What is the architectural style of Hakka earth building in Nanjing County?
Among them, Tianluokeng Tulou Group is located in Shuyang Town, Nanjing County, Zhangzhou, Fujian Province. The county has been established for more than 600 years, and it consists of 1 square building, 3 circular buildings and 1 oval building. The square building is in the middle, and the other four buildings are around, forming a staggered layout according to the mountain situation, which is nicknamed "four dishes and one soup" by the locals.
Fang Lou, also known as Buyun Lou, is the first tulou in Tianluokeng Tulou Group. Built in 1796, it has three floors, each floor has 26 rooms, and the whole building has 4 stairs. Named Buyun, it means that future generations will become rich and their career will rise step by step.
It is said that when Buyun Building was just built, the local Hakkas had the financial resources, and immediately began to build a new round building on its upper right, called Hechang Building.
Hechang Building is also three stories high, with 22 rooms and two stairs on each floor. 1930, Zhenchang Building was built on the upper left of Buyun Building. Buyun Building is still three stories high with 26 rooms on each floor. Later, Ruiyun Building rose from the bottom right of Buyun Building, which is still three floors with 26 rooms on each floor.
Wenchang Building, the last building in Tianluokeng Tulou Group, is an oval building with three floors and 32 rooms on each floor.
Tianluokeng Natural Village is named for its snail-like terrain, surrounded by towering mountains and low-lying middle, which looks like a pit. Between the five earth buildings, there are old wooden boards blackened by years, and red couplets are attached to the wooden boards, which are full of ancient and beautiful atmosphere; The shallots and bamboo baskets hanging high on the corridors and wooden posts, either leaning, lined up or facing each other, inadvertently constitute the beautiful decoration of Tulou people.
The selection of holes at the bottom of the earth building in Tianluokeng follows the geomantic culture of our country. Buyun Building is a "tiger catching" position, and Hechang Building is a "crab land" position. According to research, five earth buildings were built in the golden ratio; Historians and geographers call these five tulou outstanding representatives of Jin Mu's fire, water and soil in Zhouyi.
Four circular buildings surround a square building, like a blooming plum blossom, which is beautiful and dazzling, and also like a magnificent quintet symphony, playing fiercely between beautiful mountains and rivers.
The highway winds down the mountain. With the change of visual angle, the landscape of winkle pit changes magically. Circular buildings sometimes advance and sometimes retreat, while square buildings sometimes hide and sometimes expose.
When I came to the sloping highway, I looked up and saw that the earth buildings in Tianluokeng were born like Potala Palace, majestic and resplendent in the sun. The builders of these four circular buildings successfully obtained the plane of the second floor by increasing or decreasing the height of the first floor column along the terrain, which greatly facilitated the living.
Of course, in the place where Hakkas live, in addition to the most representative Hakkas' earth buildings mentioned above, there is also an I-shaped earth building built on the mountain. There are rotating walls on the front and left and right sides of the building, and the gate is located on one side of the fence. The whole building looks like a lock, so it is called "lock-head building".
Hakka tulou is a crystallization of China culture, a strange mixture of backward productivity and high civilization. They are perfect in technology and function, have high aesthetic value in modeling and have deep connotation in cultural connotation.
Tianluokeng tulou