordinary houses, villas have many differences apart from similar basic functions. A villa is a poetic residence that represents a certain ideal of human beings.
(2) Modern meaning What we often call "villa" actually covers two property types in foreign countries: one is HOUSE and the other is VILLA, which actually generally refers to single-family residences.
If translated literally, HOUSE should be "house, residence"; and VILLA should be "villa".
In fact, most of the villas sold in our domestic real estate market are not VILLA, but HOUSE.
So, how to distinguish VILLA and HOUSE? Simply put, VILLA is a SECONDHOME, which is a second residence; and HOUSE is a first residence, which is a home.
In traditional Chinese architecture, villas are mostly represented as private gardens.
It was first called "bieye" in China, and literally it can be understood as the second property.
From this point of view, the definition of ancient Chinese villas and foreign villas is the same.
Therefore, compared with HOUSE, VILLA is an ideal, while HOUSE is a reality.
When designing a HOUSE, we think more about how the layout should be reasonable, how clear the partitions should be, how many people should live in the home, where to put things, where to park the car, and everything is related to the pots and pans. It matters - this is life at home.
When designing a VILLA, the most important thing is to see whether it meets our ideals: if being close to the water is your ideal, then it depends on whether the VILLA spans the water; if mountaineering is your ideal If you have the ideal, you can simply design the walls of the VILLA to be the original rocks. It is the best portrayal of VILLA life.
So, HOUSE is built in or near the city, while VILLA is built in the mountains and wilderness.
According to Chinese language, "villa" refers to a house in the wild, and "villa" refers to another house, which is a second residence.
2. Classification (1) Architectural form Villas are divided into the following five types: independent villas, townhouses, duplex villas, stacked villas, and sky villas.
(2) A single-family villa is a single-family house with an independent space above and a private garden area below. It is a highly private single villa. It is characterized by the fact that the upper, lower, left, and rear are independent spaces. Generally, the house There are green spaces and courtyards of varying sizes around.
This type is the oldest type of villa with strong privacy and high market price. It is also the ultimate form of villa architecture.
(3) Duplex villa It is an intermediate product between joint villas and single-family villas. It is a single-family villa composed of two unit villas joined together.
The 2-PAC villa that is more popular in the United States is a duplex villa.
It reduces the density of the community, increases the lighting surface of the residence, and gives it a wider outdoor space.
Double-detached villas basically have lighting from three sides. The outer bedrooms usually have more than two lighting surfaces. Generally speaking, there are more windows and the ventilation will not be bad. The important thing is lighting and viewing.
(4) A townhouse is a Townhouse
, which has its own yard and garage.
It consists of three or more unit residences, connected together on two to four floors in a row. Each unit has its own exterior wall, a unified plane design and an independent portal.
Townhouse villas are one of the forms that most economical villas take.
(5) Stacked villa It is an extension of the townhouse style, between villas and apartments. It is composed of multi-story villa-style duplex residences stacked up and down.
Generally four to seven floors, each unit is composed of two to three floors of villas stacked up and down. Compared with townhouses, this kind of bay can have a richer independent surface shape, and at the same time overcomes the problem to a certain extent. Disadvantages of townhouses with narrow depth.
(6) Penthouse. Penthouse originated in the United States. It is called "penthouse" or "loft in the sky". It originally refers to a mansion located at the top of a high-rise building in the center of the city.
It is generally understood that it is a large-scale duplex/penthouse in the form of a villa built on the top of an apartment or high-rise building.
Leap house.
The product is required to meet the basic requirements of the villa's full landscape, good location, broad vision, transparency, etc.
Therefore, compared with HOUSE, VILLA is an ideal, while HOUSE is a reality.
When designing a HOUSE, we think more about how the layout should be reasonable, how clear the partitions should be, how many people should live in the home, where to put things, where to park the car, and everything is related to the pots and pans. It matters - this is life at home.
When designing a VILLA, the most important thing is to see whether it meets our ideals: if being close to the water is your ideal, then it depends on whether the VILLA spans the water; if mountaineering is your ideal If you have the ideal, you can simply design the walls of VILLA to be the original rocks. It is the best portrayal of VILLA life.
So, HOUSE is built in or near the city, while VILLA is built in the mountains and wilderness.
According to Chinese language, "villa" refers to a house in the wild, and "villa" refers to another house, that is, a second residence.
3. Architectural style From the perspective of architectural form, the appearance and shape of villas have long broken regional and national boundaries. Almost all the excellent villa architectural styles from all over the world are reflected in the Chinese villa market.
In fact, the classification of architectural styles is very complicated from an architectural perspective, but according to the domestic market, the ones currently popular in the market are roughly: ( 1) Traditional Chinese garden style (Chinese villa) Chinese garden architectural art is the most distinctive in world culture. It develops together with other categories of Chinese traditional culture and is an important part of Chinese traditional culture.
It has experienced a historical development process of more than two thousand years and has extremely rich literary and aesthetic connotations.
Its development can be roughly divided into three periods: the "natural period" in the pre-Qin and Qin-Han periods. This period is the development period from "environment" to "yuan", which is characterized by a wide area of area and engineering projects. The vastness and artificial facilities increased; during the formation period of classical gardens in the Tang and Song Dynasties, the development process of Chinese gardens began in the Han Dynasty. After the transition from the Eastern Han Dynasty, the Three Kingdoms, the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties to the Sui Dynasty to unify China, the development of gardens showed two characteristics. One is that In the construction of the garden, attention was paid to the functions of amusement and scenery appreciation; secondly, the development of painting technology and the development of gardening art promoted each other.
The outstanding achievement during the formation period was the combination of gardening with literature and painting.
The Ming and Qing Dynasties were the heyday of Chinese classical gardens. By now, Chinese garden architectural art had three characteristics: full functionality, multiple forms, and artistry.
(2) Japanese style (Japanese villa) Japanese design style is directly influenced by Japanese architecture and pays attention to the flow and separation of space. The flow is one room, and the separation is divided into several functional spaces. The space always allows people to think quietly and have endless Zen.
Traditional Japanese-style homes use a large number of natural materials in the decoration and decoration of the living room. They do not promote luxury and splendor. They take elegance, moderation, and profound Zen as their realm, and pay attention to practical functions.
The Japanese style is particularly able to integrate with nature. It borrows the external natural scenery to bring infinite vitality to the interior. It also pays special attention to the natural texture in the selection of materials, so as to communicate intimately with nature and have fun.
(3) The traditional European aristocratic style (European villa) The traditional European style became popular in Europe in the 17th century, emphasizing changes in linear flow and gorgeous colors.
It is based on romanticism in form. The decoration materials are commonly marble, colorful fabrics, exquisite carpets, and exquisite French wall hangings. The entire style is luxurious, gorgeous, and full of strong dynamic effects.
The other is the Rococo style, which likes to be decorated with light and slender curves. The effect is elegant and friendly. European royal nobles prefer this style.
(4) North American style (American villa) The North American style developed in China is more reflected in the villa business. North American villas have developed into a simple and elegant style that also integrates various architectural essences. The unique style of the whole body fully embodies the characteristics of simplicity, elegance and relaxation. It is very user-friendly and very popular in the villa market. Today, when the villa market is flourishing, North American style still occupies the dominant position in the market.
(5) Modern style Modern style is a relatively popular style that pursues fashion and trends and pays great attention to the perfect combination of the layout of the living room space and the use of functions.
Modernism, also known as functionalism, is a product of industrial society. Its earliest representative is the Bauhaus school founded in Weimar, Germany.
The theme is: to create an environment that enables artists to accept the most labor-saving environment of modern production---a mechanical environment.
This idea of technical aesthetics is the biggest influence on interior decoration in this century.
4. China's development In recent years, with the country's macro-control of urban construction, the increase in national income, the rapid construction of highways and light rail systems, especially the rapid rise of high-end consumer groups, their demand for The pursuit of a deeper level of life has greatly promoted the process of residential suburbanization.
The so-called deep pursuit of life is nothing more than being able to breathe fresh air every day, enjoy a quiet environment, and have a sky where you can release your body and mind at will.
The rise of low-density villa areas in suburbs just caters to this point.
China's villas have developed to 2005, showing rich content at multiple levels.
During this period, the style, positioning, quality, operation methods and other characteristics of the villa became increasingly clear.
In 2006, the state continued to stop the supply of land for low-density residential construction such as villas, and took measures to strictly investigate villa land that was still being approved in violation of regulations.
As of the end of the third quarter of 2005, the country had supplied approximately 37,000 hectares of land for commercial housing construction, of which approximately 30% was for general commercial housing, approximately 10% was for affordable housing, and villas and high-end apartments accounted for approximately 10%. The land area accounts for about 0.16%.
But in fact, the number of villas and high-end apartments that have been approved and are being approved across the country is much higher than this ratio.
Compared with 2005, the villa market in 2006 did not fluctuate much.
The villa market did not experience a particularly large volume in 2006, and many projects were promoted later.
In terms of price, the prices of high-quality projects have increased, but not significantly.
The market situation of villa products with poor positioning or quality has not changed.
In the vast rural areas, if villas are designed, they can save more land, make full use of space, and have a more solid structure.
The development and current situation of Chinese villas in the past ten years has evolved from the simple understanding that a separate courtyard where parking can be parked is a villa, to later imitation and copying of Western-style villas, to the introduction of Western culture for improvements and adjustments. It took 10 years to develop some villas that combined Chinese and Western styles into today's Chinese-style villas.
China's villa market has also gradually subdivided, and there is a phenomenon of hot at two ends and cold in the middle. Economic villas and villas are coming fiercely, showing a trend of competing with each other.
As villa consumers become increasingly mature and the country improves its macroeconomic control policies, the villa market becomes more rational.
Chinese villas have developed from a commodity in short supply to a process of continuous and concrete realization of the living ideals of modern urbanites.
From commodity to ideal, it confirms the important development process of Chinese villas in the past 10 years.