The reasons and significance of Emperor Xiaowen's reform and moving the capital to Luoyang in the Northern Wei Dynasty.

(2) Reason: "Nothing to do with the Han nationality", that is, learning the advanced culture of the Han nationality; Pingcheng is a "useful place" and not suitable for political reform; It is difficult to "change customs"; The Yellow River Basin has always been a place where emperors have risen, which is conducive to strengthening control over the Central Plains. Established. Objective reasons: there is a trend of great ethnic integration in the north; The climate in Pingcheng is bad, and the grain produced can't meet the demand of Beijing; The combination of rigidity and softness of the northern minorities also threatened the Northern Wei Dynasty. The conservative forces in Pingcheng are very strong.

(3) Resistance: Many Xianbei nobles strongly opposed it. Countermeasures: Set up a clever plan to force the opposition to agree to move the capital in the name of cutting Qi south.

(4) After the Northern Wei Dynasty moved its capital, Luoyang once again became the political and economic center of the North; The planning and layout of Luoyang City in the Northern Wei Dynasty had a great influence on the urban construction of later generations. Emperor Xiaowen's move to the capital ensured the deepening of Emperor Xiaowen's reform, which was conducive to the integration of Hu culture and the further development of Chinese civilization.