Appreciation of poetry in the prosperous Tang Dynasty
Poems about the prosperous Tang Dynasty 1. Poetry in the prosperous Tang dynasty
The prosperous Tang Dynasty refers to the Kaiyuan and Tianbao periods, which lasted for more than 50 years.
During this period, the national strength of the Tang Dynasty was strong, the economy was prosperous, and the literati were full of hope, optimistic and extremely active. The infinite richness and vastness of real life have broadened the poet's horizons and mind.
Many famous poets appeared at the same time, which made poetry creation shine brilliantly and formed the heyday of Tang poetry. Poetry in the prosperous Tang Dynasty is extremely rich in content, among which frontier wars and pastoral landscapes account for a considerable proportion.
Many poets often have a life experience of frontier fortress joining the army. They describe the magnificent scene of the frontier fortress, express the ideal of making contributions, express the lofty sentiments of patriotism, reflect the hardships of fighting life, expose the arrogance and extravagance of rulers, open up the field of poetry themes and strengthen the reality. Among these poets, Gao Shi, Cen Can, Li Jie, Wang Changling, Cui Hao and Wang Zhihuan are the most famous. Their works are full of atmosphere and tragic artistic conception, and most of them take the form of seven-character songs or seven-character quatrains.
Gao Shi and Cen Can have the highest achievements in frontier poems, and the frontier poetry school in Tang Dynasty is also called "Gao Cen Poetry School". Gao Shi's representative works include Ge Yanxing, Chicken Menxing, Cezanne, Xia Sai Qu, Chicken in the Work, etc. Representative works include Song of Farewell to General Feng of the Western Expedition, Song of Farewell to General Feng of the Western Expedition, Song of Farewell to the Wheel Tower of the Western Expedition, and Song of Farewell to the Military Commander's Return to His Hometown.
Both Gao Shi's and Cen Can's poems are based on the theme of "tragic", but due to the differences in life experience, personality, literary thoughts and origins, their poems are obviously different: "tragic, tragic, but profound" (Wang Shizhen's Continued Biography of Teachers and Friends). Gao Shi is good at reflecting the sufferings of the military and civilians, exposing the reality, writing rigorously, expressing his feelings directly, and touching people with popular language; Cen Can is good at eulogizing victory, describing wonderland, expressing lofty sentiments, expressing affection with scenery and moving with strange words.
At that time, Wang Changling was known as "the poet's son of heaven". In addition to frontier fortress poems, he also wrote palace resentment poems and farewell poems. He is also a master of seven paragraphs, and can express rich thoughts and feelings in incisive language, which is meaningful.
During the prosperous Tang Dynasty, there were many poets who were famous for their pastoral poems, mainly including Wang Wei, Meng Haoran, Chu Guangxi, Chang Jian and Zuyong, among whom Wang Wei and Meng Haoran had the highest achievements. Wang Wei's representative works include Wei Shui Farmhouse, My Retreat in Zhongnanshan, Chai Lu, Zhuliguan, Wei Cheng Qu, Autumn Night in the Deep Mountains, etc. These are landscape poems with pictures in them, which shows the great development of this school of poetry in the Tang Dynasty.
It is not comprehensive to describe Wang Wei as a landscape poet. There are many other chapters in his theme, such as the urgency of frontier defense in the form of Longxi, the generosity and patriotic enthusiasm of the old general, the spectacular frontier fortress and the excitement of the general in Hunting Watch, and the feelings of parting and lovesickness in Acacia, which is a masterpiece with healthy content and exquisite art. Meng Haoran and Wang Wei also said that his pastoral poems, such as Autumn Mount Zhang Wushan, Passing Old People's Village and Spring Dawn, are light in color, deep in artistic conception, unique and widely read by people.
Li Bai and Du Fu marked the highest achievement of poetry in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. Li Bai is a great scarecrow poet and Du Fu is a great realistic poet. Their creation is not only the peak of Tang poetry, but also the peak of China's classical poetry. There are more than 900 existing poems by Li Bai, which are rich in content. Most of his famous works were written before the Anshi Rebellion, and some were written after the Anshi Rebellion. Among them, there are profound expositions of dark politics, severe reprimands of resistance forces, real reflections on the sufferings of people's livelihood, descriptions of the grand plan of saving the world, the pursuit of individual freedom and liberation, the eulogy of love and friendship, and the praise of the great rivers and mountains of the motherland.
Representative works before the Anshi Rebellion include Long March, Difficult Road to Shu, Midnight Wu Ge, it is hard to go, Climbing Mount Tianmu in a Dream, Fighting in the North, Going to Wine, Farewell, Popular in the North, and Farewell to Secretary Shu Yun in Xie Tiao Village of Xuanzhou. The representative works after the Anshi Rebellion include Antique and Westbound Lotus Mountain. Li Bai's poems and songs are profound and profound, and his feelings pour into thousands of miles. Idealism, rebellious spirit and heroism constitute the ideological basis of romanticism.
He is good at using bold, enthusiastic and exaggerated language, galloping fantasy with myths and legends, creating magnificent artistic conception and huge artistic image, and forming a unique unrestrained artistic style. In a word, Li Bai greatly broadened the aesthetic realm of poetry, developed the romantic tradition of classical poetry and its expressive art, and reached the glorious peak of romanticism in China's classical poetry.
Du Fu, a great realistic poet who is as famous as Li Bai, reflects the social reality in the transition period from the prosperous Tang Dynasty to the middle Tang Dynasty. Li Bai's poems and songs are mainly the portrayal of the brewing period of An Shi Rebellion, while Du Fu's works are the "history of poetry" in turbulent times.
Before the Anshi Rebellion, Du Fu wrote such famous articles as Car Shop, Second Way, Five Hundred Words of Love from Beijing to Fengxian, which exposed the profligacy, political corruption, exploitation and oppression of the upper ruling group and profoundly revealed his hidden worries about the current situation. After the Anshi Rebellion, he suffered from desertion, and wrote such famous works as Moonlit Night, Spring Hope, Aijiangtou, Sad Chen Tao, Qiang Village, Northern Expedition, Three Officials and Three Farewells.
Later, in the process of escaping and wandering, he wrote some excellent works, such as "The Hut was Blown by Autumn Wind", "The banks of the Yellow River were recaptured by the imperial army", "Wu Lang again" and "Sui Yanxing". Du Fu's poems faithfully recorded the turmoil of the country and the sufferings of the people, and expressed deep sympathy for the persecuted people, which became the first voice of Bai Juyi and others advocating the new Yuefu movement.
He is good at combining current affairs and politics with personal experience. He has a typical summary of life scenes and a strong expression of subjective feelings. He combines reason, things and feelings in one furnace, and is deeply pregnant, forming a unique depressed and frustrated style. In the development of China's realistic poetry, Du Fu plays an important role in connecting the past with the future.
The realistic tradition of China's poetry began with the folk songs of the Zhou Dynasty, which was inherited and developed by Yuefu folk songs and Jian 'an poems in the two Han Dynasties, but it was not until Chen Ziang swept the poetic style of Qi and Liang Dynasties in the early Tang Dynasty that this tradition was further developed.
2. During the prosperous Tang Dynasty, what were the poems praising the prosperous times?
1. Recalling the past, the first emperor toured the north and rode thousands of miles into Xianyang. A bloody horse,
2. The dragon drove east to Huhu, Tibet. It is not surprising that Yecheng has been repeated, and the children in Guanzhong are bad.
Zhang Hou is unhappy. It's still a mess, and it's hard to make up.
I used to be a servant, so it is impossible to send troops to clean it. In order not to let the brave stay in the center, it caused the defense of Xiqiang.
5. Dogs come straight to the Imperial Forest, and officials follow the king.
6. I would like to see Fu Jiezi in the north, but I don't need Shang Shulang, an old Confucian.
7. Recalling the heyday of Kaiyuan, Xiaoyan still hides thousands of families. Rice is oily and millet is white.
8. Both public and private warehouses are abundant. There are no wolves and tigers on the road in Kyushu, which is a good day to travel.
9. Wan Qilu's drama "Car Class", male ploughing female mulberry. The sage in the palace plays the cloud gate.
10. All the friends in the world are stuck. There has been no catastrophe for more than 100 years, and Uncle Sun has learned Xiao He's law.
1 1. Have you ever heard that a silk is worth 10,000 yuan, and there are still fields bleeding today? Luoyang Palace was burnt down.
12. The ancestral temple removed the new points of fox and rabbit. I can't bear to ask my age, but I'm afraid I'll leave at the beginning.
13. Lu, a junior minister, is incompetent and the official title of the court. Zhou Xuan looked up to my emperor.
3. Who were the poets in the prosperous Tang Dynasty?
1. Poets in the Tang Dynasty: Li Bai, Du Fu, Zhang Jiuling, Wang Wei, Meng Haoran, Huang Furan, Wang Changling, He, Wang Zhihuan, Gu Kuang, Yuan Zhen, Liu Changqing,,, Gao Shi, Huang Furan, Zuyong, Wang Han, Qian Qi, Qi.
Second, the poet profile (excerpt):
1, Li Bai:
Li Bai (70 1 -762), whose real name is Taibai, also known as "purple laity" and "fallen fairy", was a great romantic poet in the Tang Dynasty, and was praised as "poetic fairy" by later generations, and was also called "Du Li" with Du Fu. In order to distinguish himself from two other poets, Li Shangyin and Du Mu, that is, "Little Du Li", Du Fu and Li Bai merged again. He is cheerful and generous, loves to drink and write poems, and likes to make friends.
Li Bai was deeply influenced by Huang Lao's idea of sorting out villages. Li Taibai's poems have been handed down from generation to generation, and most of his poems were written when he was drunk. His representative works include Looking at Lushan Waterfall, it is hard to go, Difficult Road to Shu, Entering Wine, Liang, First Sending Baidicheng, etc.
2. Du Fu:
Du Fu (A.D. 7 12- A.D. 770) was born in Xiangyang, Han nationality, and then moved to Gong County, Henan Province. A great realistic poet in the Tang Dynasty, who claimed to be a young man at night, was called "Du Li" together with Li Bai. In order to distinguish Li Shangyin, Du Mu and Xiao Du Li, Du Fu and Li Bai are also called Da Du Li, and Du Fu is often called Lao Du.
Du Fu's influence on China's classical poetry is far-reaching, and he is called "the sage of poetry" by later generations, and his poems are called "the history of poetry". Later generations called him Du Shiyi and Du Gongbu, and also called him Du Shaoling and Du Caotang.
Du Fu wrote such famous works as Spring Hope, Northern Expedition, Three Officials and Three Farewells. In 759, Du Fu abandoned his official position and went to Sichuan. Although he fled the war and lived a relatively stable life, he still cared about his life and managed state affairs. Although Du Fu is a realistic poet, he also has a wild and unruly side. It is not difficult to see Du Fu's heroism and dry clouds from his masterpiece Song of Drinking Eight Immortals.
3. Wang Wei:
Wang Wei (70 1 -76 1, 699-76 1) was born in Zhou Pu, Hedong (now Yuncheng, Shanxi), and his ancestral home was Qixian, Shanxi. A famous poet and painter in the Tang Dynasty, the word "Mo Mo" was named "Mo Mo Ju Shi".
Wang Wei was born in the royal family of Hedong, and was the number one scholar in the 19th year of Kaiyuan (73 1). Li Guan right gleaned, supervised the remonstrance, and made our time in Hexi. During the Tianbao period of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, Wang Wei worshipped the official department as a doctor and servant. When An Lushan captured Chang 'an, Wang Wei was forced to take a false post. After Chang 'an was recovered, he was accused of granting Prince Zhongyun. In the first year of Tang Suzong's rule, he was appointed as a senior minister, so he was called "Wang Youcheng".
Wang Wei is proficient in poetry, calligraphy, painting and music. He is famous for his poems, especially his five words, which praise the landscape and countryside. Together with Meng Haoran, he was called "Wang Meng" and "Shi Fo". Calligraphy and painting are particularly wonderful, and later generations promoted it to the ancestor of Nanzong landscape painting. Su Shi commented: "Poetry is full of paintings; Look at the picture, there are poems in the picture. " There are more than 400 poems, including Acacia and Autumn Night in the Mountain. His works include The Collection of Wang Youcheng's Works and The Secret of Painting.
4. Poems describing the prosperous Tang Dynasty
Liu Yuxi: Wuyi Lane
There are some weeds blooming by the Suzaku Bridge, and there is only sunset at the corner of Wuyi Lane.
Swallows under the eaves of Wang Dao and Xie An have now flown into the homes of ordinary people.
Author: Du Fu
Works: Two Memories of the Past
Back in the heyday of Kaiyuan, there were thousands of families in the small town. Rice is fat and white, and public and private warehouses are rich.
There are no wolves and tigers on the road in Kyushu, which is a good day to travel. Wan Qi, Lu Mao, driver class, male plow female mulberry.
The sage in the palace plays the cloud gate, and all friends in the world are sticky. There has been no catastrophe for more than 100 years, and Uncle Sun has learned Xiao He's law.
Do you smell a piece of silk worth 10 thousand yuan? Today, a field is bleeding. Luoyang Palace was burnt out, and the Fox and Rabbit Cave was newly demolished in the ancestral hall.
I can't bear to ask my age, but I'm afraid I'll leave at the beginning. My junior minister, Lu Chong, was powerless, and the imperial court remembered his official title.
Zhou Xuan zhongxing looked at my emperor, spilling blood and Jianghan's physical strength declined.
5. What are the poems describing the prosperous Tang Dynasty?
1, "Guest Travel" Tang-Li Bai Original: lanling wine tulip, jade bowl full of amber light.
But I got the host drunk and didn't know where it was. Lanling wine is sweet, just like tulips.
Xing lai is full of jade bowls, and amber light is crystal clear and charming. If the host provides such good wine, he will certainly take away guests from other places.
How can we tell where home is? 2, "Peach Blossom in Dalin Temple" Tang-Bai Juyi's original: the world blooms in April, and the peach blossoms in the mountain temple bloom. I want to find a place where my life is dying, but I don't know that it has been moved here.
In April, all the flowers have withered, and the peach blossoms in the ancient temple in the mountains have just bloomed. I often regret that spring has gone nowhere to look, but I don't know that it has come here.
3, "The Prodigal Son" Tang-Yi Lee Original: Women are ashamed of their husbands, and guests are ashamed of their masters. Meet with the crowd, and meet with shame.
You're not a bronze mirror, so what? Just because you don't touch clothes and dust doesn't mean that your heart is practicing.
Be a Rong Sheng in life, but don't get tired of being a scholar. You see how different the arrows are on the string when the day flies.
A woman's shame is due to her husband's contempt, and a guest's shame is due to her master's contempt. My experience, like these people, is that I can only bow my head and wander, ashamed to meet people who respect height.
You are not a bronze mirror. Why only look at the surface? Don't think my heart is as pure and noble as white practice just because there is dust on my clothes. When your life is at the peak of prosperity, don't be tired of people with low status.
Please watch the sunrise and sunset, time flies, and the arrow on the string is gone forever. What is the difference? 4. "Two Memories of Time Past" Tang-Du Fu Original: Memories of Time Past, the first emperor visited the north, and thousands of people rode into Xianyang. A bloody horse, Aozi Yinshan, drove East Lake into Tibet.
It is not surprising that Yecheng has been repeated, and the children in Guanzhong are bad. Zhang Hou doesn't like being busy. Even today, he still does things well and tries his best to make up for it.
I have served you, so it is imperative to send troops to clean you. In order not to let the brave stay in the center, it caused the defense of Xiqiang.
Dogs come straight to the imperial bed, and hundreds of officials follow the king. I want to see Fu Jiezi in the north, but I don't need to go to Shu Lang.
When Su Zong ascended the throne in Lingwu, he regained Guanzhong and regained the two cities of Beijing with Yinshan as his favorite Uighur soldier. Donghu Anqingxu rushed to Hebei to defend Yecheng, and Shi Siming sent troops to save Yecheng Anqingxu. It is expected that he will fall to revolt and return to Luoyang, Tokyo. All day long, Su Zong did not dare to please and trust Li, a villain in Guanzhong, and was afraid of Zhang Liangdi in the harem, which led to poor political discipline and chaos in the country. Today, Mr. Dai is still struggling to eliminate the platform.
When I was an official myself. Beside the emperor, he also took up his official position to worship his retinue. On behalf of his ancestors, he followed King Guangping to worship the marshal of the military forces in the world, and it was unstoppable to recover the two capitals.
Dai Zong listened to the slanderers of eunuch Cheng, seized the handle of the soldiers, and made the troops in Qiyong area thin, unable to stop the enemy from going abroad. As a result, the Tubo invaded, the two capitals fell, the treasures were burned and robbed, and the officials were in a mess, so they didn't have time to put on their shoes and fled to Shaanxi with Daizong.
When will a brave man like Fu Jiezi come to avenge the national humiliation? As long as the country can destroy Kou Zhongxing, it doesn't matter whether I do it or not. 5, "Two Memories of the Past" Tang Du Fu Original: Recalling the past of Kaiyuan, Xiaoyan still hides thousands of households.
Rice is fat and white, and public and private warehouses are rich. There are no wolves and tigers on the road in Kyushu, which is a good day to travel.
Wan Qi, Lu Mao, driver class, male plow female mulberry. The sage in the palace plays the cloud gate, and all the friends in the world are solid.
There has been no catastrophe for more than 100 years, and Uncle Sun has learned Xiao He's law. Do you smell a piece of silk worth 10 thousand yuan? Today, a field is bleeding.
Luoyang Palace was burnt out, and the Fox and Rabbit Cave was newly demolished in the ancestral hall. I can't bear to ask my age, but I'm afraid I'll leave at the beginning.
My junior minister, Lu Chong, was powerless, and the imperial court remembered his official title. Zhou Xuan zhongxing looked at my emperor and shed tears. Jianghan was exhausted.
As early as the heyday of Kaiyuan, small cities had a population of 10,000, rich agriculture, sufficient grain reserves and full warehouses for storing rice grains. Social order is stable, the world is peaceful, there are no bandits and thieves running rampant, there are no tigers on the roads, and the journey is safe. You can go out for a long trip at any time, so you don't have to choose a good day.
At that time, handicrafts and commerce were developed, and vendors' vehicles could be seen everywhere. Men plow women's mulberry, each doing his own thing and getting his place.
The emperor in the palace played music to worship heaven and earth, which was peaceful and peaceful. The social atmosphere is good, people are friendly and harmonious. There has been no serious disaster for more than one hundred years.
The country is rich and the people are strong, and politics is clear. Who knows that after the Anshi Rebellion, the countryside was deserted and the price was expensive, and a piece of silk cloth had to be sold for millions.
Luoyang's palace was burned to the ground, and Tubo also captured Chang 'an, occupied it for half a month, and Daizong quickly recovered two capitals. I dare not talk about the past with the old people, for fear that they will hurt each other from the Anshi Rebellion to two Beijing cities.
I am stupid and incompetent, but the court gave me the position of foreign minister in the supervision and correction department. I hope that the contemporary emperors can restore the politics of the early Zhou Dynasty like Zhou Xuanwang, and let the Zhou Dynasty restore the country like Zhongxing. I will be very excited in Bashu area where Jianghan flows.
6. Reflect the Tang poems in different periods of the Tang Dynasty
My personal summary is limited, hehe ~ but I hope I can help you. First of all, I must point out that your distinction between the four periods of Tang literature is incorrect, not "early Tang, middle Tang, prosperous Tang and backyard", but "early Tang, prosperous Tang, middle Tang and late Tang"
Four periods of Tang poetry
(A) Early Tang Dynasty
The representative writers in this period are "four outstanding writers in the early Tang Dynasty"-Wang Bo, Yang Jiong, Lu, Luo; In addition, there is Chen Ziang.
This is the preparation period for the prosperity of Tang poetry, and the poetry in the early days of the founding of the People's Republic of China in the Tang Dynasty is still developing along the inertia of poetry in the Southern Dynasties, which is soft, delicate and lifeless. The emergence of the "four masters" began to change this trend. They are brilliant, dissatisfied with the status quo, expressing indignation and heroic embrace through their own poems, and broadening the theme of poetry.
Du Shaofu was appointed Wang Bo of Zhou Shu.
Across the wall of Sanqin, across a layer of fog, across a river.
We said goodbye sadly, and our two officials went in opposite directions.
After all, the world is just a small place.
Why are you wandering at the fork in the road? The child is holding a towel.
Chen Ziang, on the tower of Youzhou.
No one can see the ancient wisdom of the ancient king, only those wise men who can't see the afterlife can see it.
Only the boundless universe, boundless, can't stop the tears full of sadness.
(2) During the prosperous Tang Dynasty
By the beginning of the 8th century, the Tang Dynasty had the so-called "Kaiyuan Shengshi", and its economy and culture reached its peak. There are also a large number of outstanding poets in the field of poetry creation. Tang poetry reached its peak, with a wide range of themes and various schools, including "frontier poetry school" and "pastoral poetry school" The great romantic poet Li Bai and the great realistic poet Du Fu are the most outstanding representatives of this period. Their poems are the highest in this generation. In their works, no matter the five laws and seven laws, or the poems and ancient songs with five verses and seven verses, they have achieved high artistic achievements, such as Li Bai's "Climbing Mount Tianmu in a Dream and Walking into Wine". Du Fu's Three Officials and Three Farewells and so on.
Example: Li Bai's famous sentence:
1, one day I will ride the wind and waves, sail straight up and cross the deep sea. It's hard to go.
2. But since the water is still flowing, although we cut it with swords, it is even more sad to raise a glass. Xie Tiao Villa in Xuanzhou Farewell Minister Shu Yun.
3. Yanshan snowflakes are as big as seats, and pieces of them blow off Xuanyuantai. Popular in the north
Since God has given talents, let them be used! , spin one thousand silver, all back! . Yuefujiang Jin Jiu
5. You didn't see how the water of the Yellow River moved out of heaven and into the ocean, never to return; Have you seen the lovely hair in the bright mirror in the high room, although it is still silky black in the morning, it turns into snow at night? Yuefujiang Jin Jiu
Oh, let a man with spirit take risks where he wants to go, and never point his golden cup at the moon empty! . Yuefujiang Jin Jiu
7. The green hills on both sides of the strait are opposite, and the lonely sails come from the sun. Wangtianmen mountain
8. The solitary sail is far away from the blue sky, and only the Yangtze River flows in the sky. Farewell to Meng Haoran on the way to Yangzhou from Yellow Crane Tower.
9, flying three thousands of feet, suspected that the Milky Way fell for nine days. Look at Lushan Waterfall
………
(3) Mid-Tang Dynasty
In the mid-Tang Dynasty, poets made their own achievements. But the most outstanding achievement is Bai Juyi, who put forward the progressive theory that "articles should be written in time, songs and poems should be written for things" and personally participated in and led the "New Yuefu Movement". Bai Juyi's poems are clear and easy to understand, and are deeply loved by the masses. His representative works include Song of Eternal Sorrow and Pipa Travel.
Bai Juyi:
Say goodbye to the ancient grassland
The long grass is so lush that the withered grass will thicken the color of the grass every autumn and winter.
Wildfire can't burn it out, but the spring breeze can revive it.
Weeds and wild flowers are all over the ancient road, and the end of the grass in the sun is your journey.
I once again sent my bosom friend, and the thick grass represented my deep affection.
Dreamed of the south bank
The scenery in Jiangnan is very beautiful, and the picturesque scenery has long been familiar.
At sunrise, the river is redder than fire, and in spring, the river is as green as blue.
How can we make people not miss Jiangnan?
(4) Late Tang Dynasty
In the late Tang Dynasty, the prosperity of the dynasty had ended, but poetry creation was still in decline, and many outstanding poets appeared one after another. Their poems reflect the crisis and folk sufferings in the decline of the Tang Dynasty empire from different angles, and their artistic achievements are very high, which have a great influence on future generations.
Famous poets in the late Tang Dynasty were Wen, Li Shangyin and Du Mu. Li Shangyin and Du Mu are called "Little Du Li"
Li Shangyin:
Untitled (Stars Last Night)
The stars were bright last night, but there was a cool breeze at midnight. Our banquet is on the side of Hualou Temple and the east of the county.
Without Cai Feng's wings, it is impossible to be Qi Fei in fly with me; The heart is like a soul, and the feelings are the same.
Guessing and intrigue, wine warms the heart; This group of people came to the bet of drinking friends, and a win-lose red in candlelight.
Alas, it's time to call the roll in the morning when you hear the drums of the fifth watch; Riding to Lantai is like the wind in the wind.