Siheyuan and Hutong Siheyuan are the floorboards of traditional houses in the north, with the main house, inverted house and east-west wing surrounding the Intermediate People's Court to form a plane layout. The quadrangle in Beijing originated from the quadrangle in Yuan Dynasty, which is the most important residential building in old Beijing. The narrow hutong formed between quadrangles with blue tiles and gray bricks is the famous old Beijing hutong. Fayuan Temple, a temple in Beijing, is all over the capital. The existing famous temples are Fayuan Temple, Tanzhe Temple, Jietai Temple, Yunju Temple and Badachu Temple of Buddhism. Taoist Baiyun temple, etc. Islam, niujie Worship Temple, etc. The Lama Temple of Tibetan Buddhism (Lamaism), the Catholic Church of Forty Stores, the Catholic Church of Wangfujing, etc. Christian Gangwa Church, Chongwenmen Church, etc. Central Axis Beijing Central Axis refers to the central axis of Beijing in Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, and Beijing's urban planning is characterized by symmetry around Miyagi. The central axis of Beijing starts from Yongdingmen in the south and ends at the Bell and Drum Tower in the north, with a length of about 7.8 kilometers. From south to north are Yongdingmen, Qianmen Arrow Tower, Zhengyangmen, Zhonghua Gate, Tiananmen Gate, Duanmen, Wumen Gate, Forbidden City, Shenwumen, Jingshan, Di 'anmen, Houmenqiao, Drum Tower and Bell Tower. From Yongdingmen, the southern end of this central axis, there are the Temple of Heaven and the Xiannongtan. Ancestral temples and social altars; Donghuamen and Xihuamen; Andingmen and Deshengmen are symmetrically distributed with the central axis. Mr. Liang Sicheng, a famous architect in China, once said: "The unique grand order of Beijing is produced by the establishment of this central axis." Yongdingmen Gate, Zhonghua Gate and Di 'anmen Gate were all demolished after the founding of the People's Republic of China, and Yongdingmen Gate Tower was rebuilt in recent years. Qianmen Street, the "Tianjie" of the Ming Dynasty, was built at 1550. Beijing Castle is the general name of the capital defense buildings in the last two dynasties in China history. It consists of Miyagi, Imperial City, Inner City and Outer City, including city walls, city gates, urn, watchtowers, enemy towers, moats and many other facilities. It was once the most complete ancient city defense system in China. Beijing city gate is the general name of Beijing city gate in Ming and Qing Dynasties. According to the different grades and building specifications, it is divided into four categories: Gongchengmen, Huangchengmen, Inner Chengmen and Outer Chengmen. In Ming and Qing Dynasties, there were four gates of Miyagi (called six), four gates of Imperial City (called six or seven), nine gates of inner city and seven gates of outer city in Beijing. There is a folk saying that there are nine doors inside and seven doors outside. After the demise of the Qing Dynasty, Beijing was gradually demolished. Except for Miyagi, only Tiananmen Square was retained, and only Zhengyangmen, Deshengmen archway, Southeast Corner and Chongwenmen were left in the inner city. All the outer cities were destroyed and only Yongdingmen was rebuilt. Peking Opera Peking Opera is the quintessence of China. The origin of Beijing Opera can be traced back to several ancient local dramas. 1790, the four major local operas in Anhui-Sanqing, Sixi, Chungong and Chunchun-were performed in Beijing and achieved unprecedented success. Huiban often cooperates with artists in Hubei, so a new kind of drama was born, which is based on the Hui tune "Huang Er" and the Han tune "Xipi" and combines the essence of local dramas such as Kunqu Opera, Shaanxi Opera and Bangzi. This is Beijing Opera. In the course of 200 years' development, Beijing opera is more and more like Beijing in lyrics, intonation and rhythm. The erhu, Jinghu and other musical instruments used also integrate the characteristics of many ethnic groups and eventually become a mature art. Beijing opera is an art that combines singing, dancing, martial arts, music, art and literature. It is similar to western opera, so it is called "Beijing Opera" by westerners. Shizeng Zhang, a traditional arts and crafts artist from China: Originally named Shi Zeng, now lives in Beijing. Shizeng Zhang, the great disciple of Fan Ceng, a master of calligraphy and painting, is a historical precedent for painting into books, and he is the leader of China classical traditional figure painting. Eight Views of Yanjing Eight Views of Yanjing refer to the eight old landscapes in Beijing, including Jimen Smoky Tree (West Tucheng), Lugou Xiaoyue (Lugou Bridge), Jintai Zhao Xi (Jintai Road), Qiongdao Chunyin (Beihai Park), Juyong Diecui (Badaling), Taiyou Qiufeng (Zhongnanhai), Yuquan Tu Tu (Yuquan Mountain) and Xishan Qing Xue (Xishan Qing Xue). The Eight Scenes in Beijing were first mentioned in the ancient book Ming Chang Yi in the Jin Dynasty. Later, the Eight Scenes of Yanjing were mentioned in local chronicles such as Wanbu Miscellanies (Ming) and Chronicle of Chen Yuan (Qing). The early Eight Scenes are slightly different from the old age. During the Qianlong period of Qing Dynasty, Emperor Qianlong personally presided over the revision of the Eight Scenes of Yanjing and ordered the monument to be built for the Eight Scenes of Yanjing.
prescribe a diet
Beijing is the eighth largest "food city" in the world, ranking first in the mainland. Beijing's flavor snacks have a long history, a wide variety, exquisite materials and fine production, and are famous far and near. "Du Men Zhu Zhi Ci" in the Qing Dynasty said: "The three big money sell flowers, cut cakes, and have a bowl of sweet porridge in the morning before eating tea and noodles; Sweet-eared frozen fruit fried cake, baked sesame seed cake hanging on the stove loves to nest, and the fork that has just been fired is called Bobo. The wonton of steamed dumplings is full of vegetables, and the newly added dumplings are good ... "These snacks are sold at temple fairs or street fairs, and people will come across them by accident, which is vividly called" eating "in old Beijing. The representatives of Beijing-style snacks include bean juice, bean-flavored noodles, sour plum soup, tea soup, steamed stuffed bun, tuckahoe cake, preserved fruit, candied haws, Aiwowo, pea yellow, snowballing, enema, fried belly, fried liver and so on.
Beijing's cultural life is rich and colorful, and various performances and international exhibitions emerge one after another. Beijing Opera, known as the "national quintessence" of China, has a history of more than 200 years. Its gorgeous costumes, beautiful singing and ever-changing facial makeup are impressive. The famous National Grand Theatre, Chang 'an Grand Theatre, Huguang Hall, Laoshe Teahouse, China Peking Opera Theatre, Mei Lanfang Grand Theatre, poly theatre and other places often have traditional Peking Opera performances in Wangfujing Street. The nightlife in Beijing is equally wonderful. Houhai, Sanlitun and Nanluoguxiang Bar Street are all good places.
Scenic spots/tourist attractions
Beijing is the city with the largest number of world heritage sites (6 sites) and the first capital city with a world geological park. Beijing is rich in tourism resources, with more than 200 tourist attractions open to the outside world, including the world's largest Forbidden City, the Forbidden City, the Temple of Heaven, the Royal Garden Beihai, the Royal Garden Summer Palace and Yuanmingyuan, as well as Badaling Great Wall, Mutianyu Great Wall and Gongwangfu, the world's largest quadrangle. There are 7309 cultural relics in the city, 99 national key cultural relics protection units (including the Great Wall and the Beijing section of the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal), 326 municipal cultural relics protection units, 5 national geological parks and 0/5 national forest parks. World Cultural Heritage Forbidden City, Great Wall, Zhoukoudian Peking Man Site, Temple of Heaven, Summer Palace, Ming Tombs World Geopark Beijing Fangshan World Geopark National Scenic Area Badaling Great Wall: Badaling-Ming Tombs, Shihuadong National Historical and Cultural City, China Historical and Cultural Street, Beijing Guozijian Street, China Historical and Cultural Town, Gubeikou Town, Miyun County, Mentougou District: Zen Underground Village, Lingshui Village, Liuliqu Village of Longquan Town, China World. Beijing Yunju Temple Pagoda, Tibetan Sutra Cave and Stone Sutra; Beijing Ancient Observatory; Beihai Park; Lugou Bridge
Customized specialty
Beijing is one of the four ancient capitals in China. There are many local folk customs: Beijing snacks, Peking Opera, Jingyun drum, cross talk, stage play, iron plate fast book, cloisonne, tooth carving, hairy monkey, Qi Diao, cricket and cricket cage, sugar blower, dough mixer and so on.
museum
Beijing is the "Museum Capital", with the registered museum 15 1, ranking second in the world (after London). The National Museum is the largest museum in the world. The Forbidden City is one of the five largest museums in the world. Capital Museum, China Millennium Monument, Beijing Planetarium, China Science and Technology Museum, Natural Museum, China Art Museum, War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression Memorial Hall, Military Museum, Aviation Museum, etc.
Modern culture
798 Art District, Beijing Music Festival, Tango, Goods, Baby Face, Banana Dance Club, Tang Hui, Sanlitun Bar Street, Houhai Bar Street, Nanluoguxiang, Lost in Beijing, Subway Passengers, Beijing Fashion Map, SOHO, etc.